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7/30/2019 Chapter 13 Population Ecology Hour 1 Edited
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Powerpoint@lecture Slides Are Prepared By Biology Lecturer, KMPk
mailto:point@lecturemailto:point@lecture7/30/2019 Chapter 13 Population Ecology Hour 1 Edited
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13.1 Population
Growth
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Ecosystem management through conservationand preservation
Nature reserves national parks Planned land
Legal protection of endangered species Commercial farming
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At the end of this topic, students should be
able to;
Explain biotic potential (r) and environmentalresistance and their effect on population growth
Explain carrying capacity and its importance
Describe natality and mortality and their effects
on the rate of population growth
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The increase in the number of
individuals in a population
A population will increase in number
when the available resources are
greater than required at that particular
time.
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a) Natality (birth rate)
- The rate at which a particular species or
population produces offspring
:
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b) Mortality (death rate)
- The rate at which a
particular species
or population dies,
whatever the cause.
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Biotic Potential (r)
Maximum number ofoffspring an organism can
produce under idealconditions.
" power of organisms to
reproduce and survive"Chapman (1925)
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Ideal condition :
- plenty of space for each
member
- unlimited resources
- no resistance
Important in population
growth- to sustain unlimited growth
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Reality- exponential
growth cannot continue
for long because of
environmental
resistance
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Environmental Resistance
All those environmental conditions
that prevent populations from
achieving their biotic potential.
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Interplay between biotic
potential and
environmental resistance- determines the size of
a population of a
species
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When populations become
too large,
- Run out of some limiting
resource
As a result,
- Growth slows to zero
- Population size tends to
stabilize
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Limited supply offood
Accumulation ofwaste products
Increasedcompetitionbetweenmembers
Predation
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Temperature
pH
Light
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The effect of environmental resistance
on the population growth
A growth curve with an S-shape
The effect of environmental resistance
on the population growth
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Carrying Capacity(K)
Maximum number of individuals of apopulation that can be supported by a
particular habitat
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The closer population size gets to the Carrying
Capacity, the greater will be the environment
resistance.
(bioticpotential)
Carrying Capacity
Num
berofIndi
viduals
Time
ExponentialGrowth
Equilibrium
(environmental resistance)
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Determined by both biotic
potential and environmental
resistance
Changes in response to
environmental changes
Eg; During drought
The amount of vegetation will
decrease
Lower the carrying capacity
for deer
Determined by both biotic
potential and environmental
resistance
Changes in response to
environmental changes
Eg: During drought
The amount of vegetation
will decrease
Lower the carrying capacity
for deer
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Important limit on
populations
To prevent population
crash
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Discuss these terms :
Biotic potential (r)
Natality and mortality
Environmental
resistance
Carrying capacity
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Question 1
What is the meaning of carrying capacity(K) of the population?
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Population Growth Curves
Limiting Factors Affecting
the Population Size
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