EDU 3104- Chapter 1

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EDU 3104Classroom Management

and Behaviour

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Text book

• Pengurusan Bilik Darjah dan Tingkah Laku untuk Program Ijazah Sarjana Muda

Perguruan

Choong Lean Keow, PhD Budiman KL

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Chapter 1 – Classroom Management

in the Primary School

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Concept of Classroom

• As a work place – task connected to teaching and learning process

• Ecology system – interaction between personal ecology and classroom ecology

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As a work place

• A place where student come to school to study and teacher come to teach

• School is a place where both student and teacher have their own roles to play

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• Duty of a teacher :– Teach– Planning of lesson– Determine learning objectives– Control classroom activities– Create conducive classroom environment– Guide and supervise students– Give encouragement – Evaluate achievement– etc

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• Duty of a student :– Pay attention in class– Take active part in class activities– Do exercises– Do home work– Follow class regulations– etc

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As an Ecology System

• Classroom is regarded as a habitat where teacher and student (inhabitants) mutually interact to make the process of teaching and learning a success. (living is prolonged)

• Interdependent • Interpersonal communication• Personal ecology – interaction of teacher’s and

student’s personal belief and experience give rise to classroom ecology

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Characteristics of Classroom

• Doyle (1986) :

Characteristics of classroom

Multi dimension

Simultaneous element

Immediate

Unpredictability

Open

History

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• Multi dimensional :– List of duty and responsibility of teacher and

student– Teacher and student different experience and

background– Responsibility of teacher ?– Responsibility of student ?

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• Simultaneous element :– Various experiences and activities happening at

the same time– Example : teacher explaining, at the same time

teacher have to make sure student pay attention and understand

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• Immediacy :– The effect of an action that happened quickly– Example : a student was injured by a sharp object

that was thrown. Teacher has to take Immediate action to help the student

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• Unpredictable :– Many things can happen in class that cannot be

predicted• Openness :– Teacher and student should be open in solving

problems– Teacher should be open to constructive criticism

from student

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• History :– Background information of students– Academic record, health record, achievement

record, report from teacher of the student– Inventory

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Concept of classroom management

• Early 1970s, classroom management and classroom teaching are considered different

• 1980s, classroom management involves teaching and managing students

• Creating and maintaining a positive learning environment

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Definition of classroom management

• Strategy to ensure physical and psychological safety of student

• Technique use by teacher to change behavior of problem student and enhance discipline

• Methods used to ensure a smooth and orderly teaching and learning process

• Teaching technique that support positive behavior of student

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• Brophy and Evertson (1976):– Classroom management skill plays an important

part in the success and effectiveness of the teaching and learning process

• Doyle (1979) :– A process to solve problems related to classroom

regulations

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• McCaslin and Good (1992) :– It involves more than adhering (obey) to classroom

regulations, – It is used to enhance personal understanding, self

evaluation, and self control among the students• Sanford, Emmer and Clements (1983) :– Things that a teacher need to do to enhance the

involvement and cooperation of students in classroom activities in order to create productive learning environment

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• Summary of meaning of classroom management :– Aspects given attention are :• Knowledge and skills• Management strategy• Classroom psycho-social environment

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Conceptual model of classroom management

Knowledge and skill

Facilitating student learning

Set up classroom regulation

Manage strategy

Psycho social environment

Classroom management

Competency and personality of teacher

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• Knowledge and skill :– Content knowledge– Pedagogical knowledge– Knowledge about student

• Managing strategy :– Need a good plan to manage classroom

regulation, routine, and procedure– Create a system of reward and punishment

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• Psycho social environment :– influence the relationship between teacher and

student– Teacher need to create healthy psycho social

environment in the classroom

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Characteristics of a teacher that is effective in classroom management (Evan 2001)

Characteristics of an effective

teacher

Personal

Teaching basedIntellectual

Dedication, facilitator, caring, concern

Can manage classroom, time, behavior, motivate student. Like to teach

Like reading, explore, get along with society, good mental health

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Effective Teacher (Goh, 2005)

Positive

PreventionProactive

Positive attitude, believe in student, accept all student

Take action to prevent problems like set up rules for students to follow

Take the initiative to get information about students, plan early

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Effective Teacher

Effective teacher

Personal quality

Teaching and learning competency

Value appreciation and practice

Commitment Responsibility Integrity

Content Teaching strategy Planning skillClassroom management skillMotivation and communication skill

Practise good values Role model

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Thank you very much