View
270
Download
7
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Andreas Reil
Market Segment Automotive
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG
Automotive Radar
COMPANY RESTRICTED
R&S test solutions for Automotive
Automotive Radar Solutions Automotive Bus SystemsCar2Car / Car2X
GNSS / eCall Audio / Video / InfotainmentEMC
R&S© TS9982
R&S© BBA
Complete EMC
measurement solutions.
R&S© CMWR&S© BTC
R&S© UPV
Evaluate the
quality of infotainment systems
R&S© SMZ
Verification of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems
Bus analysis with dedicated options
for CAN/LIN, FlexRay, SENT and
BroadR-Reach
R&S© CMW
R&S© CBT
R&S© SMW
Communication and Interference
R&S© SMBV
R&S© CMW
GNSS Simulation Solutions
R&S© RTO
R&S© RTM
R&S© ITS100
R&S© RTH
R&S© SMF
R&S© FSW
R&S© ARTS
R&S© UPV
R&S© RTO
R&S© ZVA
R&S© FSW
R&S© ESW
R&S© ESR
R&S© SFE
R&S© UPP
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Testing
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 3
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Testing
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 4
Automotive Radar
Rohde & Schwarz Solutions for Automotive Radar
COMPANY RESTRICTED
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 5
ADAS Technology overview
For short range detection,
ultrasonic sensors could be
used (e.g. parking distance).
A complete view of the
environment can be
achieved using cameras.
Source: parksave.com.au
Source: Continental
Source: Mercedes-Benz
cheap small range High range Sensitive to day / night
Resolution Expensive (cost + calculation)
Source: Continental
Radars can be used for
long- and short range views.
Insensitive to light changes.
Range Data Processing
For long range
detection, Lidar sensors
could be used.
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Radar Measurement
Distance
Measure the time of flight (ToF) in order to calculate
the distance:
𝑑 =𝑐0𝑡
2With 𝑐0 being the speed of light and 𝑡 the ToF.
Having a pulsed radar …
time
Received pulse𝑡
am
plit
ud
e
Transmitted pulse
time
𝑡
fre
qu
en
cy
… and a FMCW radar
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 6
COMPANY RESTRICTED
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 7
Radar Measurement
Speed – the Doppler Effect
Pulsed Radar – two successive measurements
FMCW Radar – exploit the Doppler shift
White Paper 1MA239: Radar Waveforms
for A&D and Automotive Radar
Application Note 1MA256: Real-Time
Radar Target Generation
higher frequency
lower frequency
𝑓𝑑 =2𝑓𝑇𝑐0
∙ 𝑣
COMPANY RESTRICTED
∆𝑅 =𝑐0 ∙ 𝜏
2∆𝑅 =
𝑐02𝐵
Pulsed FMCW
Bandwidth
Radar Measurement
Range Resolution
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 8
Sufficient range resolution Insufficient range resolution
Source: radartutorial.eu
COMPANY RESTRICTED
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 9
Common types of radar usage
Pulsed Radar
FMCW Radar
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Overview 10
Signal Analysis
Interference Testing
Target Generation
Radome
Measurement
Automotive Radar Testing
Product
definition
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Overview 11
Signal Analysis
Interference Testing
Target Generation
Radome
Measurement
Automotive Radar Testing
Product
definition
COMPANY RESTRICTED
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 12
FMCW Radar Measurement
Range Speed + Range
Radar Cross Section Range ResolutionAngle of Arrival
COMPANY RESTRICTED
• Operating at 24 and 76 GHz automotive radar
bands.*
• Up to 1000 MHz bandwidth
• Delay Range: 9m – 2400m
step size: 6cm
• Speed Range: 0km/h – 700km/h
step size: < 4mm/s
*) Other frequencies on request.
ARTS 9510 – Automotive Radar Test Simulator
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 14
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Radar Production Testing
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 14
DUT
ARTS
0.5m
DUT Corner
reflector
5m
7m
not to scale
Competitor
Technology
Rohde & Schwarz
solution
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Transmitted Signal
Received Signal
ARTS 9510 – Automotive Radar Test Simulator
Doppler-shifted spectrum. Frequency: 1kHz Time Delayed Pulse. Delay: 932ns
𝑓𝐷 =2𝑣
𝜆Doppler frequency:
Resulting speed: 𝑣 = 7𝑘𝑚
ℎ
Δ𝑡 =2𝑟
𝑐0Round Trip Delay:
𝑟 = 80𝑚Resulting range:
Velocity Simulation: Distance Simulation:
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 15
1kHzLO
signal
COMPANY RESTRICTED
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 16
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Distance / Delay
Sp
ee
d / D
op
ple
r
target
Possible
location
Our car
Speed: 80 km/hTarget 1
Speed: 80 km/h
Distance: 100 m
Both targets
have the same
speedNo Doppler
offset
Scenario 1: Same Speed
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 17
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Target 2
Speed: 180 km/h
Distance: increasing
Doppler negative Doppler
Delay Increasing delay
Scenario II: Two targets but different speeds
target 1
Possible
location
Distance / Delay
Sp
ee
d / D
op
ple
r
target 2
23.06.2017 Andreas Reil – Technology and Promotion Engineer 18
Our car
Speed: 80 km/hTarget 1
Speed: 75 km/h
Distance: decreasing
Positive Doppler
Decreasing delay
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Radar Target Generation
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 19
DUT
LAN
Laptop with viewer software
ARTS
Distance
Amplitude
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Radar Target Generation
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 20
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Overview 21
Signal Analysis
Interference Testing
Target Generation
Radome
Measurement
Automotive Radar Testing
Product
definition
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Range and Radial Velocity Measurement
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 22
Transmit signal Receive signal
f(t)
t
𝑣𝑐𝑎𝑟 = 0𝑚
𝑠𝑣𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑡 = 0
𝑚
𝑠
R
𝜏
𝑓𝐵
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣=
𝜏
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼⇒ 𝑓𝐵 =
𝜏
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼∙ 𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
Using: 𝑅 =𝑐
2∙ 𝜏
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑓𝐵
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑅 =𝑐
2∙𝑓𝐵𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼Target Range:
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Range and Radial Velocity Measurement
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 23
Transmit signal Receive signal
f(t)
t
𝑣𝑐𝑎𝑟 = 0𝑚
𝑠𝑣𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑡 ≠ 0
𝑚
𝑠
R
𝜏
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑓𝐵1
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑓𝐵1 = 𝑓𝑅 + 𝑓𝐷
𝑓𝐵1 =2
𝑐
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑅 −2
𝜆𝑣𝑟
Single equation with two unknowns:
not solvable
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Range and Radial Velocity Measurement
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 24
Transmit signal Receive signal
f(t)
t
𝑣𝑐𝑎𝑟 = 0𝑚
𝑠𝑣𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒𝑡 ≠ 0
𝑚
𝑠
R
𝜏
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑓𝐵1
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑓𝐵2
𝑓𝐵2 = −2
𝑐
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑅 −2
𝜆𝑣𝑟𝑓𝐵1 =
2
𝑐
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑅 −2
𝜆𝑣𝑟
Equations solvable for 𝑅 and 𝑣𝑟
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Range and Radial Velocity Measurement
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 25
Transmit signal Receive signal
f(t)
t𝜏
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑓𝐵1
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑓𝐵2
Range
Speed
Ghost Targets
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Range and Radial Velocity Measurement
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 26
Transmit signal Receive signal
f(t)
t𝜏
𝑓𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑓𝐵1
𝑇𝐶𝑃𝐼
𝑓𝐵2
Range
Speed
Ghost Targets
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Range and Radial Velocity Measurement
6/23/2017 Automotive Radar 27
vr
R
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Transient Analysis Option for the
R&S®FSW Signal and Spectrum Analyzer
Analysis of FMCW Radar Signals in Automotive Applications28
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Overview 29
Signal Analysis
Interference Testing
Target Generation
Radome
Measurement
Automotive Radar Testing
Product
definition
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Radar Interference Testing
Automotive Radar 30
Radar Under
Test (RUT)
Target
simulation
Source: Continental
Interference
Simulation
6/23/2017
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Signal Generation Possibilities
Multiplicationı Limitation to Frequency Modulation
ı Bandwidth scales
Automotive Radar 31
R&S® SMW
12.6…13.5 GHz
R&S®
SMZ90
76 … 81 GHz
DUT
6/23/2017
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Signal Generation Possibilities
Mixer
Automotive Radar 32
10 … 15 GHz
11 GHz
E-Band
Upconverter
76 … 81 GHz
DUT
Or
R&S® SMB
R&S® SMF
R&S® SMW
IF
LO
6/23/2017
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Transmitted SignalUp- Down Chirp transmitted by radarbook
Automotive Radar 33
Source: Inras
6/23/2017
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Measurement Results
Automotive Radar 34
Transmitted chirp
Interfering chirp
6/23/2017
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Measurement Results
Automotive Radar 356/23/2017
no interference
50us pulse
600 MHz chirp
20dB SNR35dB SNR50dB SNR
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Automotive Radar Overview 36
Signal Analysis
Interference Testing
Target Generation
Radome
Measurement
Automotive Radar Testing
Product
definition
COMPANY RESTRICTED
Recommended