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Classification and Structure of Bones
Goals for Today
Learn about skeletal support system
Learn about the 4 bone groups
Learn about bone structure
Learn about bone markings and their functions
Support System
Cartilage - gel-like matrix with fibers (EX:collagen) - chondrocyte (Cartilage) cells
Bone - matrix filled with calcium salts - rigid = calcium salts - flexible = collagen matrix - osteocyte cells
Pg. 78
Activity 3 – Heat and HCl on Bones
Heat – dries the organic matrix of the bone
What will happen?
Vinegar – removes calcium salts from bone
What will happen?
Hyaline- sturdy support w/ some “give”- EX: nose, trachea, ribs
Elastic- flexible- lots of elastin fibers- EX: epiglottis, ear
Fibrocartilage- resists compression- EX: intervertebral disks
Be able to give examples
Cartilage is your Friend !!
Infant Adult
The 4 Bone GroupsLong Bones – longer than wide.
EX: femur, humerus
Short Bones – cube-shaped. EX: tarsals, carpals
Flat Bones – thin and flattened. EX: skull, ribs
Irregular Bones – “other bones” EX: vertebrae
Pg. 75Pg. 75
Epiphyseal Plate (Growth)
Osteon
Central Canal w/ blood vessels, nerves
Lacunae w/ bone cells
Bone Markings
Joints
Muscle Attachment
Vessel Passage
Crest
Tuberosity
Head
Condyle
Foramen
Spine
To Do List
1. Learn to categorize bones into the 4 groups
2. Examine femur cross-section. Identify the parts
3. Look at bone slide. Identify parts
4. Learn bone marking vocabulary. Identify each marking on an actual bone
5. Look at vinegar and heat-treated bones.
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