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Jamie Jonker, Ph.D
Vice President, Sustainability & Scientific Affairs
National Milk Producers Federation
ANIMAL CARE,
ANTIBIOTICS,
ENVIRONMENT,
AND MORE
PROGRAM BACKGROUND
The dairy industry, through National Milk Producers Federation (NMPF) with support from Dairy Management, Inc. initiated a voluntary program named FARM: Farmers Assuring Responsible Management in 2009
PROGRAM HISTORY
PROGRAM GOAL
Assure to CONSUMERS & CUSTOMERS that dairy farmers raise and care for their animals and land in a humane and ethical manner.
PROGRAM GROWTH
FARM ANIMAL CARE
FARM ANIMAL CARE BY THE NUMBERS
115 Participating Co-ops and/or Proprietary Processors
Covers 98% of the United States domestic milk supply in 49 states
Over 50,000 2nd party evaluations completed to date
Over 370 trained FARM Animal Care Evaluators
FARM ANIMAL CARE BACKGROUND
• FARM offers a continuous improvement process to ensure a high level of on-farm animal care.
• FARM sets the highest standards that encourages dairy farmers to continually improve.
WHO MAKES DECISIONS ABOUT FARM ANIMAL CARE?
FARM Animal Care is updated every 3 years by the FARM Animal Care Technical Writing Group which consist of:
• Farmers
• Academics
• Veterinarians
• Cooperative staff
PROGRAM COMPONENTS
Best Management
Practices
Third-Party
Verification
Second-Party
Evaluations
Pre-Interview
Interview Questions
Animal Observations
Closing Interview
Follow-up; Action Plans
ANIMAL CARE CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
Version 1.0
(2009 – 2012)
Version 2.0
(2013 – 2016)
Voluntary
Participation
Tail-Docking Phase-
Out 2022
Voluntary Action
Plans
Mandatory
Participation
Version 3.0
(2017 – 2020)
Probation/
Suspension Critical Control
Points
Mandatory
Corrective Action
Plans
Tail Docking Phase-
Out 2017
Training, VCPR, Cow
Care Agreement
Greater
accountability
OTHER INDUSTRY PROGRAM COMPARISON
Educational
Manuals, Resources
& Self Assessment
Educational
Manuals, Resources
& Self Assessment
Optional
Packer/Processor
Audit
Optional
Assessment for
Feedyards
Educational
Manuals, Resources
& Self Assessment
Mandatory
2nd-Party Evaluations
on all dairies
Mandatory
3rd Party
Verifications
FARM ANIMAL CARE VERSION 3.0 2017 - 2019
VERSION 3.0 PRIORITY AREAS: PHASE 1
VETERINARY CLIENT PATIENT RELATIONSHIP
• Official form signed by Veterinarian of Record
DAIRY CATTLE CARE ETHICS & TRAINING FORM
• Signed by all employees with animal care responsibilities
• Signed annually
• Indicates:
• Received training in stockmanship AND area of responsibility;
• Will not abuse animals/Will report any mistreatment that occurs
NO TAIL DOCKING
FAILURE TO COMPLY WILL RESULT IN A
MANDATORY CORRECTIVE ACTION PLAN (MCAP)
VERSION 3.0 PRIORITY AREAS: PHASE 2
HERD HEALTH PLAN
• Protocols for newborn and milk-fed dairy calves.
• Protocols for pain management.
• Protocols and training for non-ambulatory animal management.
• Protocols for euthanasia.
ANIMAL OBSERVATIONS
• Lameness
• Body Condition
• Hock/Knee
FAILURE TO COMPLY WILL RESULT IN A
CONTINUIOUS IMPROVEMENT PLAN (CIP)
FARM 3.0 ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURES
FARM 2nd
Party
Evaluation
“No”
answered
to any
PRIORITY 2
“No”
answered
to any
PRIORITY 1
Mandatory
Corrective
Action Plan
Suspension
from FARM
Program
MCAP failure
triggers 60 day
Probation
- 14 Months -
Continuous
Improvement
Plan
VERSION 3.0 BY THE NUMBERS
Mandatory Corrective Action Plans
• Signed Annual VCPR: 1,414
• Annual Employee Training: 763
• Tail Docking: 69
Continuous Improvement Plans
• Newborn and Milk-Fed Dairy Calf Protocols: 2,158
• Diseased/Injured Animal Pain Protocols: 1,988
• Non-Ambulatory Animal Protocols: 1,560
• Euthanasia Protocols: 1,884
• Locomotion Score: 101
• Body Condition Score: 115
• Hock and Knee Lesions: 173
• Feed (Regular/Non-Ambulatory): 17
• Water: 337
Average Time to Resolve
Mandatory Corrective Action Plans
16.1 weeks
Version 3.0 Evaluations: 7,152
Average Time to Resolve
Continuous Improvement Plans
19.4 weeks
RESOURCES TO MEET REQUIREMENTS
• Animal Care Reference Manual
• FARM Self Assessment Tool
• Sample VCPR
• Sample Dairy Cattle Care Ethics Agreement
• Training Log
• Emergency Contacts Poster
• Culling Poster
• Fillable Herd Health Plan Protocols
• Example Herd Health Plan
• Training Resources
• Dairy Stockmanship Video
http://www.nationaldairyfarm.com/resource-library
INTERNATIONAL ANIMAL WELFARE STANDARDS
Recognizing this reality, a five year journey was started to develop a tool that could be used by industry to further the international adoption of the OIE standards and ensure that any industry animal welfare schemes at least met the science-based standards set by the OIE.
• TS 34700 Published
December 1, 2016.
WHY IS THIS NEW ISO TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION IS IMPORTANT?
• If widely implemented by the private sector, it could facilitate the adoption of the OIE animal welfare standards in developing countries and improve the living conditions of animals raised for food production around the world.
• Establishes a strong framework for ensuring that industry animal welfare standards and programs are rooted in science and enjoy international acceptance.
• Potentially minimizes the cost to small and large livestock producers and other market participants by not having to undergo multiple audits to ensure they are raising, transporting and harvesting their livestock humanely.
INTERNATIONAL TRADE ORGANIZATION CERTIFICATION
•FARM Animal Care
• First animal welfare program to be certified
• Program meets international standards for animal care
• Trust from dairy customers and trade
FARM ANIMAL CARE VERSION 4.0 2020 – 2022
TASK FORCE UPDATESTie Stall
• Situation Analysis Paper Completed | January 2018• Recommendations to Technical Writing Group | In Development
Hygiene• Scoring System Update: Values and Area of Body• Recommendations to Technical Writing Group | February 2nd
Locomotion• On sites: Dairy, Feed Yard, Packing Plant• Definitions of Scores• Recommendations to Technical Writing Group Provided
Animal Observation• Analysis of herd demographic and accuracy of sample
3rd Party Sampling• 200 Verifications in 2 pulls | 100: Jan-June Evaluations | 100: July-December Evaluations• USDA-AMS & FSNS
VERSION 4.0 TIMELINENovember 2017: Animal Health and Well-Being Committee Meeting
• FDA, USDA, Antibiotic Stewardship, FARM, Emerging Issues, Task Force Updates
January 2018: Technical Writing Group Meeting• Task Force Research & Recommendation Review
May 2018: Revision of Animal Care Manual Begins• SWOT Analysis of Version 3.0
May 2019: Version 4.0 Outreach and Trainings• Preparation for Launch—Technical Writing Group training
January 2020: Evaluations on Version 4.0 Begin
FARM ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP
PERCENT OF BULK MILK TANKERS POSITIVE FOR ANTIBIOTIC RESIDUES
0.011%
0.00%
0.02%
0.04%
0.06%
0.08%
0.10%
0.12%
YearData from National Milk Drug Residue Data Base
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
2013 2014 2015
Nu
mb
er
of
Vio
lati
on
s
Other Drugs
Sulfamethazine
Flunixin
Sulfadimethoxine
Penicillin
Desfuroylceftiofur
ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP IMPROVEMENT – TISSUES RESIDUES
WHY IS RESPONSIBLE ANTIBIOTIC USE ON DAIRIES• Use of antibiotics is critical to prevention of and relief of animal
suffering
• Antibiotics are valuable resources for maintaining health and welfare and we would like them to continue to be effective for both animals and humans
• There has not been a new class of food animal antibiotics since 1978 (Cephalosporins)
• Part of responsible drug use is working to limit drug use
• Use of any drugs in food animal medicine carries with it a responsibility to maintain food safety that we do not take lightly
FARM AND RESPONSIBLE ANTIBIOTIC USE
• Requires a documented Veterinary Client Patient Relationship
• Requires a Herd Health Plan be developed in conjunction with the Veterinarian
• Protocols for Vaccination/Disease Prevention
• Protocols for disease or injury diagnosis and Treatment
• Provides resources to dairies and veterinarians on appropriate drug use
• Label Indications
• Withhold times for meat and milk
FARM ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP RESOURCES
FARM ANTIBIOTIC STEWARDSHIP AND FARM ANIMAL CARE
LOOKING FORWARD
FARM ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP
FARM ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP
WHO
• A voluntary option for any participant in the FARM
• Program Participating companies must opt-into the new module in the FARM database
WHAT
• A model to generate a dairy’s carbon and energy footprint
• 48 inputs needed to generate the output results that explain 98% of the variability in a farms carbon footprint
ESTIMATED GLOBAL GHG EMISSIONS FROM DAIRY FARMING
UNITED NATIONS FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION
FARM ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP GHG CALCULATOR FOR DAIRY FARMS
CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT
• Worked with World Wildlife Fund to assemble an Independent Technical Review Panel of academics, farmers, NGOs, and industry specialist to include in the FARM ES Continuous Improvement Reference Manual
• Working with partners such as Newtrient, USDA-NRCS, and University of Wisconsin to help farmers find more value in improved environmental outcomes
GHG IMPROVEMENT AREAS
1. Feed
2. Productivity
3. Manure
4. Energy
HUMAN RESOURCES
• June 2017: Costco convenes “Taskforce” of major dairy customers to discuss worker safety in Denver, CO. • Target, Starbucks, Safeway/Albertsons, Walmart, Dannon & others participate along with
NMPF, IDFA & Darigold• United Farm Workers co-chairs meeting with Costco
• August/September 2017: Front-page articles on dairy worker deaths appear in Washington Post, New York Times & other publications • Ben & Jerry’s partners with Farm Worker Justice to announce sweeping “worker welfare”
commitments in October 2017—makes headline news
• September 2017: NMPF convenes “Worker Safety Taskforce” to discuss issue• Group consensus is that industry must act
• January 2018: Worker Safety Taskforce convenes again—outlines next steps for industry engagement
43
ISSUE HISTORY & TIMELINE
• Worker Safety Resources • Worker Safety self-assessment & Safety Plan
Template(s)
• Worker Safety Manual • OSHA “Dairy Dozen”
• Rollout Communications Plan • Demonstrate ROI to producers
• “Human Resources” Resources • Legal Factsheets
• Sample Employee Handbook
• Employee Benefits Survey
• Training/Employee Management Template(s)
45
WORKER SAFETY & HUMAN RESOURCES: 2018 DELIVERABLES
CONSUMER/CUSTOMER OUTREACH
Chobani supports the Farmer's Assuring Responsible Management (FARM) animal welfare program. All farms supplying milk to Chobani must participate in the program. FARM encourages continuous improvement and use of best management practices.
ALDI encourages the dairy farms from which we source our milk and dairy products to participate in the National Dairy FARM Program: Farmers Assuring Responsible Management. This program provides best practices on animal care topics in the dairy industry.
Kroger has requested that the dairy co-ops that supply us are, at a minimum, enrolled in The National Dairy F.A.R.M. Program: Farmers Assuring Responsible Management ™, which provides consistency and uniformity of best practices in animal care and quality assurance in the dairy industry.
DAIRY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY CUSTOMER FORUMS
• Undeniably Dairy Initiative
• Level Set of the Dairy Industry (Dairy 101)
• Emerging Issues in the Dairy Industry that Impact Customers
• National Dairy FARM Program
• FARM Animal Care
• ISO Animal Welfare Certification
• FARM Antibiotic Stewardship
• Emerging Issues & Needs
• FARM Environmental Stewardship
• World Wildlife Fund & FARM
• Global Dairy Sustainability Framework
• Local Dairy Farm Tour
Los Angles | Minneapolis | Washington D.C. | Jacksonville
TOPICS COVERED
GOALS OF THE CUSTOMER FORUMS
• Raising the Bar Together – the Dairy Industry and Customers
• Understanding the Dairy Industry’s Role in Social Responsibility
• Deep Dive into the Farmers Assuring Responsible Management (FARM) Certification Program
• Have a Hands-On Experience on a Local Dairy Farm
• Be a Trusted Resource to Customers on Issues Related to Dairy Production
EMERGING CUSTOMER ISSUES
Worker Safety and Human Resources
Pain Management• Disbudding
• Polled genetics
Animal Housing• Stocking density
• Facilities
Calf Care• Housing
• Cow-calf separation
Reproductive Hormones
Thank you!
jjonker@nmpf.org
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