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Caged Mussel Bioaccumulation Monitoring in Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bays. Lisa Lefkovitz Battelle Carlton D. Hunt Battelle Maury Hall MWRA September 23, 1999. MusselsIntroduction. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Caged Mussel Bioaccumulation Monitoring in Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bays
Lisa Lefkovitz Battelle
Carlton D. HuntBattelle
Maury HallMWRA
September 23, 1999
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Introduction
• Caged Mussels were deployed as part of the NPDES permit requirements to address bioaccumulatable contaminants and human health exposure associated with the Massachusetts Bay Outfall.
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Monitoring Objectives
• Deploy and collect mussels from multiple locations in Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay
• Measure biological condition and concentrations of selected organic contaminants and trace metals
• Establish baselines in Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bays
• Detect change in system after discharge
• Evaluate conditions against monitoring thresholds (post-discharge period)
InflowOutflow
Light
ConcernsEcologicalEcological Nutrients ContaminantsContaminants Organic Material Food Chain Community Structure Living Resources
Human HealthHuman Health ContaminantsContaminants Bacteria Viruses BioaccumulationBioaccumulation
SEDIMENT
Mammals
Infauna
Piscivorous Fish
Zooplankton
Phytoplankton
Planktivorous Fish
EpibenthosEpibenthosCaged musselsCaged mussels
Demersal Fish
Flounder
Regeneration
DetritusParticulate
Microbes
Dissolved
WATER COLUMN
Sources Rivers Boundary Nonpoint EffluentsEffluents
Gas ExchangeExchangeN2, | O2, CO2
ATMOSPHERE
N, P, Si, ON, P, Si, O22, CO, CO22 Microbes
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Collection/Deployment Locations
Cape Cod Bay
Mass Bay outfall
Dear Island Light
Sandwich
Gloucester
Boston Inner Harbor
42°0
0'42°00'
42°1
5'42°15'
42°3
0'42°30'
71°00'
71°00'
70°45'
70°45'
70°30'
70°30'
70°15'
70°15'
Collection Locations
0 5 10 15 Kilometers
Outfall Diffuser
Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary
LEGEND
N
Deployment Locations
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Deployment
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Biological and Chemical Parameters
MUSSEL GROWTH AND CONDITION
Parameter
Shell LengthShell VolumeShell Weight
Total Organism WeightTotal Soft Tissue Weight
Gonad-Mantle WeightNon-Gonadal Tissue Weight
CHEMICAL PARAMETERS
Sample Type Hg Pb PCBs PAHs Pests Lipids
Gloucester
Sandwich
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Total PCBs
Boston Inner Harbor
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
ng
/g
Deer Island
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
ng/g
Predeployment Concentration
Outfall Site
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
ng
/g
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Total DDT
Boston Inner Harbor
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
ng/g
dry
Deer Island
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Outfall Site
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Predeployment Concentration
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels PAH
Low and High Molecular Weight
Predeployment LMW Concentration Predeployment HMW Concentration
Boston Inner Harbor
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
ng
/g d
ry w
t
HMW
LMW
Deer Island
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
HMW
LMW
Outfall Site
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
HMW
LMW
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Mercury
Mercury (Hg) Deer Island
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mercury (Hg)Outfall Site
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
Mercury (Hg)Boston Inner Harbor
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
ug/g
dry
* indicates Predeployment Mussels from Gloucester; All other years Sandwich
Predeployment Concentration
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Lead
Lead (Pb) Boston Inner Harbor
0
2
4
6
8
10
ug/g
dry
Lead (Pb)Deer Island
0
2
4
6
8
10
Lead (Pb)Outfall
0
2
4
6
8
10
* indicates Predeployment Mussels from Gloucester; All other years Sandwich
Predeployment Concentration
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels PCB Comparison to Thresholds Massachusetts Bay Outfall
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
PC
B T
iss
ue
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
pp
b w
et
wt)
Caution Threshold = 26.9 ppb
Warning Threshold = 1600 ppb*
n = 8
n = 8
n = 8n = 5
n = 5
n = 8
* The warning threshold is 80% of the FDA level
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels DDT Comparison to Thresholds Massachusetts Bay Outfall
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
DD
T T
issu
e C
on
cen
trati
on
(p
pb
wet
wt)
Caution Threshold = 7.11 ppb
Warning Threshold = 4000 ppb*
* The warning threshold is 80% of the FDA level
n = 8
n = 8
n = 8
n = 5
n = 5n = 8
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Hg Comparison to Thresholds Massachusetts Bay Outfall
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
0.04
0.045
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Merc
ury
Tis
su
e C
on
cen
trati
on
(p
pm
wet
wt)
Caution Threshold = 0.043 ppm
Warning Threshold = 0.8 ppm*
* The warning threshold is 80% of the FDA level
n = 8
n = 8
n = 5
n = 5
n = 8
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels PAH Comparison to Thresholds Massachusetts Bay Outfall
0
20
40
60
80
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
PA
H T
issu
e C
on
cen
tratio
n (
pp
b w
et w
t)
Caution Threshold = 34.6 ppb
n = 8
n = 7
n = 8
n = 5 n = 5
n = 8
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Chlordane Comparison to ThresholdsMassachusetts Bay Outfall
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Ch
lord
an
e T
issu
e C
on
cen
trati
on
(p
pb
wet
wt)
Caution Theshold = 2.6 ppb
Warning Threshold = 240 ppb*
* The warning threshold is 80% of the FDA level
n = 8
n = 8
n = 8
n = 5
n = 5
n = 8
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Dieldrin Comparison to ThresholdsMassachusetts Bay Outfall
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Die
ldri
n T
issu
e C
on
cen
trati
on
s (
pp
b w
et
wt)
Caution Threshold = 0.6 ppb
Warning Threshold = 240 ppb*
* The warning threshold is 80% of the FDA level
n = 8
n = 8
n = 8
n = 5
n = 5 n = 8
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
Mussels Conclusion
Chemical concentrations are highest in caged mussels deployed at Boston Inner Harbor (BIH) and lowest at the Outfall site.
A new reference location in Cape Cod Bay, shows even lower concentrations.
Concentrations measured in1998 were among the lowest observed since 1991.
Concentrations at the Mass Bay Outfall were well below the MWRA Threshold levels, indicating no health risk.
OMSAP Public MeetingSeptember 1999
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