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BCT 102
Residential Print
ReadingWeek 10
MEP“Mechanical Electrical &Plumbing”
…work coordinates with all other trades
*
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“Mechanical & Plumbing”
•Mechanical - HVAC (Heating Venting and Air conditioning).
•Electrical – lighting fixtures, switches, outlets, panels, appliances, etc.
•Plumbing - pipes, fixtures & fittings; water supply/distribution, and waste removal.
MechanicalHVAC
*SIMPLIST FORM….
Mechanical System-Common types
1.Central Forced air (Furnace/fan blower /condenser & compressors; ducts; registers/diffusers)
Heat Pump – Heat & Cooling within One unit
Most Common type of Heating/Cooling* takes heat out of inside air (cooling) or takes heat out of outside air to heat bldg.
2.Hydronic Hot Water system (Boilers/pipes supply hot water to Radiators/Baseboards/or tube arrays below floor – YOUR TERMINAL UNITS – RADIANT Type Heat exchange)
3.Radiant (Control surface temp. of heating panel or Floor at the heat source Uniform heat/reduced air movement) use Electricity to heat Coils under floor or Piped hot (or cold) water to radiate heat
Forced Air Furnace heat house thru convection
Two part system : central heating device-Furnace + distribution network-Ducts
Fan blows heated air from the heat exchanger into supply Plenum smaller branch ducts tap into plenum air supply flows to Diffusers (in ceiling or floor registers).
Air return grills centrally located picks up returnair and carries it back to furnace via return duct into a return air plenum
Gas Furnaces have exterior air intake and exhaust for the combustion chamber
Heat pump Heat pump extracts heat from space at low temp & discharges it to another space at a higher temp
2 heat exchangers, a compressor & expansion valve & interconnecting pipes filled with refrigerant.Reversing the direction of the refrig. Flow system can either heat or Cool
Compressor sits outside the house on a concrete pad feeding the chilled refrig. to fan coil units
Condition the air using
Nature:•Cross ventilation (open windows)
•Stack effect (heat rises so remove it from
Roof area/vent opening skylights)
•Ceiling fans (or whole house fan work
With stack effect)
•Block solar heat gain(overhangs & low E insulated glass)
•Heat-storing
(like concrete /masonry absorb heat
& release heat slowly
Mechanical System- Forced CONDITIONED Air
Furnace feed heated air through ducts & deliver it to registers(or diffusers)
Return air to system through return grills separtated from diffuser.
Mechanical System- Forced
Furnace/ducts & registers….Air intake to furnace & exhaust
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Mechanical System-
forced air thru ducts delivered at the supply register (@ floor or ceiling)
Heat pumps-One unit heats & cools
Mechanical System- Hydronic ………………..Hot water
Boiler/pipes & Radiators or Terminal unit TU
Radiant Floor in Detail Section
Heat pump hooked up to furnace with thermostat
ZonesProvide Flexibility/ temperature reading.
Mechanical System-
ZonesProvide Flexibility/Efficiency – Control temperature of Areas (or rooms) individually with thermostats and Dampers
Thermostats The control for Heating & Cooling
Should be centrally located in zoned area or house to give an average temperature reading.
Mechanical symbols in a legend on the dwg.
1.s .
Duct layout for forced-air system
Duct layout for forced-air system
Simple HVAC layout in a ceiling plan - give register locations…heat registers often near cold area – windows; return grill centrally located in hall
SUPPLY DIFFUSER (REGISTER)
RETURN AIR GRILL
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Plumbing
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Plumbing…is your Water distribution System
•Waste disposal (sanitary sewage) DRAIN WASTE VENT or DWV
•Supply -Pipes for Heat/Cold water
• …. gas gets piped too!
... sewage disposal is life safety issue.
•Lic. Plumber installs system in accordance with specs and local codes
Water Meter Housing
Water Meter
supply
• Water enters the house in ¾” to 1” pipe– Pressure Reduction Valve– 80psi coming in– Reduce to 25 -30psi
Pressure Reduction Valve
... sewage disposal is life safety issue.
Waste lines…•Lic. Plumber installs system in accordance with specs and local codes
...for Houses pipe layout (DWGS.) are not required as fixtures & fittings are located on plans .... Riser diagrams are! For inspector to see adequate connections and pipe sizes
DRAIN PIPINGSTACKSHOUSE & SEWER DRAINS
TRAPSVENT STACKS & PIPES
Building Drain
Sewer Line
... sewage disposal
•P-trap & Air-vent for waste disposal system to work
•Slope of waste lines ¼” : 1’
•Vent Through Roof VTR
VTR
P-Trap DWV
S-Trap and Drum Traps DWV
Trap Facts
• All plumbing fixtures require traps• All traps require vents• A critical distance must be maintained
between the trap weir and the nearest vent
P-Traps DWV
P-Traps DWV
5 '- 0 "
1 1 / 4 "WA S TE
P IPE
Vents
• Max. Distance of fixture trap from vent– 1 ¼” Trap 60”– 1 ½” Trap 72”– 2” Trap 96”– 3” Trap 144”– 4” Trap 192”
Vents
• What happens when the vent is too far from the trap?
• Three options– Increase the size of the trap– Re-Vent– Bow Vent (Loop Vent)– Automatic Vent
Supply Lines - Pipes shown & Abbrev.
Text
Plumbing 3 stages of construction
1.Service entrance (prior to FND. Concrete pour)2.Rough-in plumbing(piping/drains - Inspected)3.Finished plumbing install fixtures & connections (follow GYP. Walls)
Plumbing hidden in the walls...
WASTE STACK
Plumbing 3 stages of construction
1.Service entrance (prior to FND. Concrete pour)2.Rough-in plumbing(piping/drains - Inspected)3.Finished plumbing install fixtures & connections (follow GYP. Walls)Plumbing hidden in the walls...
.
Plumbing AT STREET
AT HOUSE
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Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic
(AT at the street…
45
Sewage Disposal - Sewer or Septic
Plumbing symbols found in legend on plumbing drawings
•symbols can varyText
Plumbing – Waste or DWV – Riser diagram or Single line Dwg. shows pipe & air vent layout & sizes
...could be required for Permit
(Pipe Diam. shown)
VTR vent thru roofC.O. clean out
Plumbing - PIPE LAYOUT ....Supply just showing hot/cold system from water heater (not as common in print set)
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Single-line dwg. RISER DIAGRAM
RequiredDwg.
Pictorialto understand single-line dwg.
Plumbing for hydronic heat – like this kitchen base cabinet toe kick heater or radiant floor piping
RequiredDwg.
Pictorialto understand single-line dwg.
MechanicalHVAC
*Fixtures (Toilet/sink/tub.....) & Fittings (faucet/drain/sprayer...) to be specified
FIXTURES located on plans & Qty. – Fittings identified in schedules!
Electrical & Lighting
*
...of the MEP info, Elec. + Lighting locations will be in the print set on own sheet / or on floor plan if not too complex a layout.
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Lighting Layout on plan with furnishings.. ... for more complex lighting layout RCP – reflected ceiling plan
Electrical & Lighting
*….Elec. at Rough-in Stage…Electrical connection to house from source
Electrical & Lighting Symbols -
on interior Elevation on plan
…. With Some updates & missing info
Electricity
outlet symbolsSINGLE R ECEP TA CLE O UTLET
SINGLE R ECEP TA CLE O UTLET
Electricity
outlet symbols
D UP LEX R ECEPTA CLE O UTLETSP L IT - C IR C UIT
WP
WEA THER PR O O F R ECEP TA CLE O UTLET
Electricity
symbols
EL EC TR IC R A NGE/CO O K TO P O UT LET
Electricity
outlet symbolsFLO O R SINGLER ECEP TA CLE O UTLET
FLO O R DO UB LER ECEP TA CLE O UTLET
Electricity
outlet symbols
GFC I
GR O UND FA ULT C IR CUITINTER UP TER R ECEP TA CLEO UTLET
F
FA N O UTLET
Electricity
outlet symbols
D W
SP EC IA L P UR P O SE O UTLET
WIR ED D IR ECT
HEA T LA MP
Electricity lighting symbols
WA LL SC O NC E
Electricity lighting symbols
TR A CK L IGHT ING
Electricity lighting symbols
HA NGING CEIL ING FIXTUR E
Electricity lighting symbols
B UILT - IN LO W V O LTA GE TA S K L IGHT
TL
LO W V O LTA GETR A NSFO R MER
Electricity lighting symbols
R ECESS ED CEIL INGV A P O R L IGHT
Electricity lighting symbols
TV
TELEV IS IO N O UTLET
C
CA B LE O UTLET
Electricity lighting symbols
B UILT - IN FLUO R ES CENT TA S K L IGHT
Electricity lighting symbols
R ECESS ED CEIL INGD O WN L IGHT ING
Electricity special purpose
symbols
C
CLO CK HA NGERR ECEP TA CLE
Electricity special purpose
symbols
F
FA NR ECEP TA CLE
INTER CO M
TELEPHO NE O UTLET
Electricity special purpose
symbols
T
THER MO STA T
SMO K E D ETECTO R
G
GA S S UP P LY
Electricity special purpose
symbols
HEA T R EGIS TER
Electricity switch symbols
S 2
S 3
S 4
SDM
Single pole switch
Double pole switch
Three way switch
Four way switch
Single pole switch w/ dimmer
Three way switch w/dimmer
S 3 D M
S
Lights and outlets in kitchen & bath areas
...similarities from house to house
GFCI – ground fault circuit interrupter (outlet for damp locations - near sinks)
GFCI
Outlets & Switches Interior Elevations…regulated by NEC code
... walk through the house at the front door looking at outlets and light switches
code regulates min. number of outlets placed...
NEC National Electrical Code ...work performed by lic. Electrician for occupancy permit
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Electrical
• A ampere =rate of flow• V voltage = force ampere move by• W wattage = how much elec. Is used or Power use
A x V = W
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Electrical Amps used to rate appliances
Volts varying pressure at service panel (120/240V typ. for USA house)
Amps to size circuit breaker (Kwh use is elec. measured at meter (or 1000 watt hours = 1 Kwh)
