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The Operational EnvironmentNet-Centric Warfare Vision: Information Anywhere, Anytime
Assured Communications Anywhere in the World Without Fixed Infrastructure and Zero Set-up Time – Requires Spectrum!!!
Assured Communications Anywhere in the World Without Fixed Infrastructure and Zero Set-up Time – Requires Spectrum!!!
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100 kHz
10 MHz
20MHz
30 MHz
40 MHz
50MHz
60MHz
70 MHz
80MHz
90MHz
MEDEVACUAV/UGV
Battlefield Sensor
Navigation AidsUAV
UGVUAV
ATC EOD
Tactical HF Tactical FM/SINCGARS
MSRT
Ship-Shore-Ship Link 11
Over-the-Horizon Radar
Perimeter Detection
Security Sensor
UAV
IntruderDetection Radar
Beacons
Position Location
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Security
MEDEVAC
ATC, REMBASS, Battlefield SensorsEmergency
Locator, Rescue
Radar,
MW Landing
TACAN
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
Tactical UHF (Ter/SAT) EPLRS Tactical MW
UAV
RF TagsVIICS
Wireless Comm, BattlegroupCellular
JTIDSUHF, AM
UGV D/L, Sonobuoy
MSE/HAVEQUICK
Flight Deck Soldier Intercom UAV
Control, Sonobuoy
Search Radar
Radar
Intrusion Detection
Tac VHF
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Tactical PCS
TACANL2, L4/L3, L1
MSE, Tactical WB, Precision Munitions,
UAV, UGV
2 GHz
3GHz
4 GHz
5 GHz
6 GHz
21 GHz
30 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
Tropo
Fire Control/Tracking Radar,
MW SensorDSCS
TerrainRadar
Surveillance,Fire Control Radar
EHF Radio,BCIS
Acquisition/Surveillance/ATC Radar/INMARSAT/
IRIDIUM/ICIDSSurveillance/Search/
FC Radar
UAV
MW Landing
Challenge Athena, INMARSAT
MW,Sensor
CDL, TCDL,SCDL, WB DLs
Data Link MILSTAR,GBS
GBS
Search, Fire Control Radar
UAV
IFF,GPS L5
Intrusion Detection
JTRS Clusters Implementation
GPS
UGV,Missile DL
Soldier Radio,Wireless LAN
100 kHz
10 MHz
20MHz
30 MHz
40 MHz
50MHz
60MHz
70 MHz
80MHz
90MHz
MEDEVACUAV/UGV
Battlefield Sensor
Navigation AidsUAV
UGVUAV
ATC EOD
Tactical HF Tactical FM/SINCGARS
MSRT
Ship-Shore-Ship Link 11
Over-the-Horizon Radar
Perimeter Detection
Security Sensor
UAV
IntruderDetection Radar
Beacons
Position Location
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Security
MEDEVAC
ATC, REMBASS, Battlefield SensorsEmergency
Locator, Rescue
Radar,
MW Landing
TACAN
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
Tactical UHF (Ter/SAT) EPLRS Tactical MW
UAV
RF TagsVIICS
Wireless Comm, BattlegroupCellular
JTIDSUHF, AM
UGV D/L, Sonobuoy
MSE/HAVEQUICK
Flight Deck Soldier Intercom UAV
Control, Sonobuoy
Search Radar
Radar
Intrusion Detection
Tac VHF
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Tactical PCSSecurity
MEDEVAC
ATC, REMBASS, Battlefield SensorsEmergency
Locator, Rescue
Radar,
MW Landing
TACAN
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
100 MHz
200 MHz
300 MHz
400 MHz
500 MHz
600 MHz
700 MHz
800 MHz
900 MHz
1000 MHz
Tactical UHF (Ter/SAT) EPLRS Tactical MW
UAV
RF TagsVIICS
Wireless Comm, BattlegroupCellular
JTIDSUHF, AM
UGV D/L, Sonobuoy
MSE/HAVEQUICK
Flight Deck Soldier Intercom UAV
Control, Sonobuoy
Search Radar
Radar
Intrusion Detection
Tac VHF
JTRS Clusters Implementation
Tactical PCS
TACANL2, L4/L3, L1
MSE, Tactical WB, Precision Munitions,
UAV, UGV
2 GHz
3GHz
4 GHz
5 GHz
6 GHz
21 GHz
30 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
2 GHz
3GHz
4 GHz
5 GHz
6 GHz
21 GHz
30 GHz
40 GHz
1 GHz
Tropo
Fire Control/Tracking Radar,
MW SensorDSCS
TerrainRadar
Surveillance,Fire Control Radar
EHF Radio,BCIS
Acquisition/Surveillance/ATC Radar/INMARSAT/
IRIDIUM/ICIDSSurveillance/Search/
FC Radar
UAV
MW Landing
Challenge Athena, INMARSAT
MW,Sensor
CDL, TCDL,SCDL, WB DLs
Data Link MILSTAR,GBS
GBS
Search, Fire Control Radar
UAV
IFF,GPS L5
Intrusion Detection
JTRS Clusters Implementation
GPS
UGV,Missile DL
Soldier Radio,Wireless LAN
DoD’s Growing Spectrum Requirements Warfighter Spectrum Use Below 40 GHz
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• Instrumental in the new DSO and in implementing the President’s Initiative: The Defense Spectrum Management Architecture (DSMA), the Department’s enterprise architecture for Spectrum Management, will be developed:– To address how the Department manages and uses
the electromagnetic Spectrum today and in the future in order to ensure continued DOD access to required spectrum.
– The DSMA will include a robust, common set of architecture products which will provide decision makers and their supporting staff with operational, systems and technical elements involved with conducting spectrum management for net-centric operations.
KEY FRAMEWORK:DSMA
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As - Is
Net-centric SM(To-Be)
• Multiple versions to be developed– V1.0
• As-Is (2006) (Full Set of Artifacts)
– To-Be (Objective)• Select Artifacts will describe To-Be
Increments
• Timeframes: 2008, 2012, 2016, 2020
• 2002 - - As described in the DoD Net-centric Spectrum Management Strategy
• DSMA provides a common view for defining SM Transformation
– Transition Strategy will define SM migration stages – desired capabilities
– SM Roadmap will guide implementation through each stage
• Policy
• Processes
• Systems/Tools
Defense Spectrum Management Architecture “The Blueprint for DoD’s SM Transformation”
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Spectrum Management ProcessRequired Evolution
• Long Setup Times:– Engineering for thousands of assignments– Extensive Host Nation (HN) coordination
• Tactical Planning: Extensive and cumbersome for each engagement, contingency, and AOR
• Spectrum Inflexibility: Static assignments dictate paucity in dynamic, RF rich environments
• Spectrum Scarcity: Throughput limitations due to spectrum bandwidth constraints
• Sub-Optimization: Future potential net-centricity restricted by existing practices
• Near-Zero Setup Time:– Configure system operating parameters
via software– Standards approach will enable pre-
coordinated HN agreements
• Adaptive Tactical Planning: Automated adaptation to regional, local, and tactical policies
• Dynamic Spectrum Management: Provides assured access to and efficient utilization of spectrum
• Spectrum Utilization Optimized: Spectrum Bandwidth-on-demand
• Spectrum enables Net-Centricity:– Spectrum no longer a constraining factor– Minimizes Spectrum “Fratricide”
TodayTodayTodayToday Future Goals (2015)Future Goals (2015)Future Goals (2015)Future Goals (2015)
“Instrument” the Network to Assure Spectrum Access“Instrument” the Network to Assure Spectrum Access
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Self-Syncing Spectrum Use
Vision for TransformingSpectrum Management
DS3
SpectrumXXI
SpectrumM&S
GIG
EnterpriseServices
Standard Data StructureWeb-based/Automated SM Processes
Predictive Planning
JTRS
WIN-T
NetForce
Common Spectrum Information Resources/Environment
Deliberate/Deployment/Operational Planning
5
6
4
Shared Information Environment
SpectrumSituationalAwareness
Adaptive Spectrum Control
Improved Spectrum Efficiency
Bandwidth on Demand
Sense & Adjust
Cognitive Spectrum
Use
1 2 3
Red Force Commercial
Blue Force
Near-Term - 2010
Mid-Term - 2015Far-Term - 2020
8
REORGANIZATION: 2006
DoD transformation in spectrum management:
• The Defense Spectrum Office (strategic planning) and the Joint Spectrum Center (engineering) will merge in mid-year to form the new DEFENSE SPECTRUM ORGANIZATION
• This new DSO will combine both previous entities’ core competencies into a one-stop shop for enabling Net-Centric strategy within the spectrum management community.
+
=…Power to the Edge for the Warfighter!
9
AFFMA
MCEB
FrequencyPanel
Unified &Specified
Commands
Joint FrequencyManagement
Office
Technical Support Technical Support
Service Unique
Joint
Spectrum*
ManagementDirectorate
NMSCASMO
JSC
DSO
Joint Staff DASD(S2)
ASD(NII) Inter-Agency Coordination
Inter-Agency Coordination
DoD Representation
Inter-Agency Coordination
MilSec
Changes in DoD Spectrum Management “Coordination Channels”
OSM
IRAC
DEFENSE
SPECTRUM
ORGANIZATION
MERGING MAY 2006
MERGING MAY 2006
10
DoD Strategic Spectrum Plan(30 November 2005)
DoD Strategic Spectrum Plan Submitted to the Department of Commerce
(In Response to The Presidential Spectrum Policy Reform Initiative)
Key Conclusions:
• Spectrum requirements growth will be significant through 2015 and beyond
• DoD’s most significant spectrum requirements growth will occur in the spectrum bands below 3 GHz
• While bands above 3 GHz are not as densely occupied as the lower bands today, they are critical to future DoD systems and growth is expected here as well
• Any loss of spectrum access to DoD, either nationally or internationally, through reallocation or other means will exacerbate DoD’s challenge to meet future spectrum requirements
11
KEY THEMES FOR 2006-2007 (1)International
• The World Radio Conference (WRC) – A Global Forum, Held Every Two to Five Years, to Update/Modify the International Radio Regulations, which form the Basis on Which Individual Countries and Regions Develop Their Own Radio Regulations. The Ability of Our Forces to Gain Access to Spectrum Globally is Dependent On Radio Regulations of the Countries in Which We Operate!
•DoD’s goals with respect to WRC-07:•Prior to the Conference, to INFORM
•US Spectrum Decision Makers Need to Understand Future Impact on Military Operations •Changes in Radio Regulations will Heavily Influence Acquisition and Operational Decisions
•During the Conference, to INFLUENCE•Negotiate Modifications to the Radio Regulations to Maximize U.S. Military Access to Spectrum •Develop Close Relationships With Military and Civilian Spectrum Managers in Other Administrations
12
KEY THEMES FOR 2006-2007 (2)International
• DoD Actively Engaged in all US and Regional Preparatory Activities for WRC-07
• DoD Priority Focus on certain WRC-07 Agenda Items, including
• IMT-2000 Frequency Allocations
• Additional Allocations to Civil Aeronautical Mobile
• Satellite Network Coordination Procedures
• MF & HF Band Review
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KEY THEMES FOR 2006-2007 (3)Emerging Spectrum Technologies
• Initiative: Spectrum Scorecards– Purpose: To develop a system engineering
methodology to promote consideration of spectrum efficiency, effectiveness, and supportability
– Key Objectives:• To provide a spectrum efficiency and effectiveness
trade-off analysis methodology for program managers.• To meet policy and regulatory challenges of spectrum
valuation, efficiency, and effectiveness.
14
KEY THEMES FOR 2006-2007 (4)Emerging Spectrum Technologies
• Initiative: Spectrum Test Beds– Purpose: To establish wireless and spectrum testbed
capabilities to assess and measure performance of spectrum access methods, systems, and components in a networked environment.
– Key Objectives:• To evaluate emerging technologies under realistic scenarios to
provide foundation for new policy and doctrine for future wireless systems and spectrum access.
• To address bandwidth limitation of dense wireless networks and the relationships and dependencies between emerging wireless operational concepts and emerging spectrum management approaches.
• To develop foundation for operational management of wireless network devices to support dynamic spectrum operations and realization of bandwidth-on-demand.
15
Spectrum Testbed Initiative Objective & Goals
• Evaluate emerging technologies under realistic scenarios• To identify and mitigate spectrum-related issues • To provide foundation for new policy and doctrine for future
spectrum access and management
• Assess the relationships and dependencies between emerging DoD operational concepts and emerging spectrum management approaches
• Monitor Advances So New Capabilities Are Integrated Into Operations Without Delay
• Develop Partnerships Between Industry and Government
To promote wireless and spectrum testbed initiatives that provide simulation and hardware facilities to assess and
measure performance of innovative spectrum access methods, systems, and components
16
KEY THEMES FOR 2006-2007 (5)National
• The President’s Spectrum Initiative: Current economic analysis reflects a view of defense-use spectrum as merely a commercial commodity, and overwhelmingly reflects a narrow “property rights” view of spectrum usage – as the Initiative moves towards concrete policy prescriptions this year, industry and the academy must be made aware of
• the impact on taxpayers
• on U.S. payments for access to spectrum overseas
• the impact of loss of military budget assets to pay for existing and future spectrum needs for military defense; and
• potential economic losses from the consequences of eroded defense capabilities.
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SPECTRUM POLICY FOR THE 21st CENTURY – The
Implementation Plan to Carryout the President’s
Spectrum Policy Initiative and Direction
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEDONALD L. EVANS, SECRETARY
MICHAEL D. GALLAGHER, ASSISTANT SECRETARY
FOR COMMUNICATIONS AND INFORMATIONMAY 2005
Report 1: Federal
Report 2: State, Local, Private
9 Recommendations
15 Recommendations
June 2004 30 Nov 2004
President’s Memorandum
May 2005
Implementation Plan
Directed Implementation of All 24 Recommendations
Plus Additional Tasks
• OMB Proposals expected by year-end 2006• May include incentive pricing
After the I-Plan, the Real Work Begins
President’s Spectrum Policy InitiativeBackground on Implementation Plan
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Key Points
• DoD Network-Centric Operations Requires Assured Seamless and Autonomous Spectrum Access
• New technologies are fundamental to resolving future spectrum shortfalls
• DoD Spectrum Management community participating in various adaptive spectrum access programs to ensure parallel technology/policy development
Making Spectrum AccessTransparent to the Users
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