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Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Interfacing to a VAV SystemInterfacing to a VAV System
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Interfacing to a VAV SystemInterfacing to a VAV SystemA BAS monitors inputs...A BAS monitors inputs...
AnalogAnalog Return air temperatureReturn air temperature Off-coil temperatureOff-coil temperature Duct static pressureDuct static pressureBinaryBinary Filter clean/dirty statusFilter clean/dirty status Fan hand/off/auto statusFan hand/off/auto status Fan alarmFan alarm Fan statusFan status
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Interfacing to a VAV Interfacing to a VAV SystemSystem
... and controls outputs... and controls outputsAnalogAnalog Cooling coil valve position adjustCooling coil valve position adjust VSD setpoint adjustVSD setpoint adjustBinaryBinary Return air dampers controlReturn air dampers control Fan start/stop controlFan start/stop control
AI
BO
BI
AO
AI
VSD
AO
BI
BI
BO
BI
AI
Points in Control PanelFan Speed ControlTrip AlarmAuto/Manual StatusFan Start/Stop Control
CP
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Return Air TemperatureReturn Air TemperatureUses a bulb-type sensor.Uses a bulb-type sensor.
Measures temperature of air returning Measures temperature of air returning from space through ceiling plenum.from space through ceiling plenum.
Typically 28°C to 30°C due to heat load Typically 28°C to 30°C due to heat load and heat gain in plenum from lights.and heat gain in plenum from lights.
Indication of average space Indication of average space temperaturetemperature
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Return Air Damper ControlReturn Air Damper ControlOnly used when VAV AHU is used for Only used when VAV AHU is used for
pressurization during fire mode.pressurization during fire mode.
Normally, damper is full open to allow Normally, damper is full open to allow return air to mix with fresh air.return air to mix with fresh air.
In fire mode, damper shuts so AHU In fire mode, damper shuts so AHU pressurizes space to assist smoke pressurizes space to assist smoke spill system and control movement spill system and control movement
of smokeof smoke
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Filter AlarmFilter AlarmSwitch which closes when Switch which closes when
differential pressure across filter differential pressure across filter exceeds a certain value.exceeds a certain value.
As filter gets dirty, it clogs up and As filter gets dirty, it clogs up and differential pressure increases.differential pressure increases.
When the switch closes the operator When the switch closes the operator is advised to replace the filter.is advised to replace the filter.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Cooling Coil ControlCooling Coil ControlChilled water valve is controlled to Chilled water valve is controlled to
maintain off-coil temperature maintain off-coil temperature setpoint.setpoint.
Actuator can take one of following Actuator can take one of following signals: signals:
Digital communication busDigital communication bus 0-10 VDC0-10 VDC 4-20 mA4-20 mA
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Off Coil TemperatureOff Coil TemperatureUses averaging sensor to measures Uses averaging sensor to measures
air temperature after cooling coil.air temperature after cooling coil.
Used to control cooling coil to Used to control cooling coil to achieve an off coil setpoint of 10°C achieve an off coil setpoint of 10°C
to 14°C.to 14°C.
Bulb type supply air temperature Bulb type supply air temperature sensor sometimes used in place of sensor sometimes used in place of
off coil temperature.off coil temperature.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Fan Speed ControlFan Speed ControlSignal from BAS changes setpoint of Signal from BAS changes setpoint of
Variable Speed Drive controller.Variable Speed Drive controller.
Signal from BAS is either 0-10 VDC Signal from BAS is either 0-10 VDC oror
4-20 mA4-20 mA
Variable Speed Drive controller Variable Speed Drive controller sends appropriate signals to fan.sends appropriate signals to fan.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Trip AlarmTrip AlarmVoltage-free contact closes when Voltage-free contact closes when
fan motor trips due to:fan motor trips due to: Motor overloadMotor overload VSD overloadVSD overload
When trip alarm occurs, operator is When trip alarm occurs, operator is alerted and advised to investigate.alerted and advised to investigate.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Auto / Manual SwitchAuto / Manual SwitchIf somebody has taken control away If somebody has taken control away
from the BAS by changing the from the BAS by changing the Hand/Off/Auto switch away from Hand/Off/Auto switch away from
Auto position, the operator is Auto position, the operator is advised.advised.
If switch is Manual position, If switch is Manual position, operator knows that he has no operator knows that he has no
control over the fan.control over the fan.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Fan Start/Stop ControlFan Start/Stop ControlApplies 24VAC signal to control Applies 24VAC signal to control
panel.panel.
VSD manages timing associated VSD manages timing associated withwith
soft-start of fan.soft-start of fan.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Fan StatusFan StatusUses differential pressure switch to Uses differential pressure switch to
give positive feedback of fan give positive feedback of fan operation.operation.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Static PressureStatic PressureControlled by pressure control loop Controlled by pressure control loop
to achieve a setpoint.to achieve a setpoint.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Hardware ElementsHardware Elements
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
One AHU per controller for One AHU per controller for fault tolerancefault tolerance
Stand-alone DDC control Stand-alone DDC control program stored in Eprogram stored in E22PROMPROM
Each analog input can also Each analog input can also be configured to monitor be configured to monitor two binary inputstwo binary inputs
Default time schedule for Default time schedule for stand-alone operationstand-alone operation
NoNo battery battery
DDCDDCControllerController
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Communication Communication network between DDC network between DDC controllers and controllers and Network Control UnitNetwork Control Unit
3 wires, RS-485, 1500 3 wires, RS-485, 1500 feetfeet
Sends start/stop and Sends start/stop and adjust commands from adjust commands from NCU to DDC NCU to DDC controllerscontrollers
Reports all binary Reports all binary change of states to change of states to NCUNCU
Reports analog values Reports analog values when requested by when requested by NCU NCU
N2 BusN2 Bus
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Provides BAS features Provides BAS features for associated DDC for associated DDC controllerscontrollers Fault tolerance - no Fault tolerance - no single point of failuresingle point of failure
System performance System performance independent of sizeindependent of size
““PC in a box”PC in a box” 80386 processor80386 processor Up to 10 Meg SIMMUp to 10 Meg SIMM 2 ISA slots2 ISA slots
NetworkNetworkControl UnitControl Unit
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Connection points for:Connection points for: Network TerminalNetwork Terminal Notebook PCNotebook PC PrinterPrinter ModemModem
72 hour battery backup 72 hour battery backup of programs and dataof programs and data
Real-time multi-tasking Real-time multi-tasking operating systemoperating system
NetworkNetworkControl UnitControl Unit
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Communication Communication between Network between Network Control Units and Control Units and Operator WorkstationsOperator Workstations
Standard 2.5 Mbaud Standard 2.5 Mbaud ARCNET LANARCNET LAN
Coax or fibre, bus or Coax or fibre, bus or starstar
Object oriented Object oriented protocolprotocol
Johnson Controls will Johnson Controls will release protocol release protocol information at no information at no charge charge
N1 LANN1 LAN
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
IBM Compatible PCIBM Compatible PC Microsoft Windows Microsoft Windows
Graphical User Graphical User InterfaceInterface Scanned Scanned photographsphotographs
Autocad floorplansAutocad floorplans Schematics built Schematics built from symbol from symbol librarieslibraries
Real-time field data Real-time field data superimposed on superimposed on background graphicsbackground graphics
OperatorOperatorWorkstationWorkstation
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Historical data from Historical data from NCU is archived in NCU is archived in dBase filesdBase files NCU can archive NCU can archive data in multiple data in multiple workstations workstations concurrently so that concurrently so that data is not lost if PC data is not lost if PC failsfails
Other Windows Other Windows programs can run programs can run concurrentlyconcurrently
Other software can Other software can access BAS data using access BAS data using Dynamic Data Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)Exchange (DDE)
OperatorOperatorWorkstationWorkstation
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Hand held device for Hand held device for system access outside system access outside of control roomof control room
Can be connected to Can be connected to NCU or at remote NCU or at remote connectionconnection
User friendly “finger User friendly “finger mouse” operationmouse” operation
Access to all system Access to all system data including data including historical datahistorical data
Point names and Point names and password consistent password consistent with PCwith PC
NetworkNetworkTerminalTerminal
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Fire Panel IntegrationFire Panel Integration
Chiller PanelChiller PanelIntegrationIntegration
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Third Party IntegrationThird Party IntegrationA number of vendors have released A number of vendors have released
their communication protocol to their communication protocol to Johnson Controls.Johnson Controls.
Joint testing is done to ensure that the Joint testing is done to ensure that the high level interface does not high level interface does not
interfere with the proper operation interfere with the proper operation of the third party system.of the third party system.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Software FeaturesSoftware Features
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Limit unauthorized Limit unauthorized accessaccess
5 levels of access5 levels of access MonitorMonitor Monitor, ControlMonitor, Control Monitor, Control, ModifyMonitor, Control, Modify Monitor, Control, Modify, Monitor, Control, Modify,
ProgramProgram Monitor, Control, Modify, Monitor, Control, Modify,
Program, PasswordProgram, Password Same password used at Same password used at
PC and Network PC and Network TerminalTerminal
Encrypted database Encrypted database stored at each PC and stored at each PC and each NCUeach NCU
PasswordPassword
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Network Map
Network MapNetwork Map
JCTower
Vent
Electric
Air_Con
Level_05
AHU_05 Level 5 Air Handling Unit
VAV_05 Level 5 VAV Terminal Units
Level_04
Level_03
+
-
+
-
-
+
+
Graphic Window
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Graphic Window
Graphic Window
Graphic PenetrationGraphic Penetration
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
All information about a All information about a point in one summarypoint in one summary
Line graph showing Line graph showing samples over past 24 samples over past 24 hours for analog pointshours for analog points
Dynamic line graph Dynamic line graph which updates every 20 which updates every 20 seconds for analog seconds for analog pointspoints
Last 10 change-of-states Last 10 change-of-states (ON/OFF) with time/date (ON/OFF) with time/date for binary pointsfor binary points
Point FocusPoint Focus
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Point Focus Window
BuildingSystem
Point
History Current
30.0
10.0
10/10/94 07:00 16.730.0
10.0
10/10/94 12:07:15
12.3
Point Focus WindowPoint Focus Window
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Point Focus Window
BuildingSystem
Point
History Current
30.0
10.0
10/10/94 07:00 16.730.0
10.0
10/10/94 12:07:15
12.3
Alarm MessageAlarm Message
CRITICAL ALARM EVENT
10/10/94 12:07:17 Building\System\Point 15.0 Deg C Hi AlarmTemperature is outside of normal operating range - ensure valve is under control
Look Now Look Later Discard View System
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Alarm MessageAlarm Message
Alarm eventdetected at
NCU
Alarm message routedto multiple PCs
Alarm message routedto remote locationthrough modem
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Distribution system for Distribution system for messages and filesmessages and files
Manages alarm Manages alarm messages, Totalization messages, Totalization files, Trend files and files, Trend files and Point History filesPoint History files
Concurrent updating of Concurrent updating of multiple locations for multiple locations for fault tolerancefault tolerance
Feature executed by Feature executed by each Network Control each Network Control Unit for fault toleranceUnit for fault tolerance
Report Router /Report Router /Alarm ManagerAlarm Manager
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Archiving of Historical FilesArchiving of Historical Files
Historicalfile stored
in NCU
Copy of file archivedin multiple PCsin dBase format
Copy of file sentto remote locationthrough modem
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Maintains records of run-Maintains records of run-timetime
Allows scheduling of Allows scheduling of preventive maintenance preventive maintenance based on usagebased on usage
Data archived in multiple Data archived in multiple PCs for fault tolerancePCs for fault tolerance
Built-in graphing Built-in graphing functionsfunctions
Data can be exported to Data can be exported to other applications such other applications such as Maintenance as Maintenance Management softwareManagement software
TotalizationTotalization
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Periodic sampling of Periodic sampling of selected pointsselected points
12000 samples kept in 12000 samples kept in each NCUeach NCU
Samples archived in Samples archived in multiple operator multiple operator workstations for fault workstations for fault tolerancetolerance
Built-in graphing Built-in graphing functionsfunctions
Data available to third Data available to third party softwareparty software
TrendTrend
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Continuous record of all Continuous record of all points in the BAS Systempoints in the BAS System
Allows proactive Allows proactive response to occupant response to occupant complaints or alarmscomplaints or alarms
Data available at all Data available at all Operator Workstations Operator Workstations and Network Terminalsand Network Terminals
Unique feature only Unique feature only available with Metasysavailable with Metasys
Point HistoryPoint History
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystemTrend OnlyTrend Only Point HistoryPoint History
I will start collecting datanow and hope that the same
problem happens again.
I always have thedata required before
I need it.
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Automatic execution of Automatic execution of commands or summaries commands or summaries based on a time based on a time scheduleschedule
One time schedules to One time schedules to accommodate special accommodate special situationssituations
Automatic updating of Automatic updating of point status after a point status after a power failurepower failure
Report generation by Report generation by each NCU for fault each NCU for fault tolerancetolerance
Default schedules in Default schedules in each DDC for fault each DDC for fault tolerancetolerance
SchedulingScheduling
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Advanced energy Advanced energy management algorithmsmanagement algorithms
Actions co-ordinated Actions co-ordinated between featuresbetween features
Prioritization of loadsPrioritization of loads Built-in safety Built-in safety
parametersparameters Utility Profile to track Utility Profile to track
electricity billselectricity bills
Demand LimitingDemand Limiting/ Load Rolling/ Load Rolling
Building Automation Building Automation SystemSystem
Remote PC can access Remote PC can access networknetwork
Remote telephone can Remote telephone can access network in tenant access network in tenant mode or operator modemode or operator mode
Critical alarms directed Critical alarms directed to:to: Remote printerRemote printer Remote telephone Remote telephone
(voice synthesis)(voice synthesis) Numeric pagerNumeric pager Text pager Text pager
Dial-Up I/ODial-Up I/O
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