Chapter 9 Active Remote Sensing 2010.ppt - Atomic Physics · Stromboli Vulcano Etna. 2010-11-30 12...

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Differential OpticalAbsorption SpectroscopyDOAS

Sulphur dioxide DOAS Measurement

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Diodel

External gasPD

Referencecells

Retro-reflector

PD

laser

PD

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TDLAS, Water vapour absorption

Direct detection

Two-tonefrequencyq y

modulation

LIDAR

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Nymölla Pulp Plant

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Lund mobile Lidar system

Nd:YAG OPOIR mix Nd:YAGIR mix

El

OMA

Air & Watercooling

Calib.Power Supply

IR mixOPONd:YAG

Ele

ctro

nics

Air sys

Nd:YAG

Power Supply

cooling

.

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The mobile Lidar system

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Sulphur dioxide absorption cross section

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Atomic Mercury Lidar Mapping and Flux

MeasurementRosignano Solvay, Italy

VERT.

HOR.

Optical monitoring of geophysical gases

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Lidar monitoring of Hg in geothermal fields:Svartsengi, Krysuvik, Nesjavellir (IS),

Larderello, Piancastagnaio, Bagnore, Castelnuovo Val di Cecina, Lagoni Rossi (IT)Svartsengi

Castelnuovo (Cecina)Lagoni Rossi

Volcanoe Monitoring

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RV Urania and the Lund Lidar system in the port of Bari

Stromboli Vulcano

Etna

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Lidar monitoringof SO2 at Stromboli

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LIDAR REMOTE FLUORESCENCE MONITORING

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3.5x 10

4

1.8

2x 10

5

DOM

3.520

18a b

RamanDOM

Vertical maritime lidar monitoring, Mediterrenean

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

Raman

Chlorophyll

Harbour

Costal

Ocean

0 0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

0

18

16

14

12

2

4

6

8

10

Inte

nsi

ty (

a.u.

)

Inte

nsity

(a.

u.)

Harbour

Coastal

Ocean

4 m

8 m

DOM

Depth

Chlorophyll

Raman

Chlorophyll

350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 7500

350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 7500

350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 7500.00

Wavelength (nm) Wavelength (nm)

400 500 600 700 8000

5000

10000

15000

1

400 500 600 700 8000

5000

10000

15000

2

400 500 600 700 8000

1

2

3

4

5x 10

43

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LIDAR REMOTE FLUORESCENCE MONITORING

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LUNDCATHEDRAL

LIDAR INCULTURAL HERITAGE

MONITORING

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Building up a spectrum from principal component spectra

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Multi-variatespectralanalysis classifies

areas

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7

8

9

1

1

Pix

el

5

10

15

20

25

30

(b))

Pixel10 20 30 40 50 60 70

3

4

5

6

Pixel10 20 30 40 50 60 70

30

35

40

45

50

(b)) PARMABAPTISTERY

1500

2000

2500

3000

0

500

1000

390 490 590 690

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

18000

390 490 590 690

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RomeColiseum

2005

Imaging scenarios for different background light conditions

1

2

a b c

3 4

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Target

Mobile lidar systema

Laser beam path

b

To roof-top

REMOTE

LIBS

Nd:YAG

OMA

Beam expander

scanning mirrors

Receiving telescope

Remote Laser-Induced Break-Down Spectroscopy (LIBS)

Iron plate(Fe)

Emission spectrum detected in plasma after-glow150 mJ/pulse

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Remote laser ablative cleaning, 60 m

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SLAR Principle

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ShipShip

Ship

25 tonnes of crude oil

ShipShip

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Earthquake at Bam, IranMaximum 48 cm displacement

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Sinking Venice1 cm in 5 years

Underwater volcanic activity at Panarea (Sonar recording)