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Hainanishighlydependentonexternalenergysupplyincluding
oil,coalandre inedproducts.75%ofelectricityisgeneratedbycoal,only25%bywindandsolar.80%ofhydroresourceshavebeendeveloped.
WindisconsideredanidealenergyalternativeforHainan.Tap-pingintowindenergycanhelpaddressconcernsofenergyself-suf iciencyandemissionreduction.
Theprimaryspatialquestionthisprojectattemptstoansweris:WhatareasontheIslandarebestsuitableforbuildingwindfarms,giventhenecessityofthereconciliationbetweenthegeographicaldistributionofHainan’swindenergyresourcesandits‘tourismirst’industrialdevelopmentgoal?
Step1:CriteriaSetting
11factorshavebeenidenti iedaskeyfactorsofwindfarmingsuitability:WindPowerDensity,LandSlope,PowerTransmis-sionLine,HistoricalSites,Roads,Highways,Population,NationalReserves,LandCover,LakesandAirports.Step2:DataPreparationDatasetsofthesefactorswerecollected,projectedatWGS_1984_UTM_Zone_49Nandclippeduniformly.11dataras-terizedlayerswereproducedandeachrepresentsasuitabilityfactor.
Step3:SuitabilityClassi icationandScoringEachsuitabilityfactorwasre-classi iedinto5categoriesrangingfromascoreof5(thestrongest)to1(theweakest).NationalReserves,LandCover,LakesandAirportswereren-deredavalueofeither1or0.Step4:TotalScoreCalculation Allfactorlayerswerenumerically‘addedup’byusingthetoolofRasterCalculator.Thecalculationequationis:
WindPowerDensity*130%+LandSlope+PowerTrans-missionLine*70%+HistoricalSites+Roads*50%+Highways*50%+Population)*(NationalReserves*LandCover*Lakes*Airports)Step5:FinalResultLayerReclassi icationWhenthe inalresultwasderivedbycalculation,itwasre-classi ied.Thehighestscoringareasarethemostsuitable.
Hainanhasfavorableconditionsfordevelopingwindgenera-tioncapacity.Themostsuitableareawhichfallsinthe‘HighlySuitable’Classtotalsmorethan300squarekilometers,roughlyonehundredthofthetotalareaofHainan.
However,suitabilityofwindfarmsitingisunevenlydistribut-edgeograhically.DongfangShianditsneighboringChangjiangLiZizhixian,bothlocatedonthewestcoast,arethemostsuitableareasconstitutingabout95%ofthemosteligiblearea.Therearetwowindcorridors,oneisNorth-Southboundalongthewestcoastwithadistanceofapproxi-mately45km,theotherisSouthwest-Northeastboundex-pandingfromthewestcoasttowardtheinlandformorethan50km.
Whilethereisplentyofon-shorewindpowergenerationpo-tentialinHainan,greaterpotentialactuallyliesonthesea.Morethanhalfofthehighesteligibleareaislocatedwithin2kmoffthewestcoast.
Hainanisthesmallestprovincebutthelargestislandunderthe
jurisdictionofChina.LocatedinthesoutherntipoftheChinesemainland,Hainanhasanareaof33,920squarekilometers,threetimesofHawaiiIslandandonefourthofFloridaState.Dubbedas
China’sHawaii,Hainanstrivestobecomean‘internationaltourismisland’by2020.
Assessment of Wind Farm Si ng Suitability in Hainan Island (China)
Where is Hainan Island?
Why Hainan Needs Wind Farms?
How? 5 Steps
Zoom In: Most Suitable Area
11 Suitability Factors
Discovery
Mission: Find the Most Suitable Area
Cartographer:XiandengYi
Projec on: WGS_1984_UTM_Zone_49N Date: April 28, 2013
Data Sources: Na onal Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), The Consulta ve Group on Interna onal Agricultural Research version of Shu le
Radar Topographic Mission (CGIAR SRTM), European Comission Joint Research Centre Global Environment Monitoring Unit, Digital Chart of the
World, The LandScan 2005, Google Earth, China Census 2000 , ESRIDataMaps10, World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), GeoMarke ng
(GFK)
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