ATMOSFERSKA KEMIJA

ATMOSFERSKA KEMIJADio slika je iz kolegija koji je prošle godine vodio prof. Udo Frieß, Institut za fiziku okoliša Ruprecht-Karls Sveučilišta u Heidelbergu.

N2O

NO2

NO2 pollution levels in Europe, from January 2003 to June 2004.

Claude Monet, 1900

Great London smog of 1952

Inversion

Smoke rising in Lochcarron is stopped by an overlying layer of warmer air.

Katabatic wind

James Lovelock

Dichlorodifluoromethane, CFC-12, Freon 12

Trichlorofluoromethane, CFC-11, Freon 11

Nitrous oxide

++

++

Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals

Formation of Hydroxyl Radicals

Ozone: O3

Ozone: O3

Molecular

Oxygen: O2

Molecular

Oxygen: O2

Excited Oxygen Atom: O(1D)

Excited Oxygen Atom: O(1D)

Water Vapor:

H2O

Water Vapor:

H2OHydroxy

l Radical:

OH

Hydroxyl

Radical: OH

Hydroxyl

Radical: OH

Hydroxyl

Radical: OH

•Add NaCl particles to chamber

•Add humid air to a relative humidity above NaCl deliquescence point

•Add NaCl particles to chamber

•Add humid air to a relative humidity above NaCl deliquescence point

CEMMC

T

water regulated temperature

control

CPC

DMA

gas inlet

P, T, %RH

560L Stainless Steel and Aluminum Chamber

FTIR

Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS)

Aerosol Generation and Measurement

Atmospheric Pressure Ionization Mass Spec (API-MS)

Spectrometer

Q1 Q3

Xelamp

photolysis lamps

Spectrometer

Aerosol Chamber

(Top View)

Aerosol Chamber

(Top View)

•Add ozone•Photolyze at 254 nm (generate OH radicals)•Measure gaseous reactants and products using FTIR, DOAS, and API-MS.

•Add ozone•Photolyze at 254 nm (generate OH radicals)•Measure gaseous reactants and products using FTIR, DOAS, and API-MS.

Aerosol interfacial chemistryAerosol interfacial chemistry

Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts

UC Irvine, 1997

Slide by Eladio Knipping

O3 , H2O2O3 , H2O2 OHOH

O3 , H2O2O3 , H2O2

OH + Cl– OH + Cl–

Known Aqueous

Phase Chemistry

Known Aqueous

Phase Chemistry

Cl2Cl2 Cl2Cl2

Potential Surface Reactions

Potential Surface Reactions

OH•Cl–

+ OH•Cl–

OH•Cl–

+ OH•Cl–

Cl– Cl– OHOHO3O3

2 OH– 2 OH– Cl2Cl2

Proposed Mechanism for Cl2 ProductionProposed Mechanism for Cl2 Production

Knipping,, Lakin, Foster Jungwirth, Tobias, Gerber, Dabdub, Finlayson-Pitts, Science, April 2000IRVINE-PRAGUE-JERUSALEM collaboration

http://www.met.tamu.edu/class/ATMO689-GS/

ATMO 689: Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry Fall 2007

Instructor: Dr. Gunnar Schade1          Definitions; Review of periodic table and electron configurations

2          Radiation and spectroscopy review; O2 and O3 photolysis

3          Kinetics; Basic atmo-chemistry reactions: CO, CH4, O3, NOy, HOx, lifetimes

4          Atmospheric CO, CH4, and NOx budgets

5          NOx and HOx cycling in the troposphere

6          Analytical instrumentation for basic air quality measurements; mid term exam

7          Review of Organic Chemistry

8          Tropospheric hydrocarbon chemistry

9          Photochemical ozone pollution; NOy-chemistry

10        Tropospheric sulfur chemistry, atmospheric sulfur cycle

11        Atmospheric aerosols I

12        Atmospheric Aerosols II; Stratospheric Chemistry I

13        Stratospheric Chemistry II

14        Special Topic and Review

15        Review and final exam