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iii
SmartFish Meeting Report No 071
Prepared by
Ansen Ward
Border Fish Inspectors Training Workshop, 18 – 23rd February, Siavonga, Zambia
iv
This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union.
The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the author and can in
no way reflect the views of the European Union.
v
Table of Contents
Forward ............................................................................................................................................... 6
Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ 5
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 7
Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 7
Conclusions ............................................................................................. Erreur ! Signet non défini.
Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................... 13
Annex 1Terms of reference ....................................................................................................... 15
Annex 2 People met & itinerary ....................................................................................................... 16
Annex 3 Workshop itinerary ............................................................................................................ 18
Annex 4 Workshop participants ....................................................................................................... 17
Annex 5 Border inspectors day 1 working group presentations ....................................................... 20
Annex 6 Food safety and quality case study .................................................................................... 31
Annex 7 Section B quiz .................................................................................................................... 34
Annex 8 MCS presentation............................................................................................................... 37
Annex 9 MCS working group presentations .................................................................................... 44
Annex 10 MCS presentation guide ................................................................................................... 45
Annex 11 Arrest role play ................................................................................................................. 52
Annex 12 Fish inspection procedures ............................................................................................... 53
Annex 13 Certification ..................................................................................................................... 57
Annex 14 Feedback and comments from the manual review ........................................................... 58
Annex 15 Making a Statement case study ........................................................................................ 59
Annex 16 Field visit guide ................................................................................................................ 61
Annex 17 Working group assessment case study ............................................................................. 62
Annex 18 Workshop evaluation results .......................................................................................... 64
Annex 19 Workshop photographs .................................................................................................... 68
vi
Forward
Acknowledgements
The consultant would like to thank Mr Chris Short, the IOC SmartFish Business and Trade Development
Specialist for his support throughout the assignment and to his colleagues from the SmartFish office who
carried out the administration work required especially to Ms. Claudia Laguette. Thanks also go to Mr.
Paul Omani, Senior Fisheries Inspector from the Department of Fisheries Resources (DFR), Ministry of
Agriculture, Animal Industries and Fisheries (MAAIF) for organizing an assisting with the workshop
delivery. We are also grateful to Mr Tim Phiri, Head of Fisheries Training, Department of Fisheries,
Zambia for organising the Zambian end of the workshop as well as facilitating workshop sessions. Mr
Henry Nabbongo, Legal Specialist from the DFR, MAAIF, Uganda also provided invaluable inputs to
MCS aspects of the workshop.
vii
Abbreviations
ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific States
BFI Border Fish Inspector
COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa
DFO District Fisheries Officer
DoF Department of Fisheries
DRC Democratic Republic of Congo
EU European Union
IOC Indian Ocean Commission
MCS Monitoring Control and Surveillance
5
Executive Summary
A five day training workshop for border fish inspectors in harmonised procedures was held in
Siavonga, Zambia. The workshop was attended by 25 border inspectors from Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Malawi, Tanzania as well as associated resource persons from Uganda and DRC. SmartFish Focal Points
from Tanzania, Zambia and DRC also attended as well as a representative from COMESA. The
workshop also co-facilitated by the SmartFish Trainer (author) and trainers from the Department of
Fisheries, Uganda and Zambia.
The training approach focused on learning by doing and relied primarily on working group activities,
case studies and plenary discussion. The main resource for the workshop was the border inspectors
manual and the training sessions were linked with particular sections of the manual. As well as
training sessions participants were given the opportunity to review sections of the manual. Their
feedback will be used in the further revision of the manual.
The results of a final assessment process ranged from 57% to 67%. Improvements were noted by the
facilitators in the assessment results as compared to the results of similar activities undertaken during
the workshop sessions indicating a degree of learning had been achieved.
The evaluation indicates that participants rated the training approach and sessions as good to excellent
although the field visit was unsuccessful due to unexpected immigration requirements at the Zimbabwe
border.
Comments in the evaluation include:
Appreciated the experience shared with other countries
Good learning process for countries that are introducing fish inspection
It has been so nice and appreciate nice travel arrangement
Thanks I have learnt a lot from this workshop
Two workshops attended were outstanding and should continue
Region still needs more of such similar trainings
Allow all countries to do presentation not only one country in this case Uganda was dominating the
workshop
The workshop helped to refine the training approach and materials to train inspectors in the content of
the harmonized border inspector’s manual. The facilitator from Uganda dealing with MCS and legal
issues gained in confidence as the week progressed and became more familiar with the participatory style
of learning being promoted.
6
It is recommended that a next workshop would see:
Manuals provided in advance to participants so these could be read beforehand
More rigorous participant selection process to ensure the right participants attend
An adequate per diem is provided and participants are informed of what this is in advance
7
Introduction
This report refers to a five day training workshop held in February 2013 for border fish inspectors
from Zambia, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania as well as associated resource persons from Uganda and
DRC. The workshop was an activity of the EU/IOC SmartFish Programme. The workshop was
organised with the assistance of the Department for Fisheries, Zambia and the SmartFish Team Leader,
Mr Paul Omani from Uganda. This was a second border inspector’s workshop by the programme and
was designed to train inspectors in the recently produced SmartFish Border Fish Inspection Manual
developed by representatives from DRC, Malawi, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. The
manual initiative is based on a recommendation from regional fish inspectors meeting held in Kitwe,
Zambia in April 2012. The full terms of reference for the consultant/SmartFish trainer are provided as
Annex 1.
The consultant was contracted by Agrotec spa, Italy. A detailed itinerary for the period, including the
people met, is presented in Annex 2. The main text of the report presents a description of the activities
carried out during the workshop and the main conclusions. Most of the training materials and participant
outputs made during the workshop are presented in the report Annexes.
Methodology
The training approach focused on learning by doing and relying primarily on working group activities and
plenary discussion. Technical slide presentations were kept to a minimum and the subject matter was
introduced via case studies to depict realistic situations and tasks. The main resource for the workshop
was the border inspectors manual and the training sessions were linked with particular sections of the
manual. A quiz and final assessment case study were used to assess participants learning and recap the
main issues covered. Daily evaluations were used to assess participant’s reaction to the training approach
as well as understand any problems that could be dealt with early. The workshop provided an opportunity
for participants to review the manual content. Sessions to facilitate this and feedback on suggested changes
were factored in. A field visits was made to observe practical inspection activities. An overall participant
evaluation was conducted at the end of the workshop.
The SmartFish trainer was assisted in the delivery of the workshop by Mr Paul Omani, Uganda and Tim
Phiri of Zambia whom were fish inspection procedures resource persons and trainers and Mr Henry
Nabbongo, Uganda who was responsible for the delivery of the MCS and legal sessions.
Border Inspectors Workshop
A five day training workshop was held at the Lake Kariba Inns Hotel, Siavonga, Zambia from 18 to 23rd
February 2013. The workshop itinerary is given as Annex 3. The workshop was attended by 25 border
inspectors from or those with such responsibilities from various border posts in Zambia, Zimbabwe,
Malawi, Tanzania as well as associated resource persons from Uganda and DRC. SmartFish Focal Points
from Tanzania, Zambia and DRC also attended as well as a representative from COMESA. The workshop
also co-facilitated by the SmartFish Trainer (author) and trainers from the Department of Fisheries, Uganda
and Zambia. The contact details of those who attended are given in Annex 4. The content of the workshop
was based on the
8
draft SmartFish Border Fish Inspectors manual which had recently been updated based on a pilot-training
workshop held in Jinja, Uganda in December 2012.
Day 1 began with an official opening by the District Commissioner of Siavonga and included a statement
by Mr Mainza Kalonga, the SmartFish Regional Representative. Mr Paul Omani, Team Leader and the
SmartFish trainer gave an overview of the workshop. Paired introductions were used as an ice breaker,
whereby participants identified someone they had not met or did not know well and interacted with them
for 10 minutes to find out a little bit about them. They then introduced each other to the group. The
Sm artFish trainer then introduced a working group task shown in Fig. 1 which required the participants to
develop a brief situation analysis of their respective countries/areas.
Fig. 1 Working Group Task Border Issues
BORDER ISSUES TASK
WORKING GROUPS OR INDIVIDUALLY,
PREPARE AN OVERVIEW OF SITUATION AT
YOUR BORDER POSTS DESCRIBING BRIEFLY:
1. FACILITIES & SERVICES AVAILABLE
2. EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE & NOT AVAILABLE!
3. PRODUCTS WHICH YOU DEAL WITH & METHODS/TYPES OF
TRANSPORT
4. QUANTITIES OF FISH / PRODUCTS
5. PROCEDURES & LEGISLATION
6. OTHER AGENCY ROLES
7. CHALLENGES FACED
Six groups were formed based on geography/language: northern Zambia, southern Zambia,
Uganda, Zimbabwe, Tanzania/DRC, and Malawi. The groups spent approximately 1 hour discussing
and preparing their responses before giving their 15 minute presentations followed by a short
discussion. The presentations are given as Annex 5. Mr Omani then gave an overview of the manual
contents and development. In preparation for day 2, participants were encouraged to read through and
prepare for the food safety and fish quality case study as shown in Annex 6. A daily evaluation was
conducted as a final activity.
Day 2 began with additional preparation of responses to the case study which is designed to
introduce key food safety and fish quality issues. Five working groups of participants were formed and
each spent 1.5 hrs working through the case study before each group made a presentation. Some of the
issues raised during the presentation session were:
9
Clarification that chilled temperature means -1 to +2oC
Importance of personal hygiene
Most food safety hazards fall into 3 categories
Ideal ice to fish ratio is 1:1
Food poisoning bacteria are not spoilage agents and vice versa
Try to use sensory analyses to establish fish quality to give systematic approach
Otherwise all the groups identified most of the issues shown in the matrix in Annex 6. The group was
then shown the recently produced SmartFish documentary on regional fish trade and border inspection.
This led to a further discussion on good and bad fish handling, trade and inspection practices. The
afternoon session began with a review of Section B which was then the focus of a quiz. Five groups
were asked to read through Section B (30 mins) which refers to the requirements of BFI in terms of
skills, knowledge and behaviour. The groups were then asked a series of 10 questions related to different
aspects of the section. The questions are shown in Annex 7. The teams scored 20, 20, 16, 14,and 13
respectively from a total mark of 25. The focus was then moved to MCS issues which began with a short
presentation (Annex 8) followed by a working group task as follows:
MCS is one of the key fisheries management tools that is used to reduce IUU fish. At your border post
identify activities that are associated with:
1) Monitoring (what, when, how and why)
2) Control (what, when, how and why)
3) Surveillance (what, when, how and why)
4) Identify key stakeholders that you cannot leave out in conducting / carrying out your MCS and give
reasons.
5) Develop management decisions and recommendations for a notorious border post associated with
IUU fish.
The participants worked in 3 groups with each group tackling 1, 2 or 3 and then all groups addressing
points 4 and 5. For the remainder of the day the groups worked on the task. Prior to the end of day
evaluation the 5 working groups formed for the food safety case study were allocated sections of the
manual to review.
Day 3 began with working groups finalising their MCS presentations. The 3 groups then made their
presentations with ensuing discussion. Many key points were raised and placed in the context of border
inspection. The presentations are included in Annex 9. Annex 10 is a guide for trainers to check whether
the key issues were identified by each group. Most of these issues were raised by the groups.
10
The Legal Trainer then conducted a discussion session on how to conduct an arrest. The role play hand-
out that accompanied the session is given as Annex 11. Three groups each addressed the task in
Annex 11 and produced a role play performance which was reviewed by the legal trainer. After
the 3 performances,
Importance of personal hygiene
Most food safety hazards fall into 3 categories
Ideal ice to fish ratio is 1:1
Food poisoning bacteria are not spoilage agents and vice versa
Try to use sensory analyses to establish fish quality to give systematic approach
Otherwise all the groups identified most of the issues shown in the matrix in Annex 6. The group was then
shown the recently produced SmartFish documentary on regional fish trade and border inspection. This led
to a further discussion on good and bad fish handling, trade and inspection practices. The afternoon
session began with a review of Section B which was then the focus of a quiz. Five groups were asked to
read through Section B (30 mins) which refers to the requirements of BFI in terms of skills, knowledge
and behaviour. The groups were then asked a series of 10 questions related to different aspects of the
section. The questions are shown in Annex 7. The teams scored 20, 20, 16, 14,and 13 respectively from a
total mark of 25. The focus was then moved to MCS issues which began with a short presentation (Annex
8) followed by a working group task as follows:
MCS is one of the key fisheries management tools that is used to reduce IUU fish. At your border post
identify activities that are associated with:
1) Monitoring (what, when, how and why)
2) Control (what, when, how and why)
3) Surveillance (what, when, how and why)
4) Identify key stakeholders that you cannot leave out in conducting / carrying out your MCS and give
reasons.
5) Develop management decisions and recommendations for a notorious border post associated with
IUU fish.
The participants worked in 3 groups with each group tackling 1, 2 or 3 and then all groups addressing
points 4 and 5. For the remainder of the day the groups worked on the task. Prior to the end of day
evaluation the 5 working groups formed for the food safety case study were allocated sections of the
manual to review.
Day 3 began with working groups finalising their MCS presentations. The 3 groups then made their
presentations with ensuing discussion. Many key points were raised and placed in the context of border
11
inspection. The presentations are included in Annex 9. Annex 10 is a guide for trainers to check whether
the key issues were identified by each group. Most of these issues were raised by the groups.
The Legal Trainer then conducted a discussion session on how to conduct an arrest. The role play handout
that accompanied the session is given as Annex 11. Three groups each addressed the task in Annex
11 and produced a role play performance which was reviewed by the legal trainer. After the 3
performances, feedback was provided to each group highlighting opportunities to strengthen arrest
procedures. Examples of previous cases were given to highlight what reasonable force is in terms of
arrests. Mr Phiri then gave a presentation on inspection procedures (Annex 12). This was followed by an
introduction to certification issues (Annex 13) and a case study. The remainder of the day was taken up
by the 5 groups reviewing particular sections of the manual. The day concluded with a daily evaluation
process.
Day 4 began with the 5 working groups continuing to review their particular sections of the manual and
prepare feedback regarding the certification case study. Each group first provided feedback on the
certificates they were given to examine. The groups were thorough and identified all of the discrepancies
expected. The focus then moved to feedback on the manual. Each group provided a summary of the key
comments on the manual and then detailed written feedback was provided. This written feedback is
provided as Annex 14.
Producing a good written statement, in terms of the prosecution of a trader who has committed an
offence and has been arrested was the focus of the next session. A case study for working groups was the
main technique used. This is presented as Annex 15 along with an example of how the statement should
be prepared. Each group presented their statement and these were reviewed by the legal specialist in
plenary.
The first part of Day 5 was devoted to a field visit to observe fish inspection procedures related to a
nearby border crossing. A handout to guide participants during the visit is given as Annex 16. The aim was
to first visit the packing area of Lake Harvest, a large tilapia farm in Zimbabwe, and observe the inspection
process carried out by Zimbabwean border inspectors. Then follow the vehicle and consignment into
Zambia and observe procedures at the border posts. It was assumed that all the necessary preparations had
been made and arrangements made with immigration officials on both sides of the border. On reaching the
Zimbabwe border however the group were requested to observe unexpected and long winded immigration
practicalities which also would incur visa costs. A decision was made to wait for the consignment at the
border instead. The group waited for 2.5 hours for the vehicle having been given 2 likely arrival times for
the vehicle, only to be told that we would need to wait another 1.5 hours. At this point a decision was
made to return to the workshop venue and continue with the rest of the programme. The next session
was focussed on recapping and assessing participant’s knowledge. Participants were divided into 5
groups. The first part of the session was a quiz (10 questions) and this was followed by a case study as
shown in Annex 17. Each group was given 1.5 hours to prepare a written response to the tasks in the case
study. The facilitators assessed the group responses and combined the marks with that of the quiz to give
an overall mark for each group. The results ranged from 57% to 67%. The trainer contributed 1000 KW as
prize money for the activity as a morale booster. Improvements were noted by the facilitators in the
assessment results as compared to similar activities undertaken during the workshop sessions indicating a
degree of learning had been achieved.
12
Before the closing ceremony and issuing of certificates, an overall evaluation was carried out to seek
participant’s feedback. The results are presented in Annex 18. In summary, the majority of participants felt
the workshop was good to excellent. The field visit was understandably not given positive feedback.
Some participants expected to spend more time reviewing the manual. Others wrongly felt that
elements of the manual and workshop were not relevant to border inspectors, such as making an arrest
and statement. A key influence on morale during the week was the per diem given to participants,
which was felt by those from outside Zambia to be too low and less than that given in similar
workshops in Kitwe and Jinja. There was a suggestion by some participants that this may influence the
long term interest in adopting and implementing the harmonised manual. In terms of ideas for the next
workshop, the following were suggested:
Provide manuals in advance so these could be read beforehand
More careful selection process to ensure the right participants attend
More time to review the manual
Provide an adequate per diem and inform participants in advance what this is
Other comments captured in the evaluation include:
Appreciated the experience shared with other countries
Good learning process for countries introducing fish inspection
It has been so nice and appreciate nice travel arrangement
Thanks I have learnt a lot from this workshop
Two workshops attended were outstanding and should continue
Region still needs more of such similar trainings
Allow all countries to do presentation not only one country in this case Uganda was dominating the
workshop
The workshop closing was conducted by the Focal Point and Director of Fisheries. Some photographs
from the workshop are included as Annex 19. As well as certificates, participants also received 2 t-shirts, a
cap and flash disk containing the video shown on day 2 and most of the presentations and working group
activities.
13
Conclusions
A 5 day training workshop for border fish inspectors in harmonised procedures was held in Siavonga,
Zambia. The workshop was attended by 25 border inspectors from various border posts in Zambia,
Zimbabwe, Malawi, Tanzania as well as associated resource persons from Uganda and DRC. SmartFish
Focal Points from Tanzania, Zambia and DRC also attended as well as a representative from COMESA.
The workshop also co-facilitated by the SmartFish Trainer (author) and trainers from the Department of
Fisheries, Uganda and Zambia.
The training approach focused on learning by doing and relied primarily on working group activities, case
studies and plenary discussion. Technical presentations were kept to a minimum with the main resource
for the workshop was the border inspectors manual and the training sessions were linked with particular
sections of the manual. As well as training sessions participants were given the opportunity to review
sections of the manual. Their feedback will be used by Mr Omani in the further revision of the manual.
The results of a final assessment process ranged from 57% to 67%. Improvements were noted by the
facilitators in the assessment results as compared to the results of similar activities undertaken during
the workshop sessions indicating a degree of learning had been achieved. The evaluation indicates that
participants rated the training approach and sessions as good to excellent although the field visit was
unsuccessful due to unexpected immigration requirements at the Zimbabwe border.
Some participants expected to spend more time reviewing the manual. Perhaps the objective was not clear
beforehand? Others wrongly felt that elements of the manual and workshop were not relevant to
border inspectors, such as making an arrest and statement. An influence on the morale during the week
was the per diem given to participants, which was felt by those from outside Zambia to be too low and less
than that given in similar previous workshops. There was a suggestion by some participants that this
may influence the interest in adopting and implementing the harmonised manual.
Comments in the evaluation included:
Appreciated the experience shared with other countries
Good learning process for countries that are introducing fish inspection
It has been so nice and appreciate nice travel arrangement
Thanks I have learnt a lot from this workshop
Two workshops attended were outstanding and should continue
Region still needs more of such similar trainings
Allow all countries to do presentation not only one country in this case Uganda was dominating the
workshop
14
The workshop helped to refine the training approach and materials to train inspectors in the content of the
harmonized border inspector’s manual. The facilitator from Uganda dealing with MCS and legal issues
gained in confidence as the week progressed and became more familiar with the participatory style of
learning being promoted.
It is recommended that a next workshop would see:
Manuals provided in advance to participants so these could be read beforehand
More careful participant selection process to ensure the right participants attend
An adequate per diem is provided and participants are informed of this in advance
15
Annex 1Terms of reference
As Fisheries Quality/Hygiene Training Specialist, Mr. Ward will carry out the duties outlined in the dossier already dispatched to him and whose contents he
declares to know (i.e. Terms of Reference). Mr. Ward will be responsible, with the
support of the Team Leader and in particular of the Trade Expert, for the delivery of Training to Trainers. in Fish Quality/Hygiene to two countries (Kenya
and Malawi) and provide a Pilot training for Border Inspectors in one country. Here below are the tasks as indicated in the ToR:
•!• Delivery of Training
1. Facilitate and contribute as lead trainer to two regional training-of-trainers workshops (5 days) for national trainers from two countries in conjunction with national trainers for approximately 20 community level trainers to equip community trainers with skills and knowledge to train beneficiaries (fishermen, processors, traders etc.) in better quality and handling practices for fish; 2. Development of plans for follow-on local level training in each country at
community level; 3. Development of training materials required to deliver components of the Border Inspectors training, based on the newly developed Border Inspectors manual;
4. Contribute as leader quality and hygiene trainer to the implementation of pilot Border Inspectors' training in 1 country (Uganda) for approximately 10-15 Border Inspectors from 1 or 2 countries who will attend the pilot training.
•!• Report Writing Preparation of final report following the training. In particular the Expert shall
produce a report demonstrating the work done, namely: a) Delivery of training workshops 2 x Quality and Hygiene b) Delivery of training 1 x Border inspectors.
Mr. Ward must prepare the mission report(s) in accordance with EC standards using the Logframe approach and following the indications provided in the ToR.
The mission report(s) will be delivered to the project Team Leader and to AGROTEC to whom he will refer for all the tasks assigned to him. I t is to be
noted that the expert should complete his mission draft report prior to his
departure in order to discuss and present the draft report and de-briefing with IOC and Stakeholder representative.
16
Annex 2 People met & itinerary
Date
Location
Name and Title
Remarks/Activities
15/02/13 UK Depart UK
16/02/13 Lusaka, Zambia Arrive Zambia
Workshop preparation 17/02/13 Lusaka/Siavonga Mr. Chris Short , Business & Trade Specialist, PMU
SmartFish Project, Quatre Bornes, Mauritius.Tel: +230 250 7180
mr.chrisshort@gmail.com
Claudia Laguette, Secretary, Indian Ocean Commission –Project Smartfish, Sir Guy Forget,Quatre Bornes, Mauritius, Tel:(230) 4276502, Email: claudia.laguette@coi-ioc.org
Mr. Paul Omanyi Bwire, Senior Fisheries Inspector, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Department of Fisheries Resources. Tel: +256 772630661 Email: paulomanyi@yahoo.co.uk
Tim Phiri, Head of Training, Department of Fisheries.
Tel: +260977826232
Email: tim_phiri2005@yahoo.com
Travel to Siavonga
Briefing meeting
Workshop preparation
18/02/13 Siavonga Various Workshop Participants (see Annex 4) Workshop
19/02/13 Siavonga Various Workshop Participants (see Annex 4) Workshop
20/02/13 Siavonga Various Workshop Participants (see Annex 4) Workshop
21/02/13 Siavonga Various Workshop Participants (see Annex 4) Workshop
22/02/13 Siavonga Various Workshop Participants (see Annex 4) Workshop
23/02/13 Siavonga Various Workshop Participants (see Annex 4) Workshop
Report writing 24/02/13 Lusaka Report writing
Depart Zambia via
17
Date
location
Name and Title
Remarks/Activities
Nairobi
19/12/12 UK Arrive UK
18
Annex 3 Workshop itinerary
ZAMBIA BORDER INSPECTORS REGIONAL TRAINING WORKSHOP, LAKE KARIBA INNS, SIAVONGA:
DRAFT AGENDA
Timing Mon 18th Facilitation 8.00 Opening, workshop introduction
9.00 Fisheries Trade Overview Ansen
9.30 Border Issues Working group task –
national groups
Ansen.
12.30 Lunch
13.30 Introduction to manual Paul
14.00 Food safety case study Ansen/Tim
17.00 Daily evaluation
18.00 Admin & closing
Timing Tues 19th Comments 8.30 Food safety case study contd. Ansen/Tim
10.00 Food safety documentary Paul
11.30 Skills & knowledge quiz Ansen/Tim
12.30 Lunch
13.30 MCS working group task Henry/Paul
18.00 Daily evaluation & closing
Timing Wed 20th Comments 8.30 Making an arrest – presentation and
case study
Henry
12.30 Lunch
19
13.30 Inspection procedures Tim 18.00 Daily evaluation & closing
Timing Thurs 21st Comments 8.30 Certification & document case study Paul
12.30 Lunch
13.30 Preparing a statement & working
group activity
Henry
16.45 Daily evaluation & closing
Timing Day 5 Comments 8.30 Field visit – Kariba dborder
12.30 Lunch
13.30 Assessment quiz Ansen
14.30 Assessment case study Ansen
17.00 Evaluation Ansen
17.30 Closing & certificates
17
Annex 4 Workshop participants
N o
Country Participants Title Border post
Emails
1 Tanzania Marwa Nyakorema Beatrice
Senior Fish Inspector Kigoma post
beatricemarwa@yahoo.co m
2 (5) Mairi Julius Paul Dir. Fisheries Officer Focal Point jmairi2003@yahoo.com
3 Lulela Bakari Rashid
Fish Inspector Kasanga - L.Tanganyi ka
bakarilulela@yahoo.com
4 Cathbet Mohamed Raphael
Fish Inspector Kipili post - L Tanganyika
5 Ndosi Eliakunda Jonasi
Fishery Inspector Kasumulo post,
eliandossi@yahoo.com
6 DRC (2) Koffi Mulumba N'Kelenda Casimir
Fishery Inspector Focal Point
7 Nakazadi Kabongo Godelieve
Fishery Inspector
8 Zambia Samwaka Sambiana
Fishery Inspector Nakonde
9 (10) Patrick Mwiya Nawa
Fishery Inspector Chirundu
10 Johnstone Blessings Mfula
Fishery Inspector Kasumbale sa
11 Danbur Hambizhi Fishery Inspector Mwami
12 Thomas Phiri Fishery Inspector Mpulungu
13 Meebelo Wamulume
Fishery Inspector Kariba
18
14 Timothy Phiri Fishery Inspector HQ Chilanga
15 Moses Katongo Fishery Inspector Sesheke
16 Peter Bunongo Fisheries Assistant Chirrundu
17 Mweetwa Kalapa
18 Malawi Khumbanyiwa Davison Daniel
Fishery Inspector HQ, Lilongwe
khumbanyiwadavie@gmai l.com
19 (5) Kantombera Jamitone
Fishery Inspector Songwe Border Post
kjamitone@yahoo.com
20 Makanjira Alex Stand
Fishery Inspector Mchinji Border
alexstamac@gmail.com
21 Chale Thomson Edwin
Fishery Inspector Mwanza Border Post
charliethomson72@yahoo .com
22 Muyereka Robert Katikafwe
Fishery Inspector Dedza Border Post
chamvekaj@yahoo.com
23 Zimbabwe Chimbo Jeffrey Godfree
Fishery Inspector fjeffreygodfreechimbo@y ahoo.com
24 (5) Dube Florence Fishery Inspector Victoria Falls
maflode@yahoo.com
25 Turikirayi Clay Fishery Inspector Kariba clydeturi@gmail.com
26 Nyagumbo Linet Fishery Inspector linetmydee@yahoo.com
27 Jamu Robert Fishery Inspector jamurobert@gmail.com
28 Uganda Mugabi Innocent Andrew
Fishery Inspector Entebbe mugabii@yahoo.com
29 (3) Baluku Julius Fishery Inspector Kasese- Entebbe
Juliusbaluku@yahoo.co.u k
30 Nabbongo Henry Fishery Inspector Entebbe nabbongohenry@yahoo.c om
19
31 IRFS Ansen Ward Trainer ansenward@hotmail.com
32 IRFS Chris Short Trade Key Expert chris.short@>coi-ioc.org
33 IRFS Paul Omanyi Trainer (;!auloman i@ ahoo.co.uk
36 Comesa Milton Nkhoma
20
Annex 5 Border inspectors day 1 working group presentations
COUNTRY Insufficient PRESENTATION: TANZANIA Tanzania has about 21 border posts which are
officially established
AVAILABILITY/UNAVAILABILITY OF FACILITIES &
SERVICES
Facilities available Electricity is available to some border posts while
others do not have access to electricity. The
availability is about 60%
Office: office is available for about 30% but
majority of fish inspections offices are
shared/hosted by other government institutions
Roads are available to some posts by 70%, while
other means of transport is through water ways by
boats and ship services.
Airports: are available to very few border posts.
The availability is about 3%
Transport availability: vehicles area available to
some border posts by 60%, Vehicles are available
to some border posts by 60%, boats area available
to some border posts by 70% and motorbikes are
available by 70%
Laboratory: One Fisheries National accredited
laboratory is used by the nearby border posts;
Tanzania Bureau of Standards, Processing plants
have internal checks (labs), TFDA, Tanzania Atomic
energy Commission.
National Inspection Guide is available though it
needs the review to have a specific to meet all
product levels.
Inspection identity Cards are available
Handling & storage facilities are available by 5%
Spring balance available in some posts
Equipment Not available
Accommodation in some posts
Fish storages at border posts
Weighing Scales
Thermometers Scanners machine No Laboratories at borders Inspection kits (only available by 3%)
FISH & FISH PRODUCT THE COUNTRY DEALS WITH:-
Chilled and Frozen product are exported to
European market by Flights Smoked products are exported to East & Central
Africa through steam services, boats and roads Sundried products are exported to East & Central
Africa through steam services, boats and roads Salted products are exported to DR Congo,
Rwanda, Sudan and Angola
Aquarium: about more than 50 species are
exported to European, American, South African
markets by flights.
Fish Maws are exported to Asia by flights Live crabs and Lobsters are exported to Asia by
Flights
21
Sea weeds are exported to Asia
QUANTITY OF THE FISH PRODUCTS EXPORTED:
Data from 2000 to 2011 indicate that
Fish products exported as food is 533,581.1 tones
(total exports through various posts)
Aquarium fish exported is 411, 585 pieces
SUMMARY OF PROCEDURES AND LEGISLATION
USED FOR FISH INSPECTION
Acquisition of Fisheries Export License after
compliance with regulation
Acquisition of Sanitary Certificates (which Indicates
Scientific names of the fish product, Type of the
Product, Quantity and status of product quality as
well as destination)
Export royalty, OTHER STAKE HOLDERS/AGENCIES COLLABORATED
WITH AND THEIR ROLES:
Customs – they are providing Single bills of Entry,
check the validity of the revenue documents and
provide Release Order of the Consignments.
Police & Court in case of prosecution procedures
undertakings
Immigration TFDA
Ministry of Health
CHALLENGES FISH INSPECTORS DO FACE:-
Insufficient funding
Insufficient Fish inspectors
Insufficient handling & storage facilities Unavailability of some mentioned facilities Language barrier as far as documents used against
the users (Fish traders)
Lack of motivation to Border fish inspectors Political interferences Illegal fish products exported via uncontrolled
outlets routes.
Lack of fund to conduct research to explore the
extent of UUI
Presentation on the situation of border inspection
points in Uganda.
Facilities and services available 10 border posts that handle export of fish products,
and one international airport
Facilities and services at the border points Offices (70 %) . Fish Storage (airport) Fish
quarantine (airport)
Sanitary (50% and airport)
All weather roads (100 %)
Water (50%)
Electricity (100%)
Motorcycles (40%)
22
Equipments
Equipment available
Tape measures
Weighing scales
Thermometers
Equipments not available Office
Communication
Laboratory
Products and methods of transport Processed fish products (Nile perch, Tilapia,
Mukene/ silver fish, Bagrus docmac, Hydrocunus,
protopterus aethiopicus, mumerus kanume,
cynodontis carpio)
Fresh (Tilapia, Bagrus docmac, protopterus
aethiopicus)
Method of transport Aircrafts (international markets)
Trucks
Motorcycles Bicycles
Wheel barrows
Foot
Boats (L. Albert)
Quantities of fish products
Quantities that are exported to regional markets
per week
Processed products 320 3 MT.
Fresh 12 MT. Annual exports to the international market is 23.9
MT worth 119,000 M Us D through airport Procedures and legislation Procedures Inspections and clearance Legal procedures (in case of none conformity)
Legislation
Fish act 2000, chapter 197 (laws of Uganda) Standard operating procedures of MCS
Other agencies Uganda revenue Authority Police Court
Immigration
Ministry of health
Internal security offices
Challenges
Political interference Insufficient communication services
Insufficient office facilities and equipment
Insufficient staff to man the border posts
Insufficient handling and storage facilities
Trade in immature fish.
23
Fragmented consignments after main inspection
(Bwera border)
TEAM ZIMBABWE COUNTRY REPORT – BORDER ISSUES
18th to 23rd February, 2013
NATIONAL FLAG
INTRODUCTION
Zimbabwe is land locked country. Population – Approx 13million
Sharing borders with: SA, MOZ, BOT, ZAM.
We have a total of 24 land and air ports of entry
and exit.
Out of the 24 only 9 are currently officially
functioning
Zimbabwe provides the link between the southern
and northern Africa.
One aquaculture – one of the largest such facility in
Africa
FACILITIES AND SERVICES Decentralized ISO 17025 accredited laboratories in
4 provinces. Fish inspection services available at all functional
border posts
PE of trucks at the border PE of product
RESOURCES AVAILABLE
Competent personnel
ISO 17020 Port health inspection procedures
EQUIPMENT NOT AVAILABLE
Cold room facilities
Office equipment and accommodation Basic inspection equipment e.g. data logger,
thermometers to mention but a few
Inspection slabs
Incinerators
Transportation
PRODUCTS Tilapia – Zimbabwe to other countries –
500MT/month Cat fish – Malawi – 30MT/month
Sardines – Thailand – 150MT/month
Pilchards – Thailand - 150MT/month
Mackerel – Namibia – 1000MT/month
Kapenta – Moza – 200MT/month
Red bream – China – 50MT/month Prawns – Moza – 30MT/month Crabs – Moza – 30MT/month
24
Fish meal – Nam, Australia, India – 200MT/month
METHODS AND TYPES OF TRANSPORTATION
Mostly by road and sometimes air
Refrigerated trucks Break bulk
Procedures & Legislation ISO 17020 IPs
SI 57 of 1989 Exportation and Importation of
Veterinary Products SI 369 of 1998 Fish and Fish Products
SI 50 of 1995
Public Health Act (15:09)
CODEX
OTHER AGENCY ROLES
MoH – confirmation of diseases of PH concern Customs - duty calculation and revenue EMA – environmental protection Security agency – enforce law and order.
SAZ – Conformity to product specifications
National Parks & Wildlife
CHALLENGES Lack of infrastructure and resources
Porosity of the borders – Fish smuggling
Role conflict
Duplication of activities
Outdated legal statutes
ICT challenges.
25
26
27
31
Annex 6 Food safety and quality case study
CASE STUDY: FISH QUALITY AND SAFETY
PARTICIPANTS READ SECTION 3.1 C pages 41 – 43, 4.1.4 pages 130 – 136, Annex 10 p 156
DESCRIPTION OF EVENTS AND SCENE: FRESH FISH
A white Toyota open backed pick up carrying baskets of fresh fish approaches the border crossing. The
driver stops the vehicle in the street some 100 m from the inspection checkpoint and enters a restaurant to
have breakfast. At the landing site where the fish was bought and packed some ice was applied. In all there
are 10 baskets of fish and about two baskets of ice was used with the ice was spread on top of the fish in
each basket. Old and dirty plastic sheets have been used to cover the fish.
A number of passengers who have been riding on the back of the vehicle climb down and walk across the
border to wait for the vehicle on the other side. Some of them take their luggage with them, others leave
their bags and produce in the back of the pickup. The produce includes two live goats and several chickens
as well as 2 baskets of potatoes.
After 1.5 hours the driver emerges from the restaurant and drives the vehicle up to the border crossing. The
intention is to take the fish to a market some 10 hours drive across the other side of the border.
An inspection of fish reveals that much of the ice has already melted and water and fluids are dripping from
the back of the vehicle. There are some large pieces of ice remaining. The baskets appear to be old and
piled on top of each other at the front. There are a large number of flies swarming around the baskets.
Several fish are taken from a middle level basket and assessed for quality. The fish are soft and the eyes are
cloudy. The gills are brown in colour. A temperature recording shows fish on the top of a basket to be
between 10 and 15oC and those in the middle slightly warmer. The vehicle itself has a strong fish odour and
does not appear to have been cleaned for some time. As well as fish, goats and vegetables there are also two
plastic containers full of spare fuel in the back.
TASK
a) Because of what you have seen you are obliged to caution the driver and explain the potential food safety
hazards and bad practices you have noted and explain why these practices are dangerous.
b) Prepare what you are going to say to the driver and include advice as to what can be done to handle and
transport fish according to best practices.
32
KEY POINTS FROM CASE STUDY EXPECTED FROM GROUPS
GROUP 1 2 3 4 5
Time temperature abuse…..driver stops
for breakfast leading to quality
deterioration
Poor icing practice…low ratio and large
pieces plus only applied to surface of fish
Old plastic sheets pose contamination
risk…and perhaps physical hazard as bits
of plastic may cling to fish
Passengers & animals pose
contamination risk ---biological hazard
and food safety risk
Vegetables can contain clostridium
botulinum…serious food safety hazard
Open backed vehicle not conducive to
carrying chilled fresh food due to
temperature abuse and risk of
contamination
Fish quality poor
Physical damage… baskets… increasing
spoilage…
Fish temperature too high…
Flies…source of contamination…
33
GROUP 1 2 3 4 5
Unclean vehicle…source
of contamination…
Fuel---source of chemical
contamination…
34
Annex 7 Section B quiz
QUIZ – SECTION B
1. An inspector should have basic knowledge and/or skills of a number of things in order for them to do
their job properly….give 5 of these things…
Relevant laws, Regulations and Standards;
Potential Hazards in fish and feed production, processing and distribution chains based on HACCP
Principles; Fish processing operations, food microbiology and food biochemistry;
Prerequisite programs such as GHP / GMP, SSOP;
Properties and use of cleaning and sanitizing
compounds; Auditing and Inspection techniques;
Legal proceedings / Prosecution; Certification procedures; Examination of written, documentary material and other records, including those related to laboratory
testing results, which may be relevant to the assessment of compliance of a consignment with feed or fish
requirements; Assessment of non-compliance with feed and food law (when, where, what, who & how)
understanding contravention of the law; Making an arrest and preparing a case for prosecution. 2. True of false…a fish inspector needs to be well trained and keep their knowledge up to date. True 3. Apart from adequate pay for officers, give 3 anti-corruption practices that inspectors should abide
by… I. Regular rotation of inspection duties II. Combined inspection missions (two or more inspectors) III. Specific training regarding corruption and corruption avoidance IV. Periodic declaration and transparency of personal assets and incomes V. No gifts to be accepted VI. Prohibition of external employment unless approved by the Competent Authority VII. Declaration of interests of family member
35
4. It is good practice to discuss the results of an inspection and information related to a
particular business with family and friends….True or false False 5. Give 5 examples of corrupt practices to avoid..
Receiving payments (in cash or kind) for approval of consignments to pass across borders;
Fraudulent issuance of any documentation required for cross border trade
“Sampling” of products for personal use or gain;
Allowing a consignment of immature fish to pass across a border;
Alteration of charges due to influence peddling;
Allowing unlicensed fish traders to import or export consignments of fish and fishery products;
Alteration of measurements or sample results in exchange for money or gifts.
6. Give 3 examples of conflict of interests…
Entering into a business relationship with fishery business operators (e.g. consultancy/training
contracts, hold shares in fish processing plants or trading operations);
Investing in fishery sector activities e.g. fish processing, fish trade, sale of fishing gears;
Requiring official control tests to be carried out in a laboratory in which the Competent Authority has a
financial interest and where the independence of a decision or judgement could be compromised for
financial gain;
Seeking employment for relatives in fishery business operators/fish traders;
Supplying fish and other ingredients to fishery business operators.
7. What is the primary role of a border fish inspector? “to assess the food safety and quality conditions of the product and documentation against the legal
requirements (Regulations, standards, guidelines, and recommendations). Based on the findings, the
inspector is expected to take appropriate action(s) to prevent harm to the consumer especially when
conditions evidently do not meet the requirements.”
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8. An inspector should conduct training and sensitise key stakeholders….true or false True 9. In particular circumstances where an inspector has concerns regarding the safety of a consignment of smoked fish, they should not apply the precautionary principle…true or false False 10. Give 5 powers of a fish inspector…
I. Enter, inspect and search, at any reasonable time, any vessel, vehicle, fish processing
establishment, or any place where fish are kept or stored.
II. Seize any fish or fish product that is unfit for human consumption, diseased or otherwise
contaminated; or any fish, fish product, vessel, vehicle, equipment or gear used in the commission of
the offence or anything that can serve as evidence in proving the commission of the offence.
III. Cause arrest of any offender who contravenes the requirement for safety and quality of fish or fishery
product, or any other contravention of the legislation.
IV. Destroy or otherwise render harmless any fish or fishery product which he or she has reasonable
grounds to believe is unfit for human consumption, diseased or otherwise contaminated; or, in certain
circumstances, due to its perishable nature, any fish or fish product that was seized.
V. Take samples of any fish or fishery product for purposes of verification of the products. (Suspicion,
food safety alert notifications, product recalls, disease outbreaks e.g. cholera outbreaks; Hepatitis;
radioactive contamination, chemical contamination due to mining activities, Industrial waste pollution
etc.);
VI. Take appropriate samples of non-fishery items such as water, microbial swabs, ingredients etc.
to verify compliance with regulations;
VII. Reject entry/import or exit/export of fish and fish products and which he or she has
reasonable grounds to believe is unfit for human consumption, diseased or otherwise contaminated;
VIII. Cancel sanitary health certificate upon rejection of a consignment as;
IX. Advise the Head of the Competent Authority or line manager on all matters concerning controls in fish and fish products in accordance the law
37
Annex 8 MCS presentation
Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS)
@SiavongaLake Kaliba Inn
Zambia(18th-23rd/Feb 2013
Nabbongo Henry
nabbongohenry@gmail .com
+256772656004 MCS
Fisheries Monitoring, Control and Surveillance
(MCS) is a key component of the fisheries
management process
MCS is the mechanism for implementation of
agreed policies, plans or strategies for water bodies
and fisheries management
The absence of MCS operations renders a fisheries
management scheme incomplete and ineffective
The rapid depletion of key fish stocks require more
effective control over fishing activities and the
movement of fish products especially across border
points
Illegal fishing has been recognized as one of the
greatest threats to lake and River ecosystems and
the communities which depend on them
MCS A new emphasis on effective MCS methods with
increased cooperation among nations has been
stressed in the international instruments
Many of these instruments i.e the International
Plan of Action to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing
identify many tools states can employ to combat
illegal fishing and urge strengthened MCS capacity
MCS
MCS is a specialized branch of fisheries
management
MCS
Effective MCS involves:
the purpose is to increase compliance with
fisheries Rules and Regulations by stakeholders and
thus contribute to sustainable exploitation of fish
stocks
MCS aims at increasing the level of compliance
with fishery Rules and Regulations.
MCS
prevention deterrence
The preventive approach encourages "voluntary
compliance" through understanding and support
for the management strategies
Increased compliance can be obtained through
changing practices of fishers and also through their
voluntary surrender of illegal gear.
38
MCS Preventive approaches does not require the use of
force but are targeted at
raising awareness of fisheries rules and regulations
sensitizing people to change behaviors,
providing information to the community,
operationalizing processes to give fish transporters
a voice in the formulation of regulations,
MCS Examples of activities for preventive MCS
informal visits to the border posts
informal group discussions- fish traders
formal visits/meetings
awareness raising materials (posters, radio talk
shows, paintings, print media)
The parallel approach of deterrent/enforcement
MCS is necessary to ensure compliance by fishers
who resist adhering to the regulatory regime.
MCS Deterrence and enforcement include
inspection
investigation
prevention and
court proceedings to enforce the law
Voluntary compliance will be compromised if
stakeholders see non-compliant fishers successfully
evading the law and receiving economic returns
from their illegal activity, at the expense of the
fishers who comply with all requirements.
MCS tools Key tools for MCS can include: an appropriate participatory management plan
developed with stakeholder input;
enforceable legislation and control mechanisms
(licenses, permits, mesh sizes etc.); data collection systems – border post monitoring
and inspections.
supporting communications systems; patrol vessels and vehicles capable of extended
operations to remain at sea with the fishing fleets;
aircraft available for rapid deployment to efficiently
search large areas;
MCS tools… use, where appropriate, of new technology(
satellite, video, infra-red tracking, etc.); linked, land-based monitoring; support of the industry and fish traders; bilateral, sub regional and regional cooperation
with other MCS components e.g LVFO and,
professional staff
39
MCS The expense of MCS activities is often a primary
concern of any government designing and
implementing an MCS system
A civilian approach to deterrent fisheries
enforcement has proven to be the most cost-
effective and responsive to fisheries priorities
Use of civilian assets also minimizes the political
sensitivity of international fisheries incidents by
avoiding the use of military equipment and
personnel
MCS For many governments the military can play a
significant supporting role in a strong MCS system
The key for such governments is to establish an
inter-agency mechanism enables fisheries
administrators to call upon their military
counterparts as and when needed
MCS Spatial components There are three main spatial components to MCS:
land, sea and air Proper configuration varies by situation and
depends on cost, commitment, and organizational
structure (national, sub-regional or regional)
The land component of an MCS system serves as
the base of operations, the co-ordination centre for
all MCS activities, and entails border point
inspections, and the monitoring of transhipments
and trade in fish products
MCS spatial components MCS at sea includes activities undertaken in marine
areas under the jurisdiction of a State and may also
cover high seas areas
Technology can include radar, sonar and vessel
platforms
Physical presence through at Border points patrols
is a fundamental MCS component as it is necessary
for arresting violators and securing evidence
The air component covers the air and space
equipment (aircraft, satellites, etc.) and the
flexibility, speed and deterrence of these tools
make them very popular
MCS spatial components Recent developments in MCS have seen the
growing influence of Vessel Monitoring Systems
(VMS)
The introduction of very reliable satellite
communications systems and the complementary
development of Global Positioning Systems (GPS)
enabled fishing vessels to automatically report
their positions to management authorities at
predetermined intervals or when requested
MCS spatial components The initial introduction of these technologies has
been directed at the enforcement role of MCS
increasingly scientists and managers are realizing
the potential of better communications for their
objectives
40
This increased role in real time information from
fishing vessels of supplementary data (catch
reporting, fishing activities, analysis of catch) has
been termed Integrated Fisheries Monitoring (IFM).
MCS Growing concern over global security and
awareness of activity in the marine
environment has also influenced MCS programmes Organized crime has made in-roads into fisheries
The MCS cycle Monitoring
Monitoring includes the collection, measurement
and analysis of fish data including, but not limited
to: species composition, method of processing,
quality and quantity of fish mode of transport, area
of operations, etc
This information is the primary data that fisheries
managers use to arrive at management decisions
If this information is unavailable, inaccurate or
incomplete, managers will be handicapped in
developing and implementing management
measures
Monitoring Monitoring provides the baseline information for
MCS and is the information source used to develop
the control regime
Therefore Border Fisheries Inspectors should
collect data on all fish consignments that enter and
leave border posts of their jurisdiction
This will include but not limited to:
Weight in tons or kgs Sizes of fish, especially those species like Nile perch
and tilapia that are regulated by size.
Main fish species Monitoring Forms of fish (frozen, chilled, smoked, sundried,
salted and canned)
Number and types of fishing gear e.g. Gillnets,
monofilaments nets, hooks, etc.
Engine horse power Licenses and permits verified.
Control Control involves the specification of the terms and
conditions under which resources can be harvested
These specifications are normally contained in
national fisheries legislation and other
arrangements
The legislation provides the basis for which
fisheries management arrangements, via MCS, are
implemented
Framework legislation should clearly state the
management measures being implemented and
define the requirements and prohibitions that will
be enforced
Control This component establishes and agrees the
management measures which are to be
used/enforced in the surveillance component.
41
Surveillance Border Fisheries Inspectors should know the
regionally agreed measures on certain fish species
(e.g. the minimum size of Nile perch whole fish is
20 inches while Tilapia is 11 inches and this is a
control measure adopted by the LVFO for the three
riparian states that share Lake Victoria)
Control
Certain fishing gear (i.e monofilament nets, hooks less than 9 inches,
and cast nets, trawlers are prohibited fishing gear
in inland waters)
Border Fisheries Inspectors should also understand
the required minimum documents that a fish
trader and consignment of fish should have (e.g.
import/export permits, certificates of origin,
sanitary certificates and transit permits)
Surveillance Surveillance involves the supervision of fishing
activity to ensure that national legislation and
terms, conditions of access and management
measures are observed
This activity is critical to ensure that resources are
not over exploited, poaching is minimized and
management arrangements are implemented
The surveillance activity feeds back information
into the monitoring system which may then be
used to change control component – the system is
cyclical.
Border Fisheries Inspector may need to engage
with other enforcement institutions like police to
control IUU which are common among border
posts
When Border Fisheries Inspector has reasonable
grounds to believe that a violation has been
committed under relevant laws, or other applicable
legislation, s/he shall conduct investigations and
gather evidence to determine the facts of the
alleged violation
If the violation concerns the immediate safety of
the product, the case will be referred to the head
of the CA for appropriate action.
Surveillance The following criteria may be considered to
determine fish traders’ compliance: The offender’s history of compliance with the
legislation; Demonstrated willingness to achieve compliance;
Evidence of corrective action already taken;
The intention to correct non-compliance; and The severity of the risk related to food safety
Implementation of MCS
To achieve meaningful implementation of MCS at
border posts, Border Fisheries Inspectors need to
be trained in MCS
This provides a basis for regionally harmonized
training for fisheries enforcement officers in MCS
42
To provide Border Fisheries Inspectors with the
necessary technical knowledge and skills to
perform these duties in a professional manner to a
regionally agreed standard
Shared enforcement actions
In the event that the enforcement capability of
Border Fisheries Inspectors is limited like in case of
serious non-compliance by an establishment or fish
trader, this shall be coordinated with the CA and
other relevant key enforcement intuitions for
appropriate regulatory action
The following are the actions which shall be taken
to achieve compliance for violation(s) of fish
regulations and other applicable legislation:
Warnings
A written warning is given when the non-
compliance is not addressed, or is likely to result in
significant hazard or serious harm
The significant or serious harm would include
health or safety risks, or fraud. The written warning
must contain the following information:
the section(s) of the Fisheries Regulation and other
relevant national Regulations violated;
summary of the facts and a description of the
violation;
the time limit within which the establishment or
fish trader must comply with the warning; and
clear statement that if the warning is not
responded to or there are repeated violations,
alternative enforcement action will be taken.
Detention of fish
Border Fisheries inspector may detain the fish by
attaching to the fish or to a container or carton of
fish a numbered tag upon which shall be clearly
written
(a) the word "held"; (b) an identification number; (c) a brief description of the lot detained;
(d) the date; and
(e) the signature of the inspector
Rejection of entry Seizure and disposal of fish consignments If an inspector believes, on reasonable grounds,
that an offence has been committed the inspector
may seize all fish and containers
Including transport vessels and vehicles All fish consignments seized under above
conditions shall be detained for a period not
exceeding two months following the day of
seizure, unless during that period proceedings
under the law in respect of consignments are
undertaken, in which case the consignment may
be further detained until the proceedings are
finally concluded
43
Seizure and disposal of fish consignments If a person is convicted of an offence, the fish and
containers by means of or in relation to which the
offence was committed in addition to any penalty
imposed, may be forfeited, on the conviction, to
the government and may be disposed of as
deemed necessary
Any proceeds accruing from the sale must be paid
to government accounts and become part of the
consolidated revenue fund
Seizure and disposal of fish consignments
If fish have been seized under stated laws or
legislation and the person charged is acquitted of
the charge against the person, the inspector or
other person having the custody of the fish and
containers seized under that law or legislation must
(a) Return them to the person from whom
they were seized, or
(b) If the fish have been disposed of by
courts of law, the owner shall follow up the refund
with the court.
Where there is excess weight of more than 10%
above the certified weight, such a consignment
should be offloaded and the excess weight handled
in accordance with the laws of the respective
countries
Thank you.
May God Bless you all !!
NABBONGO HENRY
nabbongohenry@gmail.com/nabbongo.henry@yah
oo.com +256 772656004/+256 775977173
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Annex 9 MCS working group presentations
45
Annex 10 MCS presentation guide
CASE STUDY: MCS is one of the key fisheries management tools that are used to reduce IUUs. As a border
Fish inspector identify activities that are linked to Monitoring; control and surveillance. I. For each MCS component develop a matrix (tabular form to provide responses on – what; when;
why and how )
II. Identify key stakeholders that are critical in each MCS component and give reasons
III. Outline possible management decision /recommendation that would be undertaken for a notorious
Border Post dealing in IUUs Monitoring Monitoring includes the collection, measurement and analysis of fishing activity including, but
not limited to: catch, species composition, fishing effort, by-catch, discards, area of operations,
etc. This information is primary data that fisheries managers use to arrive at management
decisions.
Monitoring provides the baseline information for MCS and is the information source used to develop the
control regime. Therefore Border Fisheries Inspectors should collect data on all fish consignments
that enter and leave Border Posts of their Jurisdiction.
No What why When How
46
Fish products Fish size Fish quantity Fish quality Fish spps Product
forms( slated, smoked, fresh, frozen
Origin of fish
Provide baseline data on :
Immature fish
Restricted spps Restricted
water sources/ closed
Endangered spps
Decline in stock
Issuance of regulations
Increase in fish traders
New Market are established
Seasonal variations – Peak and low
Increase in market demand
Closure of processing factories bse of ltd raw materials
Particular Size of fish dominates market
Outbreaks of food safety
Measurement of size
Taking weights Physical Count of
number of baskets
Checking documents
Court/police cases Use CCV cameras;
photographs, scanners
Observations
GIS/GPS
Satellites
VMS
47
hazards
Documents Sanitary
certificates License Permits
Compliance to requirements
Every consignment Physical checks of documents
Gears mesh Size Prohibited gears
(Monofilaments, cast nets, seine nets)
Number of panels (length) gill nets
Type of gear Fishing methods
(Dynamite) Quantity of gears Number of
vessels and Vehicles
Establish origin of Prohibited gears Establish quantity No. of gears to reduce overcapacity
Every consignment of gears at point of entry Increase of immature fish
Physical check of the gears Check accompanying documents Check point of destination
Q2 Key stakeholders in Monitoring
why
1 National Bureau of Statistics
National data processing and information
2 NATIONAL Bureau of Standards
Issuance of standards
3 Research To provide information eg number of gears , types of gears ;and size of fish , quantity of fish t eg CAS- Catch assessment surveys – fish qty, size, spps ect
4 Revenue – Customs authorities
Data on quantity and value
5 Fish traders Associations Number of traders
6 Police Enforcement 8 Immigration Travel clearance
Management recommendation s for notorious order post based on monitoring
I. Increase number of inspectors to collect data
II. Purchase of more data collection tools and equipment
48
III. Liaise with national statistics and Research authorities to analysis data for onward decision making
IV. Develop standards for effective monitoring of products and gears
V. Harmonize data collection methods
What is Control?
Involves the specification of the terms and conditions under which resources can be harvested. These
specifications are normally contained in national fisheries legislation and other arrangements that might be
nationally, sub-regionally, or regionally agreed. The legislation provides the basis for which fisheries
management arrangements, via MCS, are implemented. For maximum effect, framework legislation should
clearly state the management measures being implemented and define the requirements and prohibitions
that will be enforced. This component establishes and agrees the management measures which are to be
used/enforced in the surveillance component.
Therefore Border Fisheries Inspectors should know regionally agreed measures – IPOA Capacity on IUUs, Mesh
sizes of gears for certain fish species, slot /sizes of fish, prohibited fish spps, restricted water sources.
No What why When How
Fish products
Fish size Fish quantity Fish quality Fish spps Product forms(
slated, smoked, fresh, frozen
Origin of fish
To ensure
compliance to
regulations,
standards,
Guidelines,
Agreements,
Conventions,
protocols
decline in fish stocks- sustainability
New instruments enacted( Permits; license, closed season etc
Ratification of agreements and protocols
Enactment of laws( regulations; by laws administrative guidelines)
Domestication of international and regional agreements
Dissemination to all stakeholders
Sensitization of stakeholders
Documents
Sanitary certificates License Permits
Compliance to
requirements
Every consignment Physical checks of documents
Gears
mesh Size Prohibited gears(
Restrict entry
of Prohibited
gears
Every consignment of
gears at point of entry
Increase of immature
Physical check of the gears
Check accompanying
49
Monofilaments, cast nets, seine nets )
Number of panels (length) gill nets
Type of gear Fishing methods (
Dynamite) Quantity of gears Unregistered boats
on the Lake
Restricted mesh
sizes
No. of gears to
reduce
overcapacity
fish documents
Check point of destination
Q2 Key stakeholders in
Monitoring
why
1 National Bureau of
Statistics
National data processing and information
2 NATIONAL Bureau of
Standards
Issuance of standards
3 Research To provide information on fishing effort , Capacity and catch eg CAS-
Catch assessment surveys – fish qty, size, spps ect
4 Revenue – Customs
authorities
Data on quantity and value
5 Fish traders Associations Number of traders , supply of information on illegal traders and sense of
ownership of the industry
6 Police Enforcement of law
8 Immigration Travel clearance
9 Judiciary Legal drafting
Courts Legal proceedings
Local Leadership Mobilization and sense of ownership
RFMOs- (IOC/RFBs- ( LVFO,
LTA,
Ratification of agreements –e.g. IPOA- IUU capacity , immature fish,
Harmonization policies and laws.
50
Management recommendation s for notorious order post based on Control
VI. Enactment of bylaws and ordinances,
VII. Issuance of guidelines e.g. RFT Guidelines, administrative instruments e.g. Negative list of exports-
NEL
VIII. Policy reviews
IX. Development and or harmonization of standards
X. Blacklist of perpetual offenders
What is Surveillance?
Surveillance involves the supervision of fishing activity to ensure that national legislation and the terms &
conditions of access and management measures are observed. This activity is critical to ensure that resources
are not over exploited, poaching is minimized and management arrangements are implemented.
The surveillance activity feeds back information into the monitoring system which may then be used to
change control component etc– the system is cyclical.
Note: at border input controls and output controls are enforced.
No What why When How
Fish products Fish size Fish quantity Fish quality Fish spps Product forms(
slated, smoked, fresh, frozen
Origin of fish
To ensure compliance to regulations, standards, Guidelines, Agreements, Conventions, protocols
decline in fish stocks- sustainability
overcapacity over
exploitation
ratification of agreements
Illegalities
Enforcement of law( Patrols, inspections )
Seizure of consignments
Arrests and prosecutions
Sensitization of stakeholders
Transboundary meetings
Documents Sanitary certificates License Permits
Compliance to requirements
Every consignment Physical checks of documents
Gears mesh Size Prohibited gears(
Monofilaments, cast nets, seine nets )
Restrict entry of Prohibited gears Restricted mesh sizes
Every consignment of gears at point of entry Increase of immature fish
Physical check of the gears Check accompanying documents Check point of origin
51
Number of panels (length) gill nets
Type of gear Fishing methods (
Dynamite) Quantity of gears Unregistered boats
on the Lake
No. of gears to reduce overcapacity
Q2 Key stakeholders in Monitoring
why
1 Revenue – Customs authorities
Data on quantity and value
2 Fish traders Associations Number of traders and legality
3 Law enforcement authorities eg Police , Maritime, Local Govt Internal security
Enforcement of law
5 Immigration Travel clearance – Foreigners
6 Courts of Judicature Legal proceedings
7 Local Leadership Mass mobilization and identification, supply of information.
Management recommendation s for notorious order post based on surveillance
XI. Increase number of inspectors to conduct enforcement
XII. Purchase more inspection tools and equipment
XIII. Boost mode of transportation
XIV. Undertake joint patrols with other enforcement agencies
XV. Suspend activities of the border
XVI. Arrest and prosecute offenders
XVII. Motivation of officers at borders for increased work load
XVIII. Seek deterrent punishments
XIX. Initiate bilateral or multilateral discussions thru diplomatic corps or RFMOs/RFBs
52
Annex 11 Arrest role play
Abdullah Aziz is a known notorious trader in illegal fish and is known to traffic fish across the Malawi/Zambia
and Tanzania/Malawi borders.
A week previously he was stopped at a road block mounted by Border Fisheries Inspectors together with the
Police. Unfortunately he escaped across the border by force. You now have received information from your informers that Abdullah Aziz’s Vehicle XYZ 123 D is loaded with
immature fish and is about to arrive at your border post. Abdullah Aziz is known to be travelling in the vehicle. Your job now is to apprehend Aziz carrying out the correct procedures to arrest him and hand him over to the
police for prosecution.
Task As a group create a role play/drama to describe and demonstrate how you would apprehend and arrest Aziz.
The activity should show and explain the actions and legal procedures you would undertake. Some key
stakeholders to portray are Aziz, the vehicle driver, fish inspector, police and any witnesses.
Background information to help with the task is found in the manual pages 64 to 70 and pages 80 to 100.
53
Annex 12 Fish inspection procedures
FISH INSPECTION PROCEDURES
LOOK FOR (EG HAZARDS, BAD PRACTICES, ETC) BY
TIMOTHY PHIRI
SESSION OBJECTIVES
DISCUSS FISH INSPECTION PROCEDURES HOW TO REPORT ON CONDUCTED INSPECTION/S
TWO TYPES OFBORDER FISH INSPECTION
SYSTEM INSPECTION (PRODUCTION CHAIN)
COMPLIANCE INSPECTION (TO REGULATIONS,
OPERATIONAL GUIDELINES, STANDARDS, ETC)
PHILOSOPHY OF INSPECTION
LOOK AT (EG PRODUCTS, DOCUMENTS, UTENSILS,
EQUIPMENT, ETC.)
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS WHEN EXECUTING FISH
INSPECTION
PREPARATION
EXECUTION
REPORTING
SUBMISSION OF CORRECTIVE ACTION
FOLLOW UP/VERIFICATION
FILE CLOSURE 1. PREPARATION
PREPARE INSPECTION CHECKLISTS
ASSEMBLE INSPECTION TOOLS
ORGANISE SEALS
GATHER COPIES OF RELEVANT LEGISLATION ASSEMBLE SAMPLING KITS
ARRANGE RECORDING DEVICES
HAVE IDENTITY CARD
54
2. EXECUTION
BE OBJECTIVE USE LAID DOWN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES
FOLLOW SCIENTIFIC PROTOCOLS
AVOID WHAT IS NOT YOUR DUTY 3. REPORTING
MAKE AN INTRODUCTION OF THE REPORT
(OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, MANAGEMENT, ETC.)
INDICATE THE DATE OR PERIOD OF INSPECTION
STATE THE MAIN FINDINGS OF THE INSPECTION
PROVIDE STATISTICAL DATA, REFERENCES, COURT
RECORDS, WHERE POSSIBLE
THE REPORT MUST BE SIGNED BY THE INSPECTOR
AND OFFICIALLY STAMPED
4. CONCLUSION CONCLUSION/S MUST BE BASED ON REGULATORY
FRAME WORK (QUOTE LEGAL PROVISIONS WHERE
APPLICABLE)
STATE WHETHER THERE WAS COMPLIANCE OR
NON-COMPLIANCE IN THE MATTER IN QUESTION
WITH RESPECT TO LEGAL PROVISIONS
5. RECOMMENDATIONS
SHOULD BE BASED ON OBJECTIVES OF THE
INSPECTION AND NON-CONFORMANCE, IF ANY
THE END
TOWARDS REGIONAL HARMONISATION!
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
55
TRACEABILITY BY: TIMOTHY PHIRI
SESSION OBJECTIVES
DEFINE WHAT TRACEABILITY IS HOW TRACEABILITY HELPS THE FISHERIES
INSPECTOR
IMPORTANCE OF TRACEABILITY
TRECEABILITY DEFINED
TRACING THE DISTRIBUTION ROUTE AND
CONDITIONS OF THE PRODUCTS
FARM TO FORK /TABLE OR FISHER TO CONSUMER
HOW DOES TRACEABILITY WORK
USE OF BARCODES VERIFIES THE INTEGRITY OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN
REASON FOR TRECEABILITY
MAINTENANCE OF FISH QUALITY AND SAFETY
HELPS IN PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION AND RECALL
WHEN THERE IS A PROBLEM WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE INSPECTOR IN
TRACEABILITY
CONFIRM THE PRESENCE OF:
BATCH CODES
DOCUMENTED PROCESS PROCEDURES RECORD KEEPING WHERE IS TRACEABILITY DATA FOUND/LOCATED
SANITARY CERTIFICATE
PRODUCTS PACKAGING MATERIALS EXAMPLE OF BATCH CODING SYSTEM D=DAY OF WEEK ( 1=SUNDAY, 2=MONDAY, ETC)
WW=WEEK NUMBER ( 1 TO 52 WEEKS OF YEAR)
Y=YEAR ( 1,2,3,ETC)
P=PRODUCTION SHIFT ( 1=DAY, 2= NIGHT) XX=SUPPLIER CODE (01,02,03, ETC)
SS= SPECIES CODE
LABELING CLASS EXERCISES (PAGES 124 TO 127 OF THE
MANUAL)
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LABELING
AND TRACEABILITY?
THE END
THANK YOU
56
QUARANTINE PROCEDURES WHEN ARE PRODUCTS SUBJECTED TO
QUARANTINE?
WHAT ARE THE STEPS TAKEN BEFORE A PRODUCT
IS QUARANTINED?
PRODUCT RECALL/WITHDRAWAL WHAT REASONS WILL NECESSITATE A RECALL OF
PRODUCTS FROM THE MARKET?
WHAT ACTION SHOULD BE TAKEN PRIOR TO A
RECALL EXERCISE?
RAPID ALERT NOTIFICATION SYSTEM FOR FOOD
AND FEED
DISCUSS THE RELEVANCE OF THE ABOVE IN
RELATION TO SMALL SCALE TRADE
57
Annex 13 Certification
Certification procedures Omanyi B Paul
Reference in draft manual
Pages- section D: Certification procedures pages
125- 130
Appendix :12 Modal Health certificate pages 158-
161 Introduction
“Certification” means the procedure by which
official certification bodies or officially recognized
certification bodies provide written or equivalent
assurance that foods or food control systems
conform to requirements.
Certification measure by regulatory agencies of
importing and exporting countries to compliment
the control of their inspection system for fish and
fishery products
Background Mandatory product certification (and catch
documentation) is used as a natural extension of
normal monitoring and enforcement in fisheries.
It has gained heightened importance with the
adoption by the FAO Council in 2001 of the
International Plan of Action (IPOA) to prevent,
deter and eliminate IUU fishing
Model certificates The numbers and types of certificates should be
limited and could be promoted through
international (Codex) model certificates
Model certificates apply to fish and fishery
products presented for international trade must
meet food safety, wholesomeness and conformity
to food production requirements of the importing
country.
Certificates should adequately describe one or
several lots or batches of product’s compliance
with Regulatory requirements based on regular
inspections by the inspection service
Authenticity of certificate The Model Certificate should contain and be
completed as follows:
Identification Number should be unique for each
certificate
Country of Dispatch -name of the country of the
competent authority
State or type of processing - fresh, frozen, canned,
smoked sun dried, slated, deep-fried, etc
Type of packaging -cartons, boxes, bags, cases,
drums, barrels, pallets
Lot identifier / Date code provided by a processor
to account for their production of fish and fishery
products thus in the event of public health
investigations and recalls. How possible is it for
Regional Fish Traders
58
Means of transport flight/train/truck/container
number
Official stamp,(Design, ink, CA, CODE,I inscription,
National identity, date )
Serial numbers, Details certifying officer- Title & Qualification
Authenticity of certificate
Attestation is a statement confirming the product
or batches of products originate from an
establishment that is essentially in good regulatory
standing with the Competent Authority in that
country and that the products were processed and
otherwise handled under a competent HACCP and
sanitary programme - GHPs
Original Certificate should be identifiable and this
status should be displayed appropriately with the
mark “ORIGINAL” or if a copy is necessary, this
certificate should be marked as “COPY” or terms of
this effect.
Page numbering should be used where the
certificate occupies more than one sheet of paper.
Seal and signature should be applied in a manner
that minimizes the risk of fraud
Replacement of certificates occur when
Damage of certificate in transit,
Administrative errors;
Proven lost certificate Damaged certificates;
Changes to the consignee; and/or
Last minute changes to the quantity shipped.
Replacement certificates will not be issued for a
shipment that has been imported into another
country
A replacement certificate is issued by the certifying
officer.
Rejection of certificate Reject the entry of such a consignment and Stamp
in the sanitary health certificate “rejected fish
consignment”
Alert responsible authorities and Border points.
Allow the owner of consignment re-exports the
product BUT this depends on the safety risk of
concern.
Destroy the consignment at the cost of the owner
of the consignment in accordance with the
regulations of the respective countries.
Increase frequency of inspections of such fishery
products or consignments from such country of
origin.
Group Work Refer to copies of Health certificates presented to
your groups, conduct document verification and
suggest actions to be undertaken.
For regional fish trade what are the key features
that a sanitary certificate should include?
58
Annex 14 Feedback and comments from the manual review
59
Annex 15 Making a Statement case study
Mutu Machozi is a fish trader as well as a fish net importer, who imports both fish and fish nets from Malawi to Zambia through the Mwami
Border Post in the Eastern Province of Zambia. He sometimes triples as a mechanic. He has never paid for any License/permit for any of
the activities engaged in.
On the 11th
day of Jan 2012 at around 9:00 am he was intercepted by Border Fisheries Inspectors together with Police at Mwami Border.
After inspection the consignment was found to comprise of immature tilapia, monofilament nets, 3 Jerry cans of engine oil and two s pare tyres.
Okumu Shaban his assistant and Amuza Odiambo his spanner boy, were found sleeping on top of a tarpaulin laid on the spare tyres which
were directly placed on top of the fish. In the process one of the community members whispered to the Fisheries inspector that in a corner of
the vehicle was a kennel containing a puppy, which was on top of the nets. All the three persons were arrested and the exhibits plus the open
back Truck Reg. No. ABL 1498 were taken to Mwami Boarder P olice station.
Task
In relation to the offences committed, as the arresting officer you are now required to prepare a technical statement for submission to the Police.
Refer to pages 71 to 76 of the manual for background information.
60
Example of how to write a statement NAMBI REBECCA A FEMALE ADULT WITH IDENTITY CARD NUMBER 2700089, 28 YEARS OLD AND RESIDING AT PLOT 20 LUGARD AVENUE
BUGONGA ENTEBBE UGANDA OF HOME TELEPHONE NUMBER +256 772 232323, MOBILE TELEPHONE NUMBER OF +256 772 656004 AND WORK
TELEPHONE NUMBER OF +256 414 320496, EMPLOYED AS A FISHERIES INSPECTOR BY THE DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES RESOURCES ENTEBBE –
UGANDA. (MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE ANIMAL INDUSTRY AND FISHERIES
STATES While on my official duty with 4 Police officers (Force numbers, ranks and full names) attached to Mwami border Police station at exactly 0900hrs
on the 11th day of January 2012 in the areas of Mwami border Post, we intercepted Truck Registration Number ABL 1498. On interrogations we
came to find out that it belonged to a one called Mutu Machozi who was found seated at the co -driver’s seat. The vehicle was subjected to an
inspection and after inspection ……………………………………………………………………
Include all the findings with full citations of respective sections of the law contravened by the actions of the suspect.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Statement self recorded
Signature …………………………………………………………………………..
NB. Don’t forget to include scientific names for fish species
61
Annex 16 Field visit guide
Kariba border post is situated on the Zambia-Zimbabwe border. The main fish product that passes through the border, is whole fresh tilapia on
ice from the nearby Lake Harvest, the largest fish farm in Africa.
The key issues to concentrate on during the field visit are:
1. Inspection procedures
2. Documentation used
3. Vehicles and their movement
4. Infrastructure and facilities at the border post
5. Fish handling, quality and food safety
6. Coordination between institutions
7. Fish inspectors welfare and conditions
The objective is to, where possible, note good and poor practices associated with each of these issues. To help this process it is recommended
that you work in pairs or small groups and prior to the visit, prepare a checklist which consists of at least: things to observe/inspect; key
questions to ask and the people/institutions to interview during the visit.
Following the visit there will be a plenary discussion of the observations from the visit.
62
Annex 17 Working group assessment case study
On 14th
December 2012 at 10.25 am a Benz open backed lorry registration number XYZ 123 driven by Mr C carrying baskets of smoked and
salted and dried fish arrives at the border crossing having originally started its journey in a third country.
A number of passengers who have been riding on the back of the vehicle climb down and walk across the border to wait for the vehicle
on the other side. Some of them take their luggage with them and others leave their bags of produce in the back of the pickup. The produce
includes several bunches of bananas, 6 second hand bicycles and 10 bags of charcoal.
Several baskets of fish contain undersize fish and some smoked fish is coated with a suspicious looking white powder. The hea lth
certificate appears to have an unusual stamp on it. The trader Mr A, who owns the consignment offers the inspector US$100 to let the lorry
pass across the border. Your colleague Ms B sees the attempted bribe.
TASK
a) Describe the process you would go through to inspect the consignment and what you would look at and what you would look for.
b) Based on the discovery of undersized fish, the presence of white powder, and document irregularities, what actions would you take?
c) Describe how you would arrest the trader.
d) Prepare a statement to be used in court for the case.
63
ANSWER TO INCLUDE: a) Precautionary approach Looking at vehicle, fish products, and packaging, documents Looking for food safety hazards and risks, compliance with GHP, lack of and falsification of documentation
b) Arrest the trader
Impound the fish Take sample of white powder for further testing
c) Arrest procedure
d) All aspects of preparing and producing the good statement and the content of a good statement
64
Annex 18 Workshop evaluation results
Please give a score to each aspect of the workshop below. Please add any comments you wish to make.
1 = very poor; 2 = poor; 3 = average; 4 = good; 5 = excellent
Course & training approach
1
2
3
4
5
Quality of teaching facilities
3%
3%
10%
52%
32%
Presenters
7%
3%
10%
62%
18%
Case studies
14%
3%
21%
31%
31%
Group work
3%
3%
17%
63%
13%
Plenary presentations
3%
10%
10%
66%
10%
Quiz
4%
4%
21%
50%
21%
Quality of Border Inspectors manual
7%
10%
17%
52%
14%
Course duration
4%
8%
39%
46%
4%
Subjects and sessions
1
2
3
4
5
Food safety & quality
4%
4%
12%
52%
28%
Inspection procedures
3%
6%
9%
64%
18%
65
Making and Arrest
16%
12%
54%
28%
Preparing a statement
17%
10%
41%
32%
Certification
4%
16%
60%
20%
Field visit
79%
14%
7%
Final Assessment Case study
4%
26%
52%
18%
Workshop objective met? Yes
Participants needed more time to go through the manual page by page
Apart from field visit
Theoretically but not practically
Disappointed with treatment by Zimbabwe authorities
Yes but disturbances from day 1
Review process not completed however training was conducted
Fairly met…it needed more time and real border inspectors should attend
Not really…time was wasted doing other subjects not related to the objective
Some areas not relevant to fisheries inspectors role such as making an arrest and making a statement… this is job of police
Averagely met
How could the workshop be improved? Provide manuals in advance so could be read beforehand
More days would be an improvement
Selection of participants must change to not include those that will simply antagonize the process
66
Better arrangement with other border staff for better transit (field visit) Participants from same country should not sit next
to each other
More field visits
More time to review manual
Transparency and tell participants in advance what the per diem is
Per diems as Zambia is expensive
Give enough allowance/per diem increase
Increase number of facilitators Give initiative to participants Look for professional facilitators
Have unbiased environment involve all countries to participate as only Ugandans were facilitators
Work on the aims of guide and dwell only on inspectors’ job
Prior planning
Additional Comments: Zimbabwe must send right framed participants next time
Appreciate experience shared with other countries
Good learning process for countries introducing fish inspection Find out if Zimbabwe are interested in fish trade
harmonization It has been so nice and appreciated nice travel arrangement
Prepare better for field visit as this is where participants can learn
If paying in foreign currency pay in advance to avoid disruption due to exchange process
I didn’t like the way the delegates from Zimbabwe behaved
Fieldwork to be conducted at border posts where procedures are not strict
Thanks I have learnt a lot from this workshop
Two workshops attended were outstanding and should continue
The situation was not conducive to learning due to low per diem and standard of living in Siavonga
Next workshop held outside Zambia so Zambians should have a feel of other countries
Prepare well beforehand to avoid miss handling participants
67
Per diems narrated to participants and focal points beforehand to omit doubts
Participants highly demoralised from day 1 due to per diems given. This ended the morale of participation. Harmonization of the manual might
end here if treatment of participants will be as revealed in this workshop as few may be willing to participate in the future.
Region still needs more of such similar trainings
Allow all countries to do presentation not only one country in this case Uganda was dominating the workshop
Avoid favouritism for better implementation
Accommodation issues need to be addressed
Misconception on the workshop objective - One would have thought that the workshop agenda was centred on reviewing a draft document that
was compiled by the steering committee in Kenya. After the review we would have expected to see an awareness campaign, in all the
participating countries, and eventually implementation of the guideline / manual followed up by regular monitoring and review
68
Annex 19 Workshop photographs
71
La bonne gouvernance et de la gestion des pêches et de
l'aquaculture permettent d'améliorer la contribution du
secteur à la sécurité alimentaire, au développement social, à
la croissance économique et au commerce régional ; ceci en
assurant par ailleurs une protection renforcée des ressources
halieutiques et de leurs écosystèmes.
La Commission de l'Océan Indien (COI) ainsi que la
COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern
Africa), l'EAC (East African Community) et l'IGAD (Inter-
Governmental Authority on Development) ont développé
des stratégies à cette fin et se sont engagés à promouvoir la
pêche et l'aquaculture responsable.
SmartFish supporte la mise en œuvre de ces stratégies
régionales en mettant l'accent sur le renforcement des
capacités et des interventions connexes visant à :
la mise en œuvre d’un développement et d’une
gestion durables des pêcheries ;
le lancement d’un cadre de gouvernance pour les
pêcheries durables dans la région;
le développment d’un suivi-contrôle-surveillance
efficace pour les ressources halieutiques
transfrontalières ;
le développment de stratégies commerciales
regionals et la mise en œuvre d’initiatives
commerciales;
l’amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire à travers la
réduction des pertes post-capture et la
diversification.
SmartFish est financé par l'Union Européenne dans le cadre
du 10ème Fond Européen de Développement.
SmartFish est mis en œuvre par la COI en partenariat avec la
COMESA, l'EAC et l'IGAD et en collaboration avec la
SADC. Une collaboration étroite a également été
développée avec les organisations régionales de pêche de la
région. L'assistance technique est fournie par la FAO et le
consortium Agrotec SpA.
By improving the governance and management of our
fisheries and aquaculture development, we can also
improve food security, social benefits, regional trade
and increase economic growth, while also ensuring that
we protect our fisheries resources and their ecosystems.
The Indian Ocean Commission (IOC), the Common
Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA),
the East African Community (EAC) and the Inter-
Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) have
developed strategies to that effect and committed to
regional approaches to the promotion of responsible
fisheries and aquaculture.
SmartFish is supporting the implementation of these
regional fisheries strategies, through capacity building
and related interventions aimed specifically at:
implementing sustainable regional fisheries
management and development;
initiating a governance framework for
sustainable regional fisheries;
developing effective monitoring, control and
surveillance for trans boundary fisheries
resources;
developing regional trade strategies and
implementing regional trade initiatives;
contributing to food security through the
reduction of post-harvest losses and
diversification.
SmartFish is financed by the European Union under the
10th European Development Fund.
SmartFish is implemented by the IOC in partnership
with the COMESA, EAC, and IGAD and in
collaboration with SADC. An effective collaboration
with all relevant regional fisheries organisations has
also been established. Technical support is provided by
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the
Agrotec SpA consortium.
Contact:
Indian Ocean Commission-SmartFish Programme
Blue Tower,5th
Floor, Institute Street – Ebene Mauritius
Tel: (+230) 402 6100
Fax: (+230) 406 7933
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