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ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS I N AMERICAN COLLECTIONS
WILTON M. KROGMAN AND ADOLPH H. SCHULTZ Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, and Johns Eopkins Univereity,
Baliimore, Maryland
Foreword At the New Haven meeting of the American Association
of Physical Anthropologists, April 30, May 1 and 2, 1936, a committee on an 'Anthropoid Catalogue,' consisting of A. H. Schultz (chairman) and W. M. Krogman, was appointed, charged with listing all anthropoid materials in the United States. In pursuance of this assignment over 150 question- naires, based on an earlier form drawn up by Prof. J. H. McGregor, were sent o u t Institutions were listed as given in Cobb's ('33) report on human materials, and zoological gardens were circularized as summarized in Doolittle's ( '32) report. In addition some sources of material were learned through cross references. In all 135 questionnaires were re- turned either filled out or stating that no pertinent material was available. Each institution or zoological garden possess- ing anthropoid material is listed by name in the tables com- prising the bulk of this report. It is safe to say that a 95% coverage of material has been achieved.
It was agreed in the interests of comparability that three simply defined age classes should be drawn up: Infantile =
'Cobb, W. M. pological study. 1933.
and Aquariums, vol. 1, pp. 98-100, Rockford, Ill., 1932.
Human materials in American institutions available for anthro- Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., vol. 17 (Suppl.), pp. 15-16, April-June,
Am. Assoc. Zool. Parka 'Doolittle, W. 0. Zoological parks and aquariums.
199
AMERIOAN JOUKNAL O F PHYSICAL ANTH&DPOIl)aY, V O L X I I V , NO. 2 OCTOBBR-DECEMBER, 1938
200 W. M. EROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
birth to completion of deciduous dentition ; Juvenile = perma- nent dentition incomplete ; and Adult = permanent dentition complete. Accordingly all materials are tabulated in these age classes.
Of the perhaps Hteen or even more different species of recent anthropoid apes only the two of the genus Gorilla have been considered separately in this catalogue. The rare Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringeri, which should really have been named G. beringei) has been identified in all col- lections. Of Chimpanzees and Orang-utans the species are frequently unknown and are at best difficult to determine from skeletal parts alone, particularly since we do not as yet possess generally agreed upon definitions for all of the species. To have listed the many species of the Hylobatidae separately would have made this report far too long.
The Committee wishes to thank all Directors and Curators who so courteously and efficiently reported on the material in their care. It is hoped that this unified catalogue, in making available the knowledge of source material, will to some ex- tent repay their kindness.
It must be emphasized that this census of anthropoid material naturally can represent only the status of our col- lections at the particular time at which the questionnaires were filled in. Changes will occur not only by the addition of newly acquired specimens, but also by the deaths of living apes which, it is hoped, will be saved as preserved bodies, and by complete dissections of the latter, transfering them from the tank to jars and the skeleton box. Specimens are some- times exchanged between different collections. Finally, it has occurred repeatedly that ape skeletons had been wrongly labelled, but are in time transferred to their correct genus. These and still other reasons are producing changes in the collections.
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 201
Skelet om
I n tables 1 to 6 are listed the complete skeletons of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri, Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus. As originally tabulated the material here listed was stated to be ‘with or without skull,’ but an analysis of the reports submitted shows that, barring a few exceptions, a ‘complete skeleton’ means skull plus axial and appendicu- lar skeleton. The tables may be summarized as follows:
Anthropoid skeletons in American collections
Pan Gorilla gorilla Gorilla beringeri Pongo Hylobates Svmphalanguus
I ADULT
55 1 70 106 ! 65 4 : 2
I .-
14 1 24 ~ 17 1 1 1 1 1
2 - m 32 m
~
32 13
11 2
..
. .
INFANTILE
For Pan the principal sources of material are to be found in the Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, and in the Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve University. For Gorilla gorilla the chief source is at Western Reserve University. For Pongo the chief source is in the Division of Mammals, United States National Museum. For Hylobates the principal sources are Depart- ment of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, and Division of Mammals, United States National Museum.
Skulls
I n tables 7 to 12 are listed the skulls of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri, Pongo, Hylobates and Symphalangus. As a general rule each skeleton previously listed includes a skull
202 W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
2 : B & 87 247
72 178
in these tables. For example, in table 1 there are listed fifty- five adult male Chimpanzee skeletons; in table 7 there are listed eighty-seven adult male Chimpanzee skulls. Of these eighty-seven skulls fifty-five are the skulls of skeletons listed in table 1 and thirty-two have no skeletons. In tables 7 to 1.2 no attempt has been made to state whether or not the mandible is present. These may be summarized as follows :
0 - --
111 139
6 2 68 159
8 %
- -. ______ Pan Gorilla gorilla Gorilla beringeri Pongo Hylobates Sy mphaf angus
22 2 31 24
Antltropoid skulls in American coZZectwns
ADULT I JUVENILE 1 INFANTILE
47 33 24 7 1 7 2 1 .. 1 .. .. 25 10 13 3 1 7 45 28 9 5 3 4
4 1 1 1 . . .. ..
For Pan the principal sources of material are Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History; Division of Mammals, United States National Museum, and Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve University. For Gorilla gorilla the principal sources are Department of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; Division of Mammals, United States National Museum, and Western Reserve University. For Pongo the principal source is United States National Museum. For Hylobates the principal sources are Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History; Field Museum of Natural History ; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Uni- versity; Collection of A. H. Schultz, Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, and the United States National Museum.
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS
Pan Gorilla gorilla Pongo Hylobates Symphalangus
203
12 14 19 3 2 4 .. .. 1 3
5 5 8 3 1 1 . . .. , 2 8 .. 5 3 1 1 . . .. .. 30 5 19 3 2 3 .. .. I . .
i 5 6 1 2 .. .. .. .. .. I ..
Miscellaneous skeletal material In table 13 are listed miscellancous skeletal material for
Pan and Gorilla gorilla and in table 14 for Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus. These tables are summarized as follows :
Additional anthropoid skeletal matcrial in American collections
In this catalogue it is obviously impossible to identify the miscellaneous skeletal material in detail. The numbers above refer to separate individuals. For example, there are more or less incomplete remains of twelve adult males of Pan, thirty adult males of Gorilla gorilla, and so on. Since by far the bulk of the miscellaneous bones for Pan and Gorilla gorilla are found at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve Uxiiversity, it can be accepted from direct knowledge that most fragmentary skeletons comprise a t least the long bones. In addition there may be vertebrae, scapulae, pelvic bones, carpals, tarsals, phalanges.
Livimg aozthropoids In table 15 the living specimens of Pan, and in table 16
those of Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla berengeri, Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus are listed. Two points must be kept in mind in referring to these tables: 1) they are correct as of October-December, 1937 ; and 2) several Zoological Gardens and other sources (privately owned collections) have not re- plied despite frequent requests. With these limiting factors in mind the tables may be summarized as follows :
204 W. M. EROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
JUVENILE ____ ADULT
Male Female ____ - ____ 25 13 17
2 .. .. Idale ! __ Pan Gorilla gorilla
INFANTILE
Male Female
3 2 ~ __--
.. ..
Entire animals preserved I n table 17 are listed entire specimens of Pan, Gorilla
gorilla and Gorilla beringeri, and in table 18 of Pongo, Hylo- bates, and Symphalangus. The specimens are preserved in formalin or other fluids and unless otherwise specified have not been dissected or in any way mutilated. For Pan the principal sources are Department of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History; and Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University. For
Pongo 1 . 5 2" I - j Gorilla beringeri
Hylobates l 7 S ymphalangus I . . / 2
I . ' 1 .. .. 3 3 4 i !. I :: .. ..
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 205
ADULT - Female _ _ _ - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Pan (28) ":I ; Gorilla gorilla (20) .. Gorilla beringeri (1) .. I .. Pongo (47) 14 13
Symphalangus (8) i 1 e Hglobatea (47) ' , 2 1 ; 15
Pongo in this respect the American Museum of Natural History is the best source, while for Hylobates the American Museum of Natural History; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University ; Laboratory of Physical An- thropology, Johns Hopkins University ; and Division of Mammals, United States National Museum, are the principal sources.
MISCELLANEOUS UNDISSECTED
Parts or viscera In table 19 are listed miscellaneous undissected parts-
trunk or limbs-and viscera-vascular, digestive, respiratory, reproductive-of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri, Pongo, and Hylobates. Noteworthy are the partly dissected bodies of Pan at the Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University, the limbs of Pongo in the collec- tion of A. H. Schultz, the hearts and aortic arches of all the anthropoids in the Department of Anatomy, University of Oklahoma, and the finger, palm and sole prints of Pan in the Department of Anatomy, Tulane University. The Depart- ment of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History, is the sole source for this type of material of Gorilla beringeri.
J W E N I L E 1.YFAWTIL.I - -- Male Female 31ale Female
9 3 1 .. 4 .. .. .. 1 .. .. .. 5 8 .. 1 3 1 4 , . . ..
* . I . . - a l e
206 W. M. KROQMAN A N D A. H. SCHULTZ
The number in brackets is the total number reported. In- sofar as age and sex was not given in every instance the numbers classified do not always agree with the total. For example there are twenty-eight brains of Pan, yet only fifteen are classified by age and sex. The principal collection is that of the Division of Physical Anthropology, U. S. National Museum.
Mounted specimens I n table 21 mounted specimens of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, and
Pongo are listed. It was the original intention to include here not only articulated skeletons but mounted groups as well. Obviously the information obtained is inadequate, for the first type of material was most often referred to complete skeletons, the second to hides. This section cannot, therefore, be depended upon.
Skins
Information obtained on this item is as yet so defective that the data would be of no value. Besides which this is an item of zoological rather than anthropological importance.
Casts I n table 22 casts of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri,
and in table 23 of Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus are given, classified as to cast of head or skull, brain or endocast, arm or leg, hand or foot. In several instances the ‘busts’ or ‘heads’ listed are commercial casts of Chimpanzees and Gorillas. The same is true of ‘hands’ and ‘feet.’ As a rule, however, the materials are unique to the laboratories re- porting them. Especially is this true of the Department of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History, and of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, for Gorilla gorilla and Gorilla beringeri ; and for the collection of A. H. Schultz which is equally repre- sentative for all of the anthropoids.
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 207
Locality The origina1,questionnaire did not call for the locality of
the material listed. When the majority of the reports were in, it was deemed necessary to include locality. Accordingly, all major sources of material, as judged by the returns, were recircularized to ascertain locality of the material previously reported. I n the following paragraphs will be summarized the extent to which native provenience only, is known. Material for which locality is unknown, or which has been received from zoological gardens, will not be listed.
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia reports : For Pan, three skulls ‘from Africa,’ two skeletons with hides of adult females, one skeleton with hide of juvenile male from the Gaboon District; one skeleton with hide (adult female) from Eufala, Cameroons; and one skeleton with hide of adult female from Belgian Congo, Putnam’s Camp, Epulu River, Kibale-Ituri. For Gorilla gorilla, three skulls ‘from Africa’ and one skeleton from West Africa; one skeleton from Gaboon Country, Africa; one skeleton of adult male from Ogove River, West Africa; three brains and skulls of juvenile males from Kangive, Ogove River, West Africa; one skeleton with hide of adult male from Lokundje, South Cameroons; one skull of adult male from French Equatorial Africa, Nola Region, Middle Congo; one skeleton with hide of adult male from Burundu, 22 miles northeast of Nola; and three skeletons with hides of adult males from Aboghi, 40 miles southwest of Nola. For Pongo, six skulls, one listed as female, are from Borneo. For Hylobates, a skull with hide of adult male is from Burma, 40 miles east of Bhanad; a skull with hide of adult male from Peninsula, Siam, Falls of Trang; and skull and hide of adult male, skeleton and hide of adult male and female from North Siam, Doi Sonteb, Chieng Mai, 4000’.
AYEEPICAN JOUPNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHIWFQLI)OY, V O L XXIV, NO. 2
208 W. M. IiROOMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
The Department of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History reports for Pan, all material from the French Cameroons. For Gorilla gorilla, nine skulls are from the Sanga River region, Quesso, West Africa, the balance from the French Cameroons. For Gorilla beringeri, Akeley ’s material, all from Kivu volcanoes, Belgian Congo. For Pongo, an adult male skeleton from British North Borneo. For Hylobates, all material from northern Burma.
The De’partment of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, reports for Pan, three from West Africa; seven from Metet, Cameroons; two from Lukolela District, Congo; one from Gamangin, Congo; seven from Medje, Congo; nine from Faradje, Congo; two from Aba, Congo; four from Akenge, Congo; four from Niapu, Congo ; one from North G a p , Congo; one from Avakubi, Congo; one from Eastern Congo; two from Uganda; one from Gaboon. For Gorilla gorilla, two from Gaboon; three from Nola, French Equatorial Africa ; one from N’Guilila, French Equatorial Africa; one from Upper Nasable River; two from Ebole Bengon, Cameroons; one from Metet, Cameroons; two from Sakboyeme, Cameroons. For Pongo, all material from Borneo. For Hylobates, one from Kuchin, Sarawak; five from Yunan district, China; one ‘from China;’ five from Chang- chang Pani, Assam; one from Nakawu, Siam; nine from Lampha, Tenasserim; one from Urn Pang, Siam.
The Department of Physical Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, reports for Pan, two from Gaboon; four from Luemme; two from Ogawe; three from South Cameroons; five from the Cameroons; eight from Saunaga. For Gorilla gorilla, one from Ogawe; one from Luemme ; three from the Cameroons ; two from Zaunde ; seven from the Gaboon; four from Saunaga. For Pongo, two from Borneo. For Hylobates two from Borneo.
The Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh lists the Pan material froan British East Afrioa md Lolodorf, Cameroons; the Gorilla gorilla, from the Valley of the Ogove River, French
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 209
Equatorial Africa, and Metet, Cameroons, West Africa ; the Hylobates from Sumatra.
The Field Museum of Natural History reports for Pan: five (two male, two female, one unclassified adult) from Kitunda, Belgian Congo; four (two male, two female) from the French Congo; one female from Nigeria, Cameroons, Buec; one male from Nigeria, Cameroons, Mt. Cameroon; one from Gabon; one female from Nyong River, Gabon; three (one male, one female, one unclassified adult) from Came- roons, Gabon, Nyong River. For Gorilla gorilla, one male from the Belgian Congo; one male from Cameroons, Frontier; two (one male, one unclassified adult) from Dume, Dume River, Cameroons ; one male from Lomie, Lomie River, Cameroons; one male from Ebolowa, Cameroons; two males from Yaunde, Yaunde River, Cameroons; one from Gabon; one male from Ogave River, Gabon; one male from Kitunda, Belgian Congo. For Gorilla beringeri one male from Virunga volcanoes, Kigezi, Uganda. For Pongo one male from Borneo; five (three males, two females) from British North Borneo, 8 miles west of Sandakan. For Hylobates three (one male, one female, one unclassified adult) from Sandakan, British North Borneo; one female from Pang Kallahau River, Southeast Borneo ; eleven (five males, six temales) from Ban Me Thuot, Annam, French Indo-China.
The Laboratory of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Uni- versity, reports the Pan material principally from Efulau, Sakbayeme, Lolodorf, French Cameroons ; the Gorilla gorilla principally from Metet and Sakbayeme, French Cameroons ; the Pongo material principally from Abai, Kinabatangan River, British North Borneo; the Hylobates material pri- marily from Chiengmai Region, North Siam, and Kinaba- tangan River, British North Borneo.
The Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University, reports, for Pan, one from Spanish Guinea, two from the Cameroons. For Gorilla gorilla, three from Spanish Guinea, all others from the Cameroons. For Pongo, one from Borneo; and f o r Hylobates one from Java.
210 W. M, RROQMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
The collection of A. H. Schultz, Johns Hopkins University, contains of Pan three specimens from the Cameroons, one from Tangmyika. For Gorilla gorilla, all from the Cameroons. For Pongo, seven from Sumatra, the others from Borneo. F o r Hylobates, four from Borneo, eight from Java, ten from Siam, two from Sumatra; and embalmed material from the Malay Peninsula. For Symphalangus, all from Sumatra.
The Department of Anatomy, University of Iowa, lists for Pan one skeleton, for Gorilla gorilla two female skele- tons, one male skull, one female skull-all from Abong Mbong, Cameroons, West Africa.
The University Museums, University of Iowa, reports for Gorilla gorilla, three male skulls, one female, one juvenile skeleton, all from the French Cameroons. For Hylobates. one male and one female adult skeleton, and one infantile skeleton, are listed, all from Siam.
The Division of Mammals, U. S. National Museum reports specimens as follows: Pan, twenty-seven from the French Congo, twenty-three from South Cameroons ; one from Congo Free State; three from Uganda; one from Sierra Leone. Gorilla gorilla, twenty-seven from the French Congo ; twenty- three from South Cameroons; three from the Belgian Congo. Pongo, seventy-three from Borneo ; twenty-five from Sumatra. Hylobates, ten from Sumatra; eight from West Sumatra; twenty-four from East Sumatra; twenty-three from Borneo ; five from East Borneo; six each from Southeast and West Borneo; four from Southwest. Borneo; nine from South Pagi Island ; eleven from Lower Siam ; one from West Siam ; seven from Southeast Siam; four from Java; three from French Indo-China; two from Cochin China; three from Johore; four from Burma; one each from Pahang and Assam. Sympha- langus, six from Sumatra; nine from East Sumatra; three from Borneo; five from Southwest Borneo; two from Java; one each from French Indo-China, Lower Assam, Tenas- serim, and Pahang.
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 211
Pan Gorilla Pongo Hylobates Symphalangus -
The Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve University, lists Pan, fifteen from the Gaboon; 149 from Abong Mbong and Ebolawa, French Cameroons; five from French Congo; one from Belgian Congo; three from Nigeria; four from French West Africa. Gorilla gorilla, thirty-two from the Gaboon; 322 from Abong Mbong and Ebolawa, French Cameroons; ten from French West Africa; eighteen from French Congo. Pongo, ten from Borneo, ten from Sumatra. Hylobates, ten from Borneo; four from Sumatra; three from Burma; one from Java.
The Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, reports for Pan five skeletons from the Gaboon, three skele- tons from West Africa; for Gorilla gorilla, four skeletons and one skull from the Gaboon; for Pongo, one skeleton from Sudong, Borneo and one skull from Borneo; for Hylobates, one skeleton from Baram River, Sarawak, and one skeleton from Sokaboini, Java.
272 400 98 73 246 541 7 11 149 230 17 31 263 455 22 64
14 23 2 9
SUMMARY
The most important materials of anthropoid apes in the collections of the United States are summarized in the fol- lowing table :
I TOTALS OF SPECIMENS OF ALL AOES AND BOTH s9Jl-B
212 W. M. KROQMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
Pan Gorilla Pongo Hylobates Symphalangus
The living, preserved and cranial specimens of known sex and all ages are combined and summarized in the following table, which shows the sex ratios for the different genera. The great preponderance of males in Gorillas, Orang-utans and Gibbons, is particularly noteworthy.
Males Females 6: 9 = 5 : 100
207 241 X = 86 321 182 x = 176 125 99 LT = 126 277 221 x = 125
12 17 X = 71
TOTALS OF BPECIMEIYS OB AL& AQES AND -OWN SEX 1 (Skulls, living animals and preaerved bodies) QENUS
The detailed data follow.
TABLE 1 Pan (troglodytes). CompEete skeletolts
academy of Natural Sciences 0.
American Museum of Natura Philadelphia
Hutory, N. P., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology
Buffalo Museum of Science Carnegie Museum,
Pittsburgh, Pa. Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Ohio
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111.
Harvard University, Museum o Comparative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Harvard University, Warren Anatomical Museum Johns Hopkins University, Laboratory of Physical Anthropology
Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, Pa.
PubHc Museum, Milwaukee, Wi Science Museum of St. Paul
Institute, Minnesota Southwestern University MuseuI Memphis, Tenn.
Stanford University, Calif., Dept. of Anatomy
University of Iowa, Dept. of Anatomy.
University o f Michigan, University Museums
University o f Oklahoma, Dept. of Anatomy U. S. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, Lab. Anaton
Wistar Institute of Anatomy ax Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.
Yale University, Pea body Museum
American Museum of Natura
American Museum of Natura
Totals -
I
m - s I
..
1
8
,. .. 1
.. 8
4
1
1
2
.. 2 1
..
.. 1
..
.. 1
5
18
,. 1
55 - -
ADULT - 3
F il __
3
1
3
2 .. .. .. 5
4
2
..
4
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
..
.. 7
38
..
.. - 70
- 3 4
%$ -
2
1
6
..
..
..
.. 1
6
..
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
.. 1
..
.. 2
..
2 22 - -
m I
3 _.
1
..
.6
..
.. 1
1
2
..
..
..
5
4
.. 1
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3
5
.. 2 31 - -
3mzNILIp
m - 1 F - ..
1
11
..
..
..
.. 5
1
..
..
10
1
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
.. 1
9
..
.. - 40 -
..
1
5
2 1
..
..
.. 6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
.. 13
1
2 32 - -
INFANT I La
..
..
2
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
2
..
.. a ,
I .
..
..
..
.. * .
..
..
..
.. - 5 -
a - i g __
1
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. - 6 -
-2? B
M % ;a
.a
- ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 4
.. ,.
..
..
..
..
..
.. *. .. .. .. .. 7
..
.. - 11 -
213
TABLE 2
Gorilla (gorilla). Complete skeletons
Academy of Natural Sciences
American Museum of Natural of Philadelphia
History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of American Museum of Natural
Mammalogy American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology
Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C.
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Cornell University, School of Medicine, Dept. of Anatomy, Ithaca, N. Y.
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog)
Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis Stanford University, Calif ., Dept. of Anatomy
University of California, Museum Vertebrate Zoology
University of Chicago, Dept. of Anthropology
University of Iowa, University of Museums
University of Iowa, Dept. of Anatomy
University of Michigan, University Museums
University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Anatomy
U. S. National Museum Division of Mammals
Washington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, Laboratory 0: Anatomy
Wistar Institute of Anatomy ant Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.
Yale Universitv.
_-
a - 4 - 6
1
3
1
1
2
1
9
11
.. 5 1
1
2
1
1
..
.. 1
5
..
53
.. 1
106 - Peabody Museum
Totals
ADULT -
0 - B
- ..
2
3
..
..
..
..
.. 7
2
4 .. .. .. 1
.. 2
1
1
4
..
38
..
.. - 65 -
2
..
2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
..
..
.. 1
.. - 6 -
..
..
2
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
.. 1
1
..
..
..
..
..
.. 1
..
16
..
.. - 22 -
JUVENIU
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
14
..
.. __ 17 -
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
11
..
.. - 13 -
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
..
.. - 1
MFANTILE
a
e - s L
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 1 .. ..
..
,. .. .. .. .. .. 1
..
..
.. - 2
..
1
..
..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3
..
.. - 5
214
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 21.5
TABLE 3
Gorilla (beringeri) . Complete skeletons
ADULT I JUVENILE -AXTILE
; -.
3 2 m
0 - P -
..
..
..
..
.. - .. -
--
1 .. . . . . . . . . . . . .
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
Field Museum of Natural Historj Chicago, Ill.
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
U. S. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Totals
2
1
1
..
.. - 4 .. -
TABLE 6
Symphalangus (siamang). Complete sEeTetons
INFANTIIg ADm -- I
JUVENILE
a I *
9: m -
..
..
..
--
.. I .
.. 1
1 -. 5 4 6 5 --
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. P., Dept. of Mammalogy
Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
American Museum of Natural
1 1
. . . .
. . . . __- 1 1
U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammala
. . _.
.. -
TABLE 4
Pongo (simio). Complete skeletons
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.
Harvard University Museum of Comparative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropology
Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
Philadelphia Zoological Gardens,' Pa.
Public Museum, Wilwaukee, Wk
Stanford University, Calif., Dept. of Anatomy
University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology
University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Anatomy
U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Waahington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve Univeraity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.
Yale University, Peabody Museum
Zoological Society, Houston Texas
American Museum of Natural
American Museum of Natural
Totals
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TABLE 5 Hylobates. Complete skeletons
_.-- Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of comparative Anatomy
American Museum of Natural HiNtory, N. Y., Dept. of Mammology
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
F’ield Museum of Natural History, Cliicago, Ill.
Comparative Zoology Harvard University, Museum o
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Johns Hopkins Umversity, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog
Johns Hopkina University,
University of California,
Collection of A. H. Schultz
Museum of Vertebrate Zoologg
University of Iowa, University Museums
University of Michigan, University Museums
0. 8. National Mnseum, Division of Mammals
Weatern Reserve University,
Wistar Institute of Anatomy
Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom
and Biology, Philadelphia, P
Yale University,
Totals Peabody Museum
a - i __
1
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60
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19
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217
TA
BL
E 7
Pan
(tr
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dyte
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Skul
ls
Aca
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Nat
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ence
s, P
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Mus
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25
TABLE a Gorilla (gorilla). Skulls
Academy of Natural Sciences,
American Museum of Natural of Philadelphia
History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology
Army Medical Museum, Washington, D.C.
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Case School of Applied Scienct Dept. of Geology, Cleveland, C
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog Johns Hopkins University,
Collection of A. H. Schultz Philadelphia Zoological
ffarden, Pa. Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wi San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.
Stanford University, Calif., Dept. of Anatomy
University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoofog
University of Chicago, Dept. of Anthropology
University of Iowa, University Museums
University of Iowa, Dept. of Anatomy
University of Michigan, University Museums
University of Oklahoma, Dept. of Anatomy
University of Wisconsin Dept. of Anatomy
U. 8. National Museum Division of Mammals
Washington University, St. Lou Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anaton
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa
Yale University, Peabody Museum
Totals
American Museum of Natural
American Museum of Natural
_- dale _.
7
4
1
13
1
1
1
9
15
1
5
2
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1
1
3
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1
32
.. 135
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241 -
male - ..
3
3
8
1
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S0X not ;ated
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INPANTILE .- [ale
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220
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS
s m
221
= f
3: m u 2 -
--
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . . -- . . . .
TABLE 9
Gorilla (beringmi) . 8kulk INFANTILE WL.T -
I - m i -
2
..
..
..
.. - 2 -
- 5
3 * G -
..
..
..
..
.. - .. -
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
Chicago, Ill.
Comparative Zoology
Collection of A. H. Schultz
Field Museum of Natural History,
Hamard University, Museum of
Johns Hopkins University,
U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammals -
TABLE 12 Symphalangus (siamang). -~ --
1 ADULT
Skulls INFANTILE -
2 4=
* u
-
..
..
..
..
.. -
..
I-- _-
- Q
3 -
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- 0
O m i i --
. . . .
1 1
. . . .
.. i .. I 1
. . . . -- 1 1
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy ..
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy 1
Comparative Zoology 1 Hamard University, Museum of
Johns Hopkina University, Collection of A. H. Schultz 2
U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammals
TOWS
TABLE 10
Pongo ( h i a ) . Skulls
z a d e m y of Natural Sciences
American Museum of Natural of Philadelphia
History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology
Camegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111.
Harvard University, Museum o j Comparative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropology
Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, Pa.
Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.
Stanford University, Calif ., Dept. of Anatomy
University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoolog:
University of Iowa, University Museums
University of Michigan, University Museums
University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Anatomy
U. S. Natioiial Museum, Division of Mammals
Washington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom:
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, P a
Yale University, Peabody Museum
Zoological Society, Houston Tex.
American Museum of Natural
American Museum of Natural
Zoological Society,
Totals Toledo, 0.
_-
0 - 3 - 4
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1
3
.. 5
5
2
1
4
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33
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ADULT
3
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35
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INFANT=
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222
TABLE 11
Hylobates. SkuUs
--- Academy of Natural Sciencea
American Mu~eum of Natural
of Philadelphia
History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropology
John6 Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis
San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.
University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoolog3
University of Iowa, University Museums
University of Michigan, University Museums
U. S. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Washington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom:
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.
Yale University, Peabodv Museum
American Museum of Natural
Totals
--
0 - s - 3
1
10
5
61
1
1
10
1
2
..
1
1
67
.. 5
9
..
- 2 fi z - 2
1
8
17
53
..
..
13
1
..
1
1
..
57
..
1
4
.. - 159 -
223
- a B : ?22 rn - ..
1
1
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7
5
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5
1
..
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4
0 - 4 - ..
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6
16
15
..
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5
2
JUVENILE
a - i z - ..
..
4
2
14
..
1
3
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E 2 rn - 1
..
3
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4
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4 1 1 I I I .. ..
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INFANTILI
0 - 3 __
..
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5
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5 -
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9 4 W - ..
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.. - 4 -
AMER[OAN SOVENAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOQY, VOL. XXIY, NO. 2
224 W. M. KROQMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
TABLE 18 Hiscellaneous skeletat material
I ADULT I J-NLLID I INPANPILl
Pan (troglodytes) -
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.-
..
1
1
1
..
..
10
.. 1
-
1
..
..
..
..
..
15
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog:
U. 5. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Washington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom:
Yale University, Peabody Museum
2
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
..
..
3
1
..
..
8
..
..
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1
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2
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..
..
..
..
..
3
..
1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. 3
.. Zoological Society, Toledo, 0. Totals 13 14 ..
Gorilla (gorilla) -
..
..
. .
..
3
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
Comparative Zoology
University of Iowa, University Museums
U. S. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Harvard University, Museum of
I ..
3 1 :: 1
. . ' * .
.. ! . .
I 2 ~ .. .. ..
I
. . ! . .
3
..
.. , .. I
. . ! . . 3 ! . . .. ..
10 1 3 ' . . .. ..
.. .. .. __ .... .. -
Yale University,
Totals 30 5 .. .. - __ _- . . - Peabody Museum - 5 1 , . .
19 ' 3 1 - 3 - ..... - .-
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 225
TABLE 14
Pongo (simia) - American Museum of Natural
History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Harvard University, Museum o Comparative Zoology
Johm Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
Western Reserve University,
Wistar Institute of Anatomy
American Museum of Natural
Cleveland, 0.; Lab. of Anatom:
and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.
Zoological Society, Toledo, 0. Totals --
- American Museum of Natural
Hist.orv. N. Y.. Derk. of r -
Mammalogy
Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology
Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz
U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammals
Totals -- -
..
..
..
..
2
.. 3
.. 5
- ..
1
..
..
1
1
1
1 5
1
..
..
6
..
1
..
.. 8
Hylobates and Symphalangus a
..
..
1
..
2
..
..
.. - 3 -
3
..
..
15" (S) 13 (5 5)
.. ..
.. I &S) ..
..
..
..
..
1
..
..
.. - 1 -
1
..
..
..
,.
..
..
.. - 1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. .- ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. - ..
. . . .
. . . .
. . . .
. . . . -
. . . .
..
2
..
..
..
..
..
.. - 2 - -
.. * .
..
.. -
.. 'Hylobates, except where (S) is stated.
226 W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
TABLE 15 Living asthropoids. Pan (troglodytes)
Brookside Zoo, Cleveland, 0.
Central Park Zoo, N. Y.
City Zoo, Houston, Tex.
Como Park Zoo, St. Paul, Minn.
Detroit Zoological Park,
Duluth Zoological Gardens, Minn
Fleishhacher Zoo, San Francisco, Cal.
Forest Park Zoo, Fort Worth, Tex.
Franklin Park Zoological Gardens, Boston, Mass.
Hershey Zoological Gardens, Pa
Johmi Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropologj
Royal Oak, Mich.
Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Ill.
Madison Zoological Gardens, Wis
Municipal Zoo, Syracuse, N. Y
New Orleans Zoological
New Pork Zoological Park, N. Y
Philadelphia Zoological
Toledo Zoo, Ohio
Washington Zoo, Milwaukee, Wit
Yale University, Lab. of Primate Biology
Zoological Society, San Diego, Cal.
Totals
Gardens, La.
Gardens, Pa.
_____
ADULT
.. 3
2
.. 3
1
2 1 ;: t 1
1
.. 1
2 { E 1 ..
1
1(llt)
..
1
1
.. 4
1 25 -~
Female
.. 2
..
..
1
1
1(12)
1
1
..
3
.. 1(9)
1
124 2 ( 11
3
4
1
..
15
1 38 - __
- Male -
1
1
.. 1
..
..
..
1
.. 1
..
1(7:
..
..
.. 1
..
.. 1
5
.. - 13 -
- Female
1
2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1(5)
..
..
..
..
1
1
1
10
.. __ 17 -
h T P b N T m
Yale
..
..
..
..
..
..
L(2)
..
..
..
..
..
..
.*
..
..
..
..
..
2
.. ~
3 -
emale -
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2
.. - 2 -
ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS
..
227
I . .
New York Zoological Park, N. Y.
Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, Pa.
.. 1
1 .. 1( G.b.)
..
.. .. ..
..
.. Zoological Society, San Diego, Cal. 2(G.b.) Totals lL/ '2'
Pongo (simia) - .. .. .. ..
.. 1
1
.. __ - 2 -
10 .. .. ..
l ( 2 t )
..
..
1(2f) 3 -
- Central Park Zoo, N. Y.
Fleishhaeher Zoo, San Francisco, Cal.
Hershey Zoological Gardens, Pa.
Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Ill.
National Zoological Park,
Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, Pa.
Zoological Society, San Diego, Cal.
Johns Ropkins University,
Washington, D. C.
Collection of A. H. Schultz
.. .. ..
..
.. 1
..
.. - 1 -
1
1
I I . .
Totals 5
Hylobates and Symphalangus
Central Park Zoo, N. Y. 12 I
.. I .. I I Madison Zoological Gardens, Wis.
National Zoological Park, I. . Washington, D. C. 1 1(5)
.. , . * i .. 1 . .
New 'York Zoological Park, N. Y.
Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, Pa.
1
2
1 ' . . .. , ..
Zoological Society, San Diego, Cal.
Totals -1.7-
i 1 I
.. ! .. .-I 1 I ..
Gorilla gorilla except where (G.b.) is specified. Hylobates except where (S) is specified.
5 5
O r
a I P
a d c
- m
~- - - I -- ~~ - - .' Totals ~ 3(1G.b.) . .
Pan (troglodytes) -
1
, .
..
..
, .
,.
. .
..
..
..
.. - 1 -
-
.. 1
..
-
6
1
..
..
2
..
..
_.
-
2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. ..... 2
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
.. . . .
1
-
..
..
..
1
9
1
1
1
..
1.
.. _- 13 -
-
..
..
..
..
1
1
..
..
..
..
1 3 - -
3
..
3
..
2
..
..
..
3
.. 1
..
. .
. .
1 7
- ... -
parati& Anatomy
Foundation, Cleve- Cleveland Clinic
land, Ohio Forest Park ZOO, Ft. Worth, Texas Harvard University Museum of Compai tive Zoology
Johns Hopkins Un versity, Lab. of Physical Anthro-
Johns Hopkins Un versity, Collection A. H. Schultz
Philadelphia Zoo10 cal Gardens, Pa.
Tulane University, New Orleans, La., Dept. of Anatomy
University of Wis- consin, Dept. of Anatomy
Museum, Division Mammals
Western Reserve U versity, Cleveland, 0.. Lab. of Anatoi
PologY
U. S. National
..
..
..
..
. .
..
..
..
. .
..
.. -
.. -
..
. .
. .
..
1
. . 1
..
. .
..
1 3
_- -
4 4
..
..
..
..
..
2 12 -
1
..
1 .. ..
3
2 15 ____ .. __ 1
7 ( 9 Totals Gorilla (gorilla) '
American Museum of Natural History, Dept. of Compara- tive Anatomy
Carnegie Museum, ,
Pittsburgh, Pa. i . . Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of , A. H. Schultz .. Museum, Division of
Western Reserve Uni-,
I { :(G.b.)
u. s. National j Mammals 1 ..
. . . . I !
. . , .. I
1 1 . .
. . . . .
-+ 1 ..
1 3
..
. .
..
.. - 3
..
..
..
..
.. -
.. _.
. .
..
.. -
..
..
. .
..
. . -
..
..
..
..
..
..
._ ..
..
.. ..
.. ' .. 1 l(G.b.) ..
1 .. 1 1 ah nt Anatnmv' . . .. - _ _ _ _ 1 .. 1
Gorilla gorilla, except where (G.b.) is specified. 228
Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila., Pa.
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y. Dept. of Comparative Anatomy
Field Museum of Natural History, (Jhicago, Ill.
Harvard University, Museum of Compara- tive Zoology
Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of A. H. Schultz
University of Wisconsin Dept. of Anatomy
U, 8. National Museum Division of Mammals
Washington University St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology , Philadelphia, Pa. _-
Totals -
- 1
5
..
..
.. ..
2 1
(auto1 sied)
..
.. - 9 -
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y. nept. of Comparative Anatomy I 5
Harvard ~ University, Museum of Compara- tive Anatomy
versity, Lab. of Physical Anthropology
versity, Collection of A. H. Schultz
U.. 5. National Museux Division of Mammals
Wistar Institute of
Johns Hopkins Uni-
Johns Hopkins Uni-
1
1
7
Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa. -
Totals
American Museum of
_L
- Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy 1 Division of Mammals
U. S. National Museum, 2 Totals 3
- ..
4
..
..
..
..
..
..
1
.. - .. 5 -
5
.. - 16
9yn
3
.. - 3
..
..
..
..
..
.. (b(
..
..
1
.. - 1 -
I -
4
..
..
..
..
. . __ 4 m -
. I
-
- 1
1
..
..
.. 1 P
..
..
. .
.. __ 3 a -
2
1
2
.. 5
1 11 - - gus
..
.. - . . .
- ..
2
..
..
.. 1
LlY
..
..
..
.. - 3
es -
- ..
..
..
..
..
.. sset
..
..
..
.. - .. -
..
..
..
..
1
.. Id)
1
..
..
.. - 2 -
..
..
1
1 Z (one pithout head)
..
1
..
..
.. - 5 -
-
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1 1 -- -
..
.. - .. -
- ..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
.. -
.. -
..
..
3
.. ..
.. - 3 __
- ..
..
..
.. 1
..
..
..
..
.. - 1 -
- ..
..
..
1 ..
..
..
..
..
.. - 1 -
TABLE 19 Yiscellaneol~s undissected parts or viscera
1 male dissected limbs and trunk, 1 hands and feet of (Q.b.) ; genito-' urinary tract of
-- American Museum of
Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Com-
1 eyes
parative Anatomy
Ieart, thyroid, ad- renals, genitals of adult male
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleve- land, Ohio
Harvard University, Museum of Com- parative Zoology
....
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
Harvard University, Warren Anatomical Museum
Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Lab. of Physical Anthro- PologY
I heart and aortic arch
1 reproductive system (geni- talia)
....
....
....
Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of A. H. Schultz
10 hearts and aortis arches
1 tract of viacerr en masse
....
1 ileo-cecal junction
1 male heart and lungs
Loyola University, Chicago, Ill., Dept. of Anatomy
Oklahoma University, Dept. of Anatomy
Philadelphia Zoologi- cal Gardens, Pa.
Tulane University, New Orelans, La., Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy
Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Bioloev. Phila.. Pa.
I limbs, 2 eyee, 1 set ovaries and uterus
....
'ongue, larynx, f ace-skin, ears (one animal)
?artly dissected bodies 1 adult fe male, 4 juvenile male, 4 infantill female
...
, gall bladder 1 duodenum
.9 hearts and aortic arches; 1 lung
en masse tracts of viscer
17 sets finger, palm, sole of Yale C c E Z animals
. ileo-cecal junction
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
limbs of in- fante; 2 hands, 2 feet of juve niles; 1 hand oi adult
1 gall bladder 1 duodenum
HPI.OBATES
..
....
reproductive tract, female and misc. viscera
....
....
~ sets limbs
....
....
hearts and aortic arches
....
...
....
The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia has two jars of nnidentifIed and miscel- laneous viecars.
* Gorilla gorilla unless (G.b.) specified.
230
TABLE 20
Brains
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Com. parative Anatomy
Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila., P a
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleve-
Cornell University,
land, Ohio
School of Medicine, Dept. of Anatomy, Ithaca, N. Y.
Harvard University, Warren Anatomical Museum
Philadelphia Zoologi- cal Gardens, Pa.
University of Illinois, Dept. of Anatomy, Ghicago, Ill.
U. S. National Museum, Dept. of Physical Anthro- POlOgY
Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy
Wiatar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Phila., Pa.
PAN
Three brains
Fwo brains
h e brain of adul female
Fwo brains, one left side (youni males) ; one brain, om right side (young female)
3ne-half of cere- brum
Fhree brains
Phree brains (on' hemisphere), mounted in museum
3ix brains (5 young males, 1 young female)
Fwo adult male; two juvenile male; one infan tile female; one adult and one in fantile (sex un- known)
....
QOEXLL.4 1
3ne brain
rhree braina
rhree brains
3ne brain [young male)
. . . .
...
.,
Fen brains (t adult females 3 young males 1 young fe- male), one brain ((3.b.) (young male)
Fwo brains
....
PONQO
Chree brains
...
....
Cwo brains (adult female) two brains, on cerebellum young female) one brain (in- fantile female)
....
Cwo brains
h e brain (on hemispere in- tact)
'4 brains (13 adult males, 11 adult, females, I young males, 6 young females:
....
h e adult male one adult femal
EYLOBATES AND
SYMPEALANQUS
....
....
....
....
....
'wo brains (H)
....
brains (5) (1 adult male, 2 adult females, 3 young males, 2 young females) 43 brains (H) (21 adult males, 15 adult fe- males, 3 young male., 4 young females)
....
'wo braina (H)
* Gorilla gorilla except where G.b. (= Gorilla beringeri) stated.
231
232
1 juvenile male
1 adult female, juvenile male, 1 adult .ight foot, 1 adult left hand
....
W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
....
11 adult male
....
TABLE 21 Mounted specimens
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
University of Iowa, University Museums
Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy
Zoological Society, Houston, Tex. ' Listed under hides.
PAN I PONQO
5, in group'
L adult male,' 1 adult female, 1 juveniie
1 aduIt male, 1 adult female, 1 juvenile male
1 adult female
Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila., Pa.
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Com- parative Anatomy
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.
Harvard University, Museum of Com- parative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Museum
.... male long bones
....
Harvard University, Warren Anatomical Museum
Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of A. H. Schultz
5 heads .... 8 heads; 2 heads ....
(G.b.); 1 skull; 1 female and 2 male busts
I. .... ....
Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis.
3 skulls, 1 brain
1 face mask (G.b.)
Rochester Museum Art and. Sciences, N. Y.
3 femora, 1 humerus, 1 tibia, 2 radii 1 hand, 1 foot (G.b.)
San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.
Science Museum of 81 Paul Institute, Minn.
University of Chicagc Dept. of Anthropolog;
U. S. National Museum Division of Mammals
Yale University, Peabady Museum
....
hand
Washington Universitj St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy
Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, 0 Lab. of Anatomy
4 face masks 2 hands, 1 left (G.b.); 1 head, foot (Q.b.), 2 1 adult male bust; 1 small right foot model entire animal
left hands, 1
.... ....
TABLE 22
casts
PAN I G O ~ L L A 1
Heads: 2 adult male, 2 juvenile male, 1 juvenile female, 1 infan- tile female
1 adult male brain
He+d, sknll, brain, endo-
csst
Feet: 5 adult (2 are G.b.), 2 juvenile, 1 in- fantile, 1 foetus.
Hands: 5 adult (3 are Q-b.), 1 juvenile, 1 in- fantile, 1 foetus
....
heads
2 adult male skulls
1 adult male endoeast
male head, 5 male and fe- male busts
brain
skulls, 1 brain
....
....
...
busts
.....
adult male heads, 4 juvenil male heads
adult male )rain; 1 adult male head; 2 adult male ears . adult male brain
. adult male endocast
1 adult female endocast adult male sku
.... L endocast
1 brain, 1 skull
1 adult male head; 1 adult female head
Limb, hand. Head, hll. brain, endo- 1 foot
Limb, hand
hand, 1 foot
....
adult male an 4 juvenile hands; 3 adult male and 4 juvenile feet
I adult male arms, 2 adult male hands an feet adult male lei
foot; 1 adult male right an left hand
....
.... 2 adult male ....
.... ....
.... 1 skull, 1 brain, .... 1 endoeast; one, small model en- tire animal
2 face-masks 5 right and left hands and feet, adult male; 1
face-mask adult 1 left foot female; 3 endo-/ (G.b.) casts ! -
* Gorilla gorilla except where stated G.b. (= Gorilla beringeri) .
234
Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila., Pa.
American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of a m - parative Anatomy
Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.
Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.
W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ
1 head
2 heads
1 brain
2 skulls; 1 brain
TABLE 23
Costs
Harvard University, Museum of Com- parative Zoology
Harvard University, Peabody Muse&
I PONQO
2 adult male a m , 1 adult female skull
2 young heads
Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis.
Rochester Museum Arts and Sciencks, N. Y.
San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.
University of Chicago,l Dept. of Anthropology
Yale University, Peabody Museum
Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy
1 adult male brain
.... 1 adult male endocast
adult male skull
1 brain, 1 endocast
2 adult male heads
Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of A. H. ESchultz
2 adult male heads, 2 adult female heads, 2 juvenile male heads, 2 juve. nile female heads 1 newborn head, 2 foetal heads
Limb, hand, foot
.... hands and feel
....
....
hand, 1 foot'
right hand
Ianda and feet of 2 adult malei
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
brain
skull, 1 brain
....
head (a)
adult head, 4 foetal heads
....
adult male sku1
adult female endocast
....
....
endocast
Limb hand. fAot
....
....
....
....
1 hand and foot, 1 hand and foot (a) ....
....
....
....
....
....
....
....
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