Chapter 20 Social Psychology. Refers to the way people think and act in social situations. ...

Social CognitionChapter 20Social Psychology

Social Cognition…

Refers to the way people think and act in social situations.

Concerned with:▪ Attitudes▪ Persuasion▪ Attraction▪ Love▪ First impressions

Attitudes

Beliefs and feelings about objects, people and events that lead people to behave in certain ways.

Attitudes develop in many ways: Conditioning Observational learning Cognitive evaluation- evidence and logic Cognitive anchors- early attitudes

Attitudes and Behaviors

Which came first? The chicken or the egg?

Cognitive dissonance Uncomfortable tension due to a contradiction

between our attitudes and behaviors

▪ Example: “I think bullying is really horrible”“ha ha- look at her ugly sweater”- Contradiction between attitude and behavior

Persuasion

Direct attempt to influence others’ attitudes Methods:

▪ Central route- direct; evidence and logic

▪ Peripheral route - indirect; associations

2 sided argument- both sides Emotional appeal-

Who do you listen to?? The messenger-

Experts Seem trustworthy Physically attractive Similar to you (age, ethnicity etc)

Sales Resistance Just say no! self esteem and social anxiety

Prejudice- attitude

Discrimination- behavior

Scapegoat- individual or group that is blamed for a complex problem

Attribution Theory

People tend to explain others’ behavior based on their personality or the situation Dispositional- personality Situational- external

FAE- overestimate the effect of dispositional factors

(Fundamental Attribution Error)Think of another driving cutting you off-what do you think about this person?

Attraction

Matching hypothesisReciprocity- equal exchangeTriangular model of love

Intimacy Passion commitment

Intimacy

Passion

Commitment

Serial Position Effect

Primacy Effect Remember firsts▪ On a list, events▪ First impressions are lasting

Recency Effect Remember last (most recent)▪ On lists, events▪ Things that just happened

Terms- review (look up)

Serial position effect (primacy & recency)

Triangular model of love

Matching hypothesis

Reciprocity F.A.E. Prejudice Discrimination

Scapegoating Cognitive

dissonance Emotional appeal Central route vs.

peripheral route Attitudes Sales resistance Cognitive anchors Cognitive

evaluation