View
3
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Human Computer Interaction Laboratory
@jonfroehlich Assistant Professor Computer Science
CMSC434 Introduction to Human-Computer Interaction
Week 03 | Lecture 06 | Sept 18, 2014
Understanding Users I (Continued)
TODAY
1. Logistics
2. Observation
3. In-Class Activity
4. IDEO User Research Method Cards
5. Team work (if time)
14 People Have Done This
You Should Too!
Individual Assignment (IA)
Group Project Assignment (TA)
Reading Assignment (R)
Event/Holiday
Lecture (L)
Hall of Fame Hall of Shame
Hall of Fame Hall of Shame
If your submission is chosen for class, you will get up to double the points!
HALL OF SHAME: QUITTING SKYPE Consistency is one of Jakob Nielsen’s 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design
Jakob Nielsen
One of the most well-known “UI Experts” We’ll learn more about him throughout semester
Source: http://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/
HALL OF SHAME: QUITTING SKYPE
Users should not have to wonder whether different words,
situations, or actions mean the same thing. Follow platform
conventions.
Consistency is one of Jakob Nielsen’s 10 Usability Heuristics for User Interface Design
Jakob Nielsen
One of the most well-known “UI Experts” We’ll learn more about him throughout semester
Source: http://www.nngroup.com/articles/ten-usability-heuristics/
HALL OF SHAME: QUITTING SKYPE
Normally when you think of “bad design”, you think of the
creator as being sloppy or lazy but with no ill intent. This type
of bad design is known as a “UI anti-pattern”. Dark Patterns
are different – they are not mistakes, they are carefully
crafted with a solid understanding of human psychology, and
they do not have the user’s interests in mind.
Harry Brignull
Independent User Experience Designer
Curates darkpatterns.org
ANYONE TRIED IOS8? WHAT DID YOU THINK?
user research
methods
User Research Methods
Formative Summative Build
Ethnography
Interviews
Surveys
Cultural Probes
Focus Groups
Diary Studies
Experience Sampling Studies
Studying Similar Products
Interaction Logging of Past Product /
Early Prototype
Studying Past Product Documentation
…
Ethnography
Interviews
Surveys
Focus Groups
Diary Studies
Experience Sampling Studies
Interaction Logging
…
Surveys Video Ethnography
Focus Groups Observational
Techniques
Statistical
Macro techniques
(many people)
Micro techniques
(few people)
Interpretive
Saying Doing Explicit opportunities and needs Latent opportunities and needs
[Designing Interactions by Bill Moggridge, 2007]
Source: Designing Interactions by Bill Moggridge, 2007
USER RESEARCH
METHODS
observation
User Research Methods
Formative Summative Build
Ethnography
Interviews
Surveys
Cultural Probes
Focus Groups
Diary Studies
Experience Sampling Studies
Studying Similar Products
Interaction Logging of Past Product /
Early Prototype
Studying Past Product Documentation
…
Design Thinking 60 Minutes, January 2013
Source: http://goo.gl/SPwdPE
YogiBerra MLB Player / Quote Machine
“You can observe a
lot by just watching”
Why can’t we
just ask users
what they
want?
USERS’ WORDS ARE UNRELIABLE
People are notoriously bad at predicting what
they would use or would prefer when it is only
hypothetical
They can much better respond to actual,
concrete things, or make comparisons
This highlights the importance
of observation and of prototypes!
Plus x2…
“It’s not the consumers’
job to know what they
want.”
SteveJobs Designer / Inventor / Creative Genius
“If I had asked my
customers what they
wanted,
HenryFord Inventor / Car Salesman
“If I had asked my
customers what they
wanted, they would
have said a faster
horse.”
HenryFord Inventor / Car Salesman
So, often it’s better to
watch what people do
than to only design
solely for what they
say
What’s wrong with the measuring cup?
Alex Lee , Oxo Design Process and Products, GEL2008, http://vimeo.com/3200945
Nobody mentioned that this is a
problem because this is an accepted
part of the process of measuring.
Alex Lee OXO International, President
Alex Lee , Oxo Design Process and Products, GEL2008, http://vimeo.com/3200945
Nobody mentioned that this is a
problem because this is an accepted
part of the process of measuring.
We are happy when we see this
problem, this clear inefficiency that
nobody articulates.
Alex Lee OXO International, President
Alex Lee , Oxo Design Process and Products, GEL2008, http://vimeo.com/3200945
Show us how you measure.
Alex Lee , Oxo Design Process and Products, GEL2008, http://vimeo.com/3200945
The Role of Ethnography in Design
In anthropology, ethnography developed as a
way to explore the everyday realities of
people living in small-scale, non-Western
societies and to make understandings of those
realities available to others.
Mark Burrell Psychologist
Microsoft Corporation
Blomberg and Burrell, An Ethnographic Approach to Design, The HCI Handbook, 2007, p966
Jeanette Blomberg Anthropologist
IBM Research
Today, the ethnographic approach is not limited
to investigations of small-scale societies, but
instead is applied to the study of people and
social groups in specific settings within large
industrialized societies, such as workplaces, senior
centers, and schools…
Mark Burrell Psychologist
Microsoft Corporation
Blomberg and Burrell, An Ethnographic Approach to Design, The HCI Handbook, 2007, p966
Jeanette Blomberg Anthropologist
IBM Research
Pimentel, Big Blue to expand viewpoint / Research center to add nontechnical specialists to staff, San Francisco Chronicle, Oct 21, 2003
Pimentel, Big Blue to expand viewpoint / Research center to add nontechnical specialists to staff, San Francisco Chronicle, Oct 21, 2003
Holistic: tiny details into big picture context;
attempt to look at things broadly—understand
context
Natural settings: Directly observe in the things
that you’re trying to study
Descriptive: focus on recording behavior—
analysis comes later
THE 3 PRINCIPLES OF ETHNOGRAPHY
Ellen Isaacs Ethnography at TEDxBroadway
Source: http://youtu.be/nV0jY5VgymI
User Research Methods
Formative Summative Build
Ethnography
Interviews
Surveys
Cultural Probes
Focus Groups
Diary Studies
Experience Sampling Studies
Studying Similar Products
Interaction Logging
Studying Prior Product Documentation
…
In teams of four:
• Identify benefits of method
• Identify drawbacks of method
IDEO METHOD CARDS
Available from William Stout publishers ($49)
Slide adapted from Julie Kientz and Leah Findlater
Fly on the Wall A Day in the Life Shadowing Personal
Inventory
Slide adapted from Julie Kientz and Leah Findlater
LOOK AT WHAT USERS REALLY DO
ASK USERS TO HELP
Collage Conceptual
Landscape
Card Sort
Cognitive Maps
Slide adapted from Julie Kientz and Leah Findlater
Cultural
Probe
PROBES
Cultural Probes allows researchers to supplement the
understandings developed through ethnographic research in
situations where intrusion and disruption are likely to arise.
in Crabtree, Andy, et al. "Designing with care: Adapting cultural probes to inform design in sensitive settings.”, OzCHI2004
Bill Gaver, Tony Dunne, and Elena Pacenti. 1999. Design: Cultural probes. Interactions, 1999
CULTURAL PROBES Cultural probes are a “rich and varied set of materials that … let us ground
[our designs] in the detailed textures of local cultures.” Gaver, 1999
Gaver’s Cultural Probes of Elderly • Postcards with questions concerning participants’
attitudes to their lives, cultural environment and technology.
• Maps asking participants to highlight important areas in their cultural environment.
• Cameras with instructions asking participants to photograph things of interest to them and things that bored them.
• Photo Albums asking participants to assemble a small montage telling a story about participant’s lives.
• Media Diaries asking participants to record the various media they use, when, where and in whose company.
CULTURAL PROBES
The probes were part of a strategy of pursuing experimental
design in a responsive way. They address a common dilemma
in developing projects for unfamiliar groups.
Bill Gaver Professor of Design
University of London
Bill Gaver, Tony Dunne, and Elena Pacenti. 1999. Design: Cultural probes. Interactions, 1999
CULTURAL PROBES
The probes were part of a strategy of pursuing experimental
design in a responsive way. They address a common dilemma
in developing projects for unfamiliar groups. Understanding the
local cultures was necessary so that our designs wouldn’t seem
irrelevant or arrogant… We wanted to lead a discussion with the
groups toward unexpected ideas, but we didn’t want to
dominate it.
Bill Gaver Professor of Design
University of London
Bill Gaver, Tony Dunne, and Elena Pacenti. 1999. Design: Cultural probes. Interactions, 1999
These methods help us think differently
about problems.
They help inspire ideas.
They help us understand our “users” and
the potential for technology.
SO WHAT?
Eric Paulos and Tom Jenkins. Urban probes: encountering our emerging urban atmospheres, CHI2005
HOW DO PEOPLE THINK ABOUT LITTER?
Eric Paulos and Tom Jenkins. Urban probes: encountering our emerging urban atmospheres, CHI2005
PROBES
They may seem whimsical, but it would be a mistake to
dismiss them on that ground: for unless we start to respect
the full range of values that make us human, the technologies
we build are likely to be dull and uninteresting at best, and
de-humanising at worst.
Bill Gaver Professor of Design
University of London
As quoted in Crabtree, Andy, et al. "Designing with care: Adapting cultural probes to inform design in sensitive settings.”, OzCHI2004
TRY IT YOURSELF
Empathy tools Scenarios Next year's
headlines
Prototyping
Slide adapted from Julie Kientz and Leah Findlater
LEARN FROM THE FACTS YOU GATHER
Affinity Diagrams Cognitive Task Analysis Flow Analysis
Slide adapted from Julie Kientz and Leah Findlater
Find Your Project Team I want to discuss plans/progress on TA02
Dark Palette
Light Palette
Smartsheet Gantt Palette
Light Palette
Recommended