BCT 102 Residential Print Reading Week 10. MEP “Mechanical Electrical & Plumbing” … work...

BCT 102

Residential Print

ReadingWeek 10

MEP“Mechanical Electrical &Plumbing”

…work coordinates with all other trades

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.

“Mechanical & Plumbing”

•Mechanical - HVAC (Heating Venting and Air conditioning).

•Electrical – lighting fixtures, switches, outlets, panels, appliances, etc.

•Plumbing - pipes, fixtures & fittings; water supply/distribution, and waste removal.

MechanicalHVAC

*SIMPLIST FORM….

Mechanical System-Common types

1.Central Forced air (Furnace/fan blower /condenser & compressors; ducts; registers/diffusers)

Heat Pump – Heat & Cooling within One unit

Most Common type of Heating/Cooling* takes heat out of inside air (cooling) or takes heat out of outside air to heat bldg.

2.Hydronic Hot Water system (Boilers/pipes supply hot water to Radiators/Baseboards/or tube arrays below floor – YOUR TERMINAL UNITS – RADIANT Type Heat exchange)

3.Radiant (Control surface temp. of heating panel or Floor at the heat source Uniform heat/reduced air movement) use Electricity to heat Coils under floor or Piped hot (or cold) water to radiate heat

Forced Air Furnace heat house thru convection

Two part system : central heating device-Furnace + distribution network-Ducts

Fan blows heated air from the heat exchanger into supply Plenum smaller branch ducts tap into plenum air supply flows to Diffusers (in ceiling or floor registers).

Air return grills centrally located picks up returnair and carries it back to furnace via return duct into a return air plenum

Gas Furnaces have exterior air intake and exhaust for the combustion chamber

Heat pump Heat pump extracts heat from space at low temp & discharges it to another space at a higher temp

2 heat exchangers, a compressor & expansion valve & interconnecting pipes filled with refrigerant.Reversing the direction of the refrig. Flow system can either heat or Cool

Compressor sits outside the house on a concrete pad feeding the chilled refrig. to fan coil units

Condition the air using

Nature:•Cross ventilation (open windows)

•Stack effect (heat rises so remove it from

Roof area/vent opening skylights)

•Ceiling fans (or whole house fan work

With stack effect)

•Block solar heat gain(overhangs & low E insulated glass)

•Heat-storing

(like concrete /masonry absorb heat

& release heat slowly

Mechanical System- Forced CONDITIONED Air

Furnace feed heated air through ducts & deliver it to registers(or diffusers)

Return air to system through return grills separtated from diffuser.

Mechanical System- Forced

Furnace/ducts & registers….Air intake to furnace & exhaust

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Mechanical System-

forced air thru ducts delivered at the supply register (@ floor or ceiling)

Heat pumps-One unit heats & cools

Mechanical System- Hydronic ………………..Hot water

Boiler/pipes & Radiators or Terminal unit TU

Radiant Floor in Detail Section

Heat pump hooked up to furnace with thermostat

ZonesProvide Flexibility/ temperature reading.

Mechanical System-

ZonesProvide Flexibility/Efficiency – Control temperature of Areas (or rooms) individually with thermostats and Dampers

Thermostats The control for Heating & Cooling

Should be centrally located in zoned area or house to give an average temperature reading.

Mechanical symbols in a legend on the dwg.

1.s .

Duct layout for forced-air system

Duct layout for forced-air system

Simple HVAC layout in a ceiling plan - give register locations…heat registers often near cold area – windows; return grill centrally located in hall

SUPPLY DIFFUSER (REGISTER)

RETURN AIR GRILL

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Plumbing

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Plumbing…is your Water distribution System

•Waste disposal (sanitary sewage) DRAIN WASTE VENT or DWV

•Supply -Pipes for Heat/Cold water

• …. gas gets piped too!

... sewage disposal is life safety issue.

•Lic. Plumber installs system in accordance with specs and local codes

Water Meter Housing

Water Meter

supply

• Water enters the house in ¾” to 1” pipe– Pressure Reduction Valve– 80psi coming in– Reduce to 25 -30psi

Pressure Reduction Valve

... sewage disposal is life safety issue.

Waste lines…•Lic. Plumber installs system in accordance with specs and local codes

...for Houses pipe layout (DWGS.) are not required as fixtures & fittings are located on plans .... Riser diagrams are! For inspector to see adequate connections and pipe sizes

DRAIN PIPINGSTACKSHOUSE & SEWER DRAINS

TRAPSVENT STACKS & PIPES

Building Drain

Sewer Line

... sewage disposal

•P-trap & Air-vent for waste disposal system to work

•Slope of waste lines ¼” : 1’

•Vent Through Roof VTR

VTR

P-Trap DWV

S-Trap and Drum Traps DWV

Trap Facts

• All plumbing fixtures require traps• All traps require vents• A critical distance must be maintained

between the trap weir and the nearest vent

P-Traps DWV

P-Traps DWV

5 '- 0 "

1 1 / 4 "WA S TE

P IPE

Vents

• Max. Distance of fixture trap from vent– 1 ¼” Trap 60”– 1 ½” Trap 72”– 2” Trap 96”– 3” Trap 144”– 4” Trap 192”

Vents

• What happens when the vent is too far from the trap?

• Three options– Increase the size of the trap– Re-Vent– Bow Vent (Loop Vent)– Automatic Vent

Supply Lines - Pipes shown & Abbrev.

Text

Plumbing 3 stages of construction

1.Service entrance (prior to FND. Concrete pour)2.Rough-in plumbing(piping/drains - Inspected)3.Finished plumbing install fixtures & connections (follow GYP. Walls)

Plumbing hidden in the walls...

WASTE STACK

Plumbing 3 stages of construction

1.Service entrance (prior to FND. Concrete pour)2.Rough-in plumbing(piping/drains - Inspected)3.Finished plumbing install fixtures & connections (follow GYP. Walls)Plumbing hidden in the walls...

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Plumbing AT STREET

AT HOUSE

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Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic

(AT at the street…

45

Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic

Plumbing symbols found in legend on plumbing drawings

•symbols can varyText

Plumbing – Waste or DWV – Riser diagram or Single line Dwg. shows pipe & air vent layout & sizes

...could be required for Permit

(Pipe Diam. shown)

VTR vent thru roofC.O. clean out

Plumbing - PIPE LAYOUT ....Supply just showing hot/cold system from water heater (not as common in print set)

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Single-line dwg. RISER DIAGRAM

RequiredDwg.

Pictorialto understand single-line dwg.

Plumbing for hydronic heat – like this kitchen base cabinet toe kick heater or radiant floor piping

RequiredDwg.

Pictorialto understand single-line dwg.

MechanicalHVAC

*Fixtures (Toilet/sink/tub.....) & Fittings (faucet/drain/sprayer...) to be specified

FIXTURES located on plans & Qty. – Fittings identified in schedules!

Electrical & Lighting

*

...of the MEP info, Elec. + Lighting locations will be in the print set on own sheet / or on floor plan if not too complex a layout.

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Lighting Layout on plan with furnishings.. ... for more complex lighting layout RCP – reflected ceiling plan

Electrical & Lighting

*….Elec. at Rough-in Stage…Electrical connection to house from source

Electrical & Lighting Symbols -

on interior Elevation on plan

…. With Some updates & missing info

Electricity

outlet symbolsSINGLE R ECEP TA CLE O UTLET

SINGLE R ECEP TA CLE O UTLET

Electricity

outlet symbols

D UP LEX R ECEPTA CLE O UTLETSP L IT - C IR C UIT

WP

WEA THER PR O O F R ECEP TA CLE O UTLET

Electricity

symbols

EL EC TR IC R A NGE/CO O K TO P O UT LET

Electricity

outlet symbolsFLO O R SINGLER ECEP TA CLE O UTLET

FLO O R DO UB LER ECEP TA CLE O UTLET

Electricity

outlet symbols

GFC I

GR O UND FA ULT C IR CUITINTER UP TER R ECEP TA CLEO UTLET

F

FA N O UTLET

Electricity

outlet symbols

D W

SP EC IA L P UR P O SE O UTLET

WIR ED D IR ECT

HEA T LA MP

Electricity lighting symbols

WA LL SC O NC E

Electricity lighting symbols

TR A CK L IGHT ING

Electricity lighting symbols

HA NGING CEIL ING FIXTUR E

Electricity lighting symbols

B UILT - IN LO W V O LTA GE TA S K L IGHT

TL

LO W V O LTA GETR A NSFO R MER

Electricity lighting symbols

R ECESS ED CEIL INGV A P O R L IGHT

Electricity lighting symbols

TV

TELEV IS IO N O UTLET

C

CA B LE O UTLET

Electricity lighting symbols

B UILT - IN FLUO R ES CENT TA S K L IGHT

Electricity lighting symbols

R ECESS ED CEIL INGD O WN L IGHT ING

Electricity special purpose

symbols

C

CLO CK HA NGERR ECEP TA CLE

Electricity special purpose

symbols

F

FA NR ECEP TA CLE

INTER CO M

TELEPHO NE O UTLET

Electricity special purpose

symbols

T

THER MO STA T

SMO K E D ETECTO R

G

GA S S UP P LY

Electricity special purpose

symbols

HEA T R EGIS TER

Electricity switch symbols

S 2

S 3

S 4

SDM

Single pole switch

Double pole switch

Three way switch

Four way switch

Single pole switch w/ dimmer

Three way switch w/dimmer

S 3 D M

S

Lights and outlets in kitchen & bath areas

...similarities from house to house

GFCI – ground fault circuit interrupter (outlet for damp locations - near sinks)

GFCI

Outlets & Switches Interior Elevations…regulated by NEC code

... walk through the house at the front door looking at outlets and light switches

code regulates min. number of outlets placed...

NEC National Electrical Code ...work performed by lic. Electrician for occupancy permit

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Electrical

• A ampere =rate of flow• V voltage = force ampere move by• W wattage = how much elec. Is used or Power use

A x V = W

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Electrical Amps used to rate appliances

Volts varying pressure at service panel (120/240V typ. for USA house)

Amps to size circuit breaker (Kwh use is elec. measured at meter (or 1000 watt hours = 1 Kwh)