Anthropoid ape materials in American collections

ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS I N AMERICAN COLLECTIONS

WILTON M. KROGMAN AND ADOLPH H. SCHULTZ Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, and Johns Eopkins Univereity,

Baliimore, Maryland

Foreword At the New Haven meeting of the American Association

of Physical Anthropologists, April 30, May 1 and 2, 1936, a committee on an 'Anthropoid Catalogue,' consisting of A. H. Schultz (chairman) and W. M. Krogman, was appointed, charged with listing all anthropoid materials in the United States. In pursuance of this assignment over 150 questionnaires, based on an earlier form drawn up by Prof. J. H. McGregor, were sent o u t Institutions were listed as given in Cobb's ('33) report on human materials, and zoological gardens were circularized as summarized in Doolittle's ( '32) report. In addition some sources of material were learned through cross references. In all 135 questionnaires were re- turned either filled out or stating that no pertinent material was available. Each institution or zoological garden possess- ing anthropoid material is listed by name in the tables com- prising the bulk of this report. It is safe to say that a 95% coverage of material has been achieved.

It was agreed in the interests of comparability that three simply defined age classes should be drawn up: Infantile =

'Cobb, W. M. pological study. 1933.

and Aquariums, vol. 1, pp. 98-100, Rockford, Ill., 1932.

Human materials in American institutions available for anthro- Am. J. Phys. Anthrop., vol. 17 (Suppl.), pp. 15-16, April-June,

Am. Assoc. Zool. Parka 'Doolittle, W. 0. Zoological parks and aquariums.

199

AMERIOAN JOUKNAL O F PHYSICAL ANTH&DPOIl)aY, V O L X I I V , NO. 2 OCTOBBR-DECEMBER, 1938

200 W. M. EROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

birth to completion of deciduous dentition ; Juvenile = permanent dentition incomplete ; and Adult = permanent dentition complete. Accordingly all materials are tabulated in these age classes.

Of the perhaps Hteen or even more different species of recent anthropoid apes only the two of the genus Gorilla have been considered separately in this catalogue. The rare Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla beringeri, which should really have been named G. beringei) has been identified in all collections. Of Chimpanzees and Orang-utans the species are frequently unknown and are at best difficult to determine from skeletal parts alone, particularly since we do not as yet possess generally agreed upon definitions for all of the species. To have listed the many species of the Hylobatidae separately would have made this report far too long.

The Committee wishes to thank all Directors and Curators who so courteously and efficiently reported on the material in their care. It is hoped that this unified catalogue, in making available the knowledge of source material, will to some extent repay their kindness.

It must be emphasized that this census of anthropoid material naturally can represent only the status of our collections at the particular time at which the questionnaires were filled in. Changes will occur not only by the addition of newly acquired specimens, but also by the deaths of living apes which, it is hoped, will be saved as preserved bodies, and by complete dissections of the latter, transfering them from the tank to jars and the skeleton box. Specimens are some- times exchanged between different collections. Finally, it has occurred repeatedly that ape skeletons had been wrongly labelled, but are in time transferred to their correct genus. These and still other reasons are producing changes in the collections.

ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 201

Skelet om

I n tables 1 to 6 are listed the complete skeletons of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri, Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus. As originally tabulated the material here listed was stated to be ‘with or without skull,’ but an analysis of the reports submitted shows that, barring a few exceptions, a ‘complete skeleton’ means skull plus axial and appendicu- lar skeleton. The tables may be summarized as follows:

Anthropoid skeletons in American collections

Pan Gorilla gorilla Gorilla beringeri Pongo Hylobates Svmphalanguus

I ADULT

55 1 70 106 ! 65 4 : 2

I .-

14 1 24 ~ 17 1 1 1 1 1

2 - m 32 m

~

32 13

11 2

..

. .

INFANTILE

For Pan the principal sources of material are to be found in the Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, and in the Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve University. For Gorilla gorilla the chief source is at Western Reserve University. For Pongo the chief source is in the Division of Mammals, United States National Museum. For Hylobates the principal sources are Depart- ment of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, and Division of Mammals, United States National Museum.

Skulls

I n tables 7 to 12 are listed the skulls of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri, Pongo, Hylobates and Symphalangus. As a general rule each skeleton previously listed includes a skull

202 W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

2 : B & 87 247

72 178

in these tables. For example, in table 1 there are listed fifty- five adult male Chimpanzee skeletons; in table 7 there are listed eighty-seven adult male Chimpanzee skulls. Of these eighty-seven skulls fifty-five are the skulls of skeletons listed in table 1 and thirty-two have no skeletons. In tables 7 to 1.2 no attempt has been made to state whether or not the mandible is present. These may be summarized as follows :

0 - --

111 139

6 2 68 159

8 %

- -. ______ Pan Gorilla gorilla Gorilla beringeri Pongo Hylobates Sy mphaf angus

22 2 31 24

Antltropoid skulls in American coZZectwns

ADULT I JUVENILE 1 INFANTILE

47 33 24 7 1 7 2 1 .. 1 .. .. 25 10 13 3 1 7 45 28 9 5 3 4

4 1 1 1 . . .. ..

For Pan the principal sources of material are Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History; Division of Mammals, United States National Museum, and Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve University. For Gorilla gorilla the principal sources are Department of Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University; Division of Mammals, United States National Museum, and Western Reserve University. For Pongo the principal source is United States National Museum. For Hylobates the principal sources are Department of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History; Field Museum of Natural History ; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Uni- versity; Collection of A. H. Schultz, Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, and the United States National Museum.

ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS

Pan Gorilla gorilla Pongo Hylobates Symphalangus

203

12 14 19 3 2 4 .. .. 1 3

5 5 8 3 1 1 . . .. , 2 8 .. 5 3 1 1 . . .. .. 30 5 19 3 2 3 .. .. I . .

i 5 6 1 2 .. .. .. .. .. I ..

Miscellaneous skeletal material In table 13 are listed miscellancous skeletal material for

Pan and Gorilla gorilla and in table 14 for Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus. These tables are summarized as follows :

Additional anthropoid skeletal matcrial in American collections

In this catalogue it is obviously impossible to identify the miscellaneous skeletal material in detail. The numbers above refer to separate individuals. For example, there are more or less incomplete remains of twelve adult males of Pan, thirty adult males of Gorilla gorilla, and so on. Since by far the bulk of the miscellaneous bones for Pan and Gorilla gorilla are found at the Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve Uxiiversity, it can be accepted from direct knowledge that most fragmentary skeletons comprise a t least the long bones. In addition there may be vertebrae, scapulae, pelvic bones, carpals, tarsals, phalanges.

Livimg aozthropoids In table 15 the living specimens of Pan, and in table 16

those of Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla berengeri, Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus are listed. Two points must be kept in mind in referring to these tables: 1) they are correct as of October-December, 1937 ; and 2) several Zoological Gardens and other sources (privately owned collections) have not re- plied despite frequent requests. With these limiting factors in mind the tables may be summarized as follows :

204 W. M. EROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

JUVENILE ____ ADULT

Male Female ____ - ____ 25 13 17

2 .. .. Idale ! __ Pan Gorilla gorilla

INFANTILE

Male Female

3 2 ~ __--

.. ..

Entire animals preserved I n table 17 are listed entire specimens of Pan, Gorilla

gorilla and Gorilla beringeri, and in table 18 of Pongo, Hylo- bates, and Symphalangus. The specimens are preserved in formalin or other fluids and unless otherwise specified have not been dissected or in any way mutilated. For Pan the principal sources are Department of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History; and Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University. For

Pongo 1 . 5 2" I - j Gorilla beringeri

Hylobates l 7 S ymphalangus I . . / 2

I . ' 1 .. .. 3 3 4 i !. I :: .. ..


ADULT - Female _ _ _ - - ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

Pan (28) ":I ; Gorilla gorilla (20) .. Gorilla beringeri (1) .. I .. Pongo (47) 14 13

Symphalangus (8) i 1 e Hglobatea (47) ' , 2 1 ; 15

Pongo in this respect the American Museum of Natural History is the best source, while for Hylobates the American Museum of Natural History; Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University ; Laboratory of Physical An- thropology, Johns Hopkins University ; and Division of Mammals, United States National Museum, are the principal sources.

MISCELLANEOUS UNDISSECTED

Parts or viscera In table 19 are listed miscellaneous undissected parts-

trunk or limbs-and viscera-vascular, digestive, respiratory, reproductive-of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri, Pongo, and Hylobates. Noteworthy are the partly dissected bodies of Pan at the Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University, the limbs of Pongo in the collection of A. H. Schultz, the hearts and aortic arches of all the anthropoids in the Department of Anatomy, University of Oklahoma, and the finger, palm and sole prints of Pan in the Department of Anatomy, Tulane University. The Depart- ment of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History, is the sole source for this type of material of Gorilla beringeri.

J W E N I L E 1.YFAWTIL.I - -- Male Female 31ale Female

9 3 1 .. 4 .. .. .. 1 .. .. .. 5 8 .. 1 3 1 4 , . . ..

* . I . . - a l e

206 W. M. KROQMAN A N D A. H. SCHULTZ

The number in brackets is the total number reported. In- sofar as age and sex was not given in every instance the numbers classified do not always agree with the total. For example there are twenty-eight brains of Pan, yet only fifteen are classified by age and sex. The principal collection is that of the Division of Physical Anthropology, U. S. National Museum.

Mounted specimens I n table 21 mounted specimens of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, and

Pongo are listed. It was the original intention to include here not only articulated skeletons but mounted groups as well. Obviously the information obtained is inadequate, for the first type of material was most often referred to complete skeletons, the second to hides. This section cannot, therefore, be depended upon.

Skins

Information obtained on this item is as yet so defective that the data would be of no value. Besides which this is an item of zoological rather than anthropological importance.

Casts I n table 22 casts of Pan, Gorilla gorilla, Gorilla beringeri,

and in table 23 of Pongo, Hylobates, and Symphalangus are given, classified as to cast of head or skull, brain or endocast, arm or leg, hand or foot. In several instances the ‘busts’ or ‘heads’ listed are commercial casts of Chimpanzees and Gorillas. The same is true of ‘hands’ and ‘feet.’ As a rule, however, the materials are unique to the laboratories re- porting them. Especially is this true of the Department of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History, and of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, for Gorilla gorilla and Gorilla beringeri ; and for the collection of A. H. Schultz which is equally repre- sentative for all of the anthropoids.


Locality The origina1,questionnaire did not call for the locality of

the material listed. When the majority of the reports were in, it was deemed necessary to include locality. Accordingly, all major sources of material, as judged by the returns, were recircularized to ascertain locality of the material previously reported. I n the following paragraphs will be summarized the extent to which native provenience only, is known. Material for which locality is unknown, or which has been received from zoological gardens, will not be listed.

The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia reports : For Pan, three skulls ‘from Africa,’ two skeletons with hides of adult females, one skeleton with hide of juvenile male from the Gaboon District; one skeleton with hide (adult female) from Eufala, Cameroons; and one skeleton with hide of adult female from Belgian Congo, Putnam’s Camp, Epulu River, Kibale-Ituri. For Gorilla gorilla, three skulls ‘from Africa’ and one skeleton from West Africa; one skeleton from Gaboon Country, Africa; one skeleton of adult male from Ogove River, West Africa; three brains and skulls of juvenile males from Kangive, Ogove River, West Africa; one skeleton with hide of adult male from Lokundje, South Cameroons; one skull of adult male from French Equatorial Africa, Nola Region, Middle Congo; one skeleton with hide of adult male from Burundu, 22 miles northeast of Nola; and three skeletons with hides of adult males from Aboghi, 40 miles southwest of Nola. For Pongo, six skulls, one listed as female, are from Borneo. For Hylobates, a skull with hide of adult male is from Burma, 40 miles east of Bhanad; a skull with hide of adult male from Peninsula, Siam, Falls of Trang; and skull and hide of adult male, skeleton and hide of adult male and female from North Siam, Doi Sonteb, Chieng Mai, 4000’.

AYEEPICAN JOUPNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHIWFQLI)OY, V O L XXIV, NO. 2

208 W. M. IiROOMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

The Department of Comparative Anatomy, American Museum of Natural History reports for Pan, all material from the French Cameroons. For Gorilla gorilla, nine skulls are from the Sanga River region, Quesso, West Africa, the balance from the French Cameroons. For Gorilla beringeri, Akeley ’s material, all from Kivu volcanoes, Belgian Congo. For Pongo, an adult male skeleton from British North Borneo. For Hylobates, all material from northern Burma.

The De’partment of Mammalogy, American Museum of Natural History, reports for Pan, three from West Africa; seven from Metet, Cameroons; two from Lukolela District, Congo; one from Gamangin, Congo; seven from Medje, Congo; nine from Faradje, Congo; two from Aba, Congo; four from Akenge, Congo; four from Niapu, Congo ; one from North G a p , Congo; one from Avakubi, Congo; one from Eastern Congo; two from Uganda; one from Gaboon. For Gorilla gorilla, two from Gaboon; three from Nola, French Equatorial Africa ; one from N’Guilila, French Equatorial Africa; one from Upper Nasable River; two from Ebole Bengon, Cameroons; one from Metet, Cameroons; two from Sakboyeme, Cameroons. For Pongo, all material from Borneo. For Hylobates, one from Kuchin, Sarawak; five from Yunan district, China; one ‘from China;’ five from Chang- chang Pani, Assam; one from Nakawu, Siam; nine from Lampha, Tenasserim; one from Urn Pang, Siam.

The Department of Physical Anthropology, American Museum of Natural History, reports for Pan, two from Gaboon; four from Luemme; two from Ogawe; three from South Cameroons; five from the Cameroons; eight from Saunaga. For Gorilla gorilla, one from Ogawe; one from Luemme ; three from the Cameroons ; two from Zaunde ; seven from the Gaboon; four from Saunaga. For Pongo, two from Borneo. For Hylobates two from Borneo.

The Carnegie Museum of Pittsburgh lists the Pan material froan British East Afrioa md Lolodorf, Cameroons; the Gorilla gorilla, from the Valley of the Ogove River, French


Equatorial Africa, and Metet, Cameroons, West Africa ; the Hylobates from Sumatra.

The Field Museum of Natural History reports for Pan: five (two male, two female, one unclassified adult) from Kitunda, Belgian Congo; four (two male, two female) from the French Congo; one female from Nigeria, Cameroons, Buec; one male from Nigeria, Cameroons, Mt. Cameroon; one from Gabon; one female from Nyong River, Gabon; three (one male, one female, one unclassified adult) from Came- roons, Gabon, Nyong River. For Gorilla gorilla, one male from the Belgian Congo; one male from Cameroons, Frontier; two (one male, one unclassified adult) from Dume, Dume River, Cameroons ; one male from Lomie, Lomie River, Cameroons; one male from Ebolowa, Cameroons; two males from Yaunde, Yaunde River, Cameroons; one from Gabon; one male from Ogave River, Gabon; one male from Kitunda, Belgian Congo. For Gorilla beringeri one male from Virunga volcanoes, Kigezi, Uganda. For Pongo one male from Borneo; five (three males, two females) from British North Borneo, 8 miles west of Sandakan. For Hylobates three (one male, one female, one unclassified adult) from Sandakan, British North Borneo; one female from Pang Kallahau River, Southeast Borneo ; eleven (five males, six temales) from Ban Me Thuot, Annam, French Indo-China.

The Laboratory of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Uni- versity, reports the Pan material principally from Efulau, Sakbayeme, Lolodorf, French Cameroons ; the Gorilla gorilla principally from Metet and Sakbayeme, French Cameroons ; the Pongo material principally from Abai, Kinabatangan River, British North Borneo; the Hylobates material pri- marily from Chiengmai Region, North Siam, and Kinaba- tangan River, British North Borneo.

The Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Johns Hopkins University, reports, for Pan, one from Spanish Guinea, two from the Cameroons. For Gorilla gorilla, three from Spanish Guinea, all others from the Cameroons. For Pongo, one from Borneo; and f o r Hylobates one from Java.

210 W. M, RROQMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

The collection of A. H. Schultz, Johns Hopkins University, contains of Pan three specimens from the Cameroons, one from Tangmyika. For Gorilla gorilla, all from the Cameroons. For Pongo, seven from Sumatra, the others from Borneo. F o r Hylobates, four from Borneo, eight from Java, ten from Siam, two from Sumatra; and embalmed material from the Malay Peninsula. For Symphalangus, all from Sumatra.

The Department of Anatomy, University of Iowa, lists for Pan one skeleton, for Gorilla gorilla two female skeletons, one male skull, one female skull-all from Abong Mbong, Cameroons, West Africa.

The University Museums, University of Iowa, reports for Gorilla gorilla, three male skulls, one female, one juvenile skeleton, all from the French Cameroons. For Hylobates. one male and one female adult skeleton, and one infantile skeleton, are listed, all from Siam.

The Division of Mammals, U. S. National Museum reports specimens as follows: Pan, twenty-seven from the French Congo, twenty-three from South Cameroons ; one from Congo Free State; three from Uganda; one from Sierra Leone. Gorilla gorilla, twenty-seven from the French Congo ; twenty- three from South Cameroons; three from the Belgian Congo. Pongo, seventy-three from Borneo ; twenty-five from Sumatra. Hylobates, ten from Sumatra; eight from West Sumatra; twenty-four from East Sumatra; twenty-three from Borneo ; five from East Borneo; six each from Southeast and West Borneo; four from Southwest. Borneo; nine from South Pagi Island ; eleven from Lower Siam ; one from West Siam ; seven from Southeast Siam; four from Java; three from French Indo-China; two from Cochin China; three from Johore; four from Burma; one each from Pahang and Assam. Sympha- langus, six from Sumatra; nine from East Sumatra; three from Borneo; five from Southwest Borneo; two from Java; one each from French Indo-China, Lower Assam, Tenas- serim, and Pahang.


Pan Gorilla Pongo Hylobates Symphalangus -

The Laboratory of Anatomy, Western Reserve University, lists Pan, fifteen from the Gaboon; 149 from Abong Mbong and Ebolawa, French Cameroons; five from French Congo; one from Belgian Congo; three from Nigeria; four from French West Africa. Gorilla gorilla, thirty-two from the Gaboon; 322 from Abong Mbong and Ebolawa, French Cameroons; ten from French West Africa; eighteen from French Congo. Pongo, ten from Borneo, ten from Sumatra. Hylobates, ten from Borneo; four from Sumatra; three from Burma; one from Java.

The Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, reports for Pan five skeletons from the Gaboon, three skeletons from West Africa; for Gorilla gorilla, four skeletons and one skull from the Gaboon; for Pongo, one skeleton from Sudong, Borneo and one skull from Borneo; for Hylobates, one skeleton from Baram River, Sarawak, and one skeleton from Sokaboini, Java.

272 400 98 73 246 541 7 11 149 230 17 31 263 455 22 64

14 23 2 9

SUMMARY

The most important materials of anthropoid apes in the collections of the United States are summarized in the following table :

I TOTALS OF SPECIMENS OF ALL AOES AND BOTH s9Jl-B

212 W. M. KROQMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

Pan Gorilla Pongo Hylobates Symphalangus

The living, preserved and cranial specimens of known sex and all ages are combined and summarized in the following table, which shows the sex ratios for the different genera. The great preponderance of males in Gorillas, Orang-utans and Gibbons, is particularly noteworthy.

Males Females 6: 9 = 5 : 100

207 241 X = 86 321 182 x = 176 125 99 LT = 126 277 221 x = 125

12 17 X = 71

TOTALS OF BPECIMEIYS OB AL& AQES AND -OWN SEX 1 (Skulls, living animals and preaerved bodies) QENUS

The detailed data follow.

TABLE 1 Pan (troglodytes). CompEete skeletolts

academy of Natural Sciences 0.

American Museum of Natura Philadelphia

Hutory, N. P., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy

History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy

N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology

Buffalo Museum of Science Carnegie Museum,

Pittsburgh, Pa. Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Ohio

Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111.

Harvard University, Museum o Comparative Zoology

Harvard University, Peabody Museum

Harvard University, Warren Anatomical Museum Johns Hopkins University, Laboratory of Physical Anthropology

Johns Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz

Philadelphia Zoological Gardens, Pa.

PubHc Museum, Milwaukee, Wi Science Museum of St. Paul

Institute, Minnesota Southwestern University MuseuI Memphis, Tenn.

Stanford University, Calif., Dept. of Anatomy

University of Iowa, Dept. of Anatomy.

University o f Michigan, University Museums

University o f Oklahoma, Dept. of Anatomy U. S. National Museum, Division of Mammals

Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, Lab. Anaton

Wistar Institute of Anatomy ax Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.

Yale University, Pea body Museum

American Museum of Natura

American Museum of Natura

Totals -

I

m - s I

..

1

8

,. .. 1

.. 8

4

1

1

2

.. 2 1

..

.. 1

..

.. 1

5

18

,. 1

55 - -

ADULT - 3

F il __

3

1

3

2 .. .. .. 5

4

2

..

4

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

..

.. 7

38

..

.. - 70

- 3 4

%$ -

2

1

6

..

..

..

.. 1

6

..

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

.. 1

..

.. 2

..

2 22 - -

m I

3 _.

1

..

.6

..

.. 1

1

2

..

..

..

5

4

.. 1

..

..

..

..

..

.. 3

5

.. 2 31 - -

3mzNILIp

m - 1 F - ..

1

11

..

..

..

.. 5

1

..

..

10

1

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

.. 1

9

..

.. - 40 -

..

1

5

2 1

..

..

.. 6

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

.. 13

1

2 32 - -

INFANT I La

..

..

2

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

2

..

.. a ,

I .

..

..

..

.. * .

..

..

..

.. - 5 -

a - i g __

1

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

4

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. - 6 -

-2? B

M % ;a

.a

- ..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 4

.. ,.

..

..

..

..

..

.. *. .. .. .. .. 7

..

.. - 11 -

213

TABLE 2

Gorilla (gorilla). Complete skeletons

Academy of Natural Sciences

American Museum of Natural of Philadelphia

History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy

History, N. Y., Dept. of American Museum of Natural

Mammalogy American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology

Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C.

Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Cornell University, School of Medicine, Dept. of Anatomy, Ithaca, N. Y.

Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Ill.

Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology


Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog)

Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis Stanford University, Calif ., Dept. of Anatomy

University of California, Museum Vertebrate Zoology

University of Chicago, Dept. of Anthropology

University of Iowa, University of Museums

University of Iowa, Dept. of Anatomy

University of Michigan, University Museums

University of Wisconsin, Dept. of Anatomy

U. S. National Museum Division of Mammals

Washington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy

Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, Laboratory 0: Anatomy

Wistar Institute of Anatomy ant Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.

Yale Universitv.

_-

a - 4 - 6

1

3

1

1

2

1

9

11

.. 5 1

1

2

1

1

..

.. 1

5

..

53

.. 1

106 - Peabody Museum

Totals

ADULT -

0 - B

- ..

2

3

..

..

..

..

.. 7

2

4 .. .. .. 1

.. 2

1

1

4

..

38

..

.. - 65 -

2

..

2

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

..

..

.. 1

.. - 6 -

..

..

2

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

.. 1

1

..

..

..

..

..

.. 1

..

16

..

.. - 22 -

JUVENIU

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 3

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

14

..

.. __ 17 -

..

..

1

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1

..

..

..

..

..

11

..

.. - 13 -

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1

..

.. - 1

MFANTILE

a

e - s L

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 1 .. ..

..

,. .. .. .. .. .. 1

..

..

.. - 2

..

1

..

..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

3

..

.. - 5

214

ANTHROPOID APE MATERIALS 21.5

TABLE 3

Gorilla (beringeri) . Complete skeletons

ADULT I JUVENILE -AXTILE

; -.

3 2 m

0 - P -

..

..

..

..

.. - .. -

--

1 .. . . . . . . . . . . . .

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy

Field Museum of Natural Historj Chicago, Ill.



U. S. National Museum, Division of Mammals

Totals

2

1

1

..

.. - 4 .. -

TABLE 6

Symphalangus (siamang). Complete sEeTetons

INFANTIIg ADm -- I

JUVENILE

a I *

9: m -

..

..

..

--

.. I .

.. 1

1 -. 5 4 6 5 --

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy

History, N. P., Dept. of Mammalogy


American Museum of Natural

1 1

. . . .

. . . . __- 1 1

U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammala

. . _.

.. -

TABLE 4

Pongo (simio). Complete skeletons

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia



History, N. Y., Dept. of Physical Anthropology


Harvard University Museum of Comparative Zoology


Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropology


Philadelphia Zoological Gardens,' Pa.

Public Museum, Wilwaukee, Wk


University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology


U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammals

Waahington University, St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy

Western Reserve Univeraity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom

Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.

Yale University, Peabody Museum

Zoological Society, Houston Texas



Totals

m - $4 -

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TABLE 5 Hylobates. Complete skeletons

_.-- Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of comparative Anatomy

American Museum of Natural HiNtory, N. Y., Dept. of Mammology


F’ield Museum of Natural History, Cliicago, Ill.

Comparative Zoology Harvard University, Museum o


Johns Hopkins Umversity, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog

Johns Hopkina University,

University of California,

Collection of A. H. Schultz

Museum of Vertebrate Zoologg

University of Iowa, University Museums


0. 8. National Mnseum, Division of Mammals

Weatern Reserve University,

Wistar Institute of Anatomy

Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom

and Biology, Philadelphia, P

Yale University,

Totals Peabody Museum

a - i __

1

..

5

..

3

60

1

1

9

..

1

1

19

2

2

.. - 105 -

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52

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217

TA

BL

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Pan

(tr

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dyte

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dem

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Nat

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s, P

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4 3 1 1 .. .. 1 .. .. .. .. 1 12 .. 36 .. 2 .. .. ..

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25

TABLE a Gorilla (gorilla). Skulls

Academy of Natural Sciences,





Army Medical Museum, Washington, D.C.


Case School of Applied Scienct Dept. of Geology, Cleveland, C



Harvard University, Peabody Museum Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog Johns Hopkins University,

Collection of A. H. Schultz Philadelphia Zoological

ffarden, Pa. Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wi San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.


University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoofog

University of Chicago, Dept. of Anthropology


University of Iowa, Dept. of Anatomy


University of Oklahoma, Dept. of Anatomy

University of Wisconsin Dept. of Anatomy

U. 8. National Museum Division of Mammals

Washington University, St. Lou Dept. of Anatomy

Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anaton

Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa


Totals



_- dale _.

7

4

1

13

1

1

1

9

15

1

5

2

1 1

1

1

3

1

3

I

.. 1

1

32

.. 135

.. 2

241 -

male - ..

3

3

8

1

.. 1

.. 10

.. 4

..

..

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.. 1

1

1

I

3

.. I

If

.. 81

1

.. - 139 -

S0X not ;ated

4

4

9

..

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1 22 - -

lale -

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4

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2

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1

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.. 27

.. 2

47 __

- male

- .. ..

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2

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..

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,. 22

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..

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.. 22

..

.. - 24 -

INPANTILE .- [ale

..

..

..

1

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..

..

.. 4

1

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..

..

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- wale

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.. - 7 -

220


s m

221

= f

3: m u 2 -

--

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . . -- . . . .

TABLE 9

Gorilla (beringmi) . 8kulk INFANTILE WL.T -

I - m i -

2

..

..

..

.. - 2 -

- 5

3 * G -

..

..

..

..

.. - .. -

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy

Chicago, Ill.

Comparative Zoology


Field Museum of Natural History,

Hamard University, Museum of

Johns Hopkins University,

U. 8. National Museum, Division of Mammals -

TABLE 12 Symphalangus (siamang). -~ --

1 ADULT

Skulls INFANTILE -

2 4=

* u

-

..

..

..

..

.. -

..

I-- _-

- Q

3 -

..

..

..

..

.. L .. -

I

- Q

i ; -

..

..

..

..

.. - .. -

- 0

O m i i --

. . . .

1 1

. . . .

.. i .. I 1

. . . . -- 1 1

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy ..

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Mammalogy 1

Comparative Zoology 1 Hamard University, Museum of

Johns Hopkina University, Collection of A. H. Schultz 2


TOWS

TABLE 10

Pongo ( h i a ) . Skulls

z a d e m y of Natural Sciences





Camegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa.

Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, 111.

Harvard University, Museum o j Comparative Zoology





Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.

Stanford University, Calif ., Dept. of Anatomy

University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoolog:




U. S. Natioiial Museum, Division of Mammals


Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatom:

Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, P a


Zoological Society, Houston Tex.



Zoological Society,

Totals Toledo, 0.

_-

0 - 3 - 4

..

1

3

.. 5

5

2

1

4

1 .. 1

1

1'

..

.. 1

33

.. 5

4

..

..

.. - 72

ADULT

3

..

..

4

.. 5

3

1

.. 3

..

.. 1

..

..

..

.. 1

35

.. 6

1

3

1

1 68 - -

.c1

f * $2 m --

9

1

1

..

.. 5

. .

..

. .

..

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..

..

.. 1

1

..

.. 1

.. 8

3

..

.. - 31 -

..

..

4

3

1

3

2

1

..

1

..

..

..

..

* .

..

..

.. 4

.. 7

..

..

..

.. - 25 -

JUVIENILJe

..

. .

2

..

..

. . 1

..

.. 1

..

..

. .

.. 1

..

..

. . 4

.. 1

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..

..

.. ~

10 -

a 3 *

8 2 m

..

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4

1

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INFANT=

..

..

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..

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..

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3

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..

..

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..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. - 7

222

TABLE 11

Hylobates. SkuUs

--- Academy of Natural Sciencea

American Mu~eum of Natural

of Philadelphia







John6 Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz

Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis

San Diego Museum, Balboa Park, Calif.

University of California, Museum of Vertebrate Zoolog3






Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.

Yale University, Peabodv Museum


Totals

--

0 - s - 3

1

10

5

61

1

1

10

1

2

..

1

1

67

.. 5

9

..

- 2 fi z - 2

1

8

17

53

..

..

13

1

..

1

1

..

57

..

1

4

.. - 159 -

223

- a B : ?22 rn - ..

1

1

..

7

5

..

.. * .

..

..

..

..

5

1

..

..

4

0 - 4 - ..

..

6

16

15

..

..

1

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

5

2

JUVENILE

a - i z - ..

..

4

2

14

..

1

3

..

..

..

..

..

,u 2 *

E 2 rn - 1

..

3

. .

4

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. ..

.. I . .

4 1 1 I I I .. ..

.. . .

INFANTILI

0 - 3 __

..

..

..

..

5

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

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5 -

a - a

..

..

..

..

3

..

..

.. * .

..

..

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..

..

..

..

..

.. - 3 -

- 2 * -.

9 4 W - ..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

..

1

..

1

..

..

..

1

..

.. - 4 -

AMER[OAN SOVENAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOQY, VOL. XXIY, NO. 2

224 W. M. KROQMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

TABLE 18 Hiscellaneous skeletat material

I ADULT I J-NLLID I INPANPILl

Pan (troglodytes) -

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.-

..

1

1

1

..

..

10

.. 1

-

1

..

..

..

..

..

15




Johns Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropolog:





2

..

..

..

..

1

..

..

..

..

3

1

..

..

8

..

..

..

1

..

2

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1

..

..

1

. .

..

..

..

..

..

3

..

1

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. 3

.. Zoological Society, Toledo, 0. Totals 13 14 ..

Gorilla (gorilla) -

..

..

. .

..

3


Comparative Zoology



Harvard University, Museum of

I ..

3 1 :: 1

. . ' * .

.. ! . .

I 2 ~ .. .. ..

I

. . ! . .

3

..

.. , .. I

. . ! . . 3 ! . . .. ..

10 1 3 ' . . .. ..

.. .. .. __ .... .. -

Yale University,

Totals 30 5 .. .. - __ _- . . - Peabody Museum - 5 1 , . .

19 ' 3 1 - 3 - ..... - .-


TABLE 14

Pongo (simia) - American Museum of Natural




Harvard University, Museum o Comparative Zoology

Johm Hopkins University, Collection of A. H. Schultz

Western Reserve University,

Wistar Institute of Anatomy


Cleveland, 0.; Lab. of Anatom:

and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa.

Zoological Society, Toledo, 0. Totals --

- American Museum of Natural

Hist.orv. N. Y.. Derk. of r -

Mammalogy




Totals -- -

..

..

..

..

2

.. 3

.. 5

- ..

1

..

..

1

1

1

1 5

1

..

..

6

..

1

..

.. 8

Hylobates and Symphalangus a

..

..

1

..

2

..

..

.. - 3 -

3

..

..

15" (S) 13 (5 5)

.. ..

.. I &S) ..

..

..

..

..

1

..

..

.. - 1 -

1

..

..

..

,.

..

..

.. - 1

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. .- ..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. - ..

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

. . . . -

. . . .

..

2

..

..

..

..

..

.. - 2 - -

.. * .

..

.. -

.. 'Hylobates, except where (S) is stated.

226 W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

TABLE 15 Living asthropoids. Pan (troglodytes)

Brookside Zoo, Cleveland, 0.

Central Park Zoo, N. Y.

City Zoo, Houston, Tex.

Como Park Zoo, St. Paul, Minn.

Detroit Zoological Park,

Duluth Zoological Gardens, Minn

Fleishhacher Zoo, San Francisco, Cal.

Forest Park Zoo, Fort Worth, Tex.

Franklin Park Zoological Gardens, Boston, Mass.

Hershey Zoological Gardens, Pa

Johmi Hopkins University, Lab. of Physical Anthropologj

Royal Oak, Mich.

Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Ill.

Madison Zoological Gardens, Wis

Municipal Zoo, Syracuse, N. Y

New Orleans Zoological

New Pork Zoological Park, N. Y

Philadelphia Zoological

Toledo Zoo, Ohio

Washington Zoo, Milwaukee, Wit

Yale University, Lab. of Primate Biology

Zoological Society, San Diego, Cal.

Totals

Gardens, La.

Gardens, Pa.

_____

ADULT

.. 3

2

.. 3

1

2 1 ;: t 1

1

.. 1

2 { E 1 ..

1

1(llt)

..

1

1

.. 4

1 25 -~

Female

.. 2

..

..

1

1

1(12)

1

1

..

3

.. 1(9)

1

124 2 ( 11

3

4

1

..

15

1 38 - __

- Male -

1

1

.. 1

..

..

..

1

.. 1

..

1(7:

..

..

.. 1

..

.. 1

5

.. - 13 -

- Female

1

2

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1(5)

..

..

..

..

1

1

1

10

.. __ 17 -

h T P b N T m

Yale

..

..

..

..

..

..

L(2)

..

..

..

..

..

..

.*

..

..

..

..

..

2

.. ~

3 -

emale -

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

2

.. - 2 -


..

227

I . .

New York Zoological Park, N. Y.


.. 1

1 .. 1( G.b.)

..

.. .. ..

..

.. Zoological Society, San Diego, Cal. 2(G.b.) Totals lL/ '2'

Pongo (simia) - .. .. .. ..

.. 1

1

.. __ - 2 -

10 .. .. ..

l ( 2 t )

..

..

1(2f) 3 -

- Central Park Zoo, N. Y.

Fleishhaeher Zoo, San Francisco, Cal.

Hershey Zoological Gardens, Pa.

Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, Ill.

National Zoological Park,



Johns Ropkins University,

Washington, D. C.


.. .. ..

..

.. 1

..

.. - 1 -

1

1

I I . .

Totals 5

Hylobates and Symphalangus

Central Park Zoo, N. Y. 12 I

.. I .. I I Madison Zoological Gardens, Wis.

National Zoological Park, I. . Washington, D. C. 1 1(5)

.. , . * i .. 1 . .

New 'York Zoological Park, N. Y.


1

2

1 ' . . .. , ..


Totals -1.7-

i 1 I

.. ! .. .-I 1 I ..

Gorilla gorilla except where (G.b.) is specified. Hylobates except where (S) is specified.

5 5

O r

a I P

a d c

- m

~- - - I -- ~~ - - .' Totals ~ 3(1G.b.) . .

Pan (troglodytes) -

1

, .

..

..

, .

,.

. .

..

..

..

.. - 1 -

-

.. 1

..

-

6

1

..

..

2

..

..

_.

-

2

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. ..... 2

-

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1

.. . . .

1

-

..

..

..

1

9

1

1

1

..

1.

.. _- 13 -

-

..

..

..

..

1

1

..

..

..

..

1 3 - -

3

..

3

..

2

..

..

..

3

.. 1

..

. .

. .

1 7

- ... -

parati& Anatomy

Foundation, Cleve- Cleveland Clinic

land, Ohio Forest Park ZOO, Ft. Worth, Texas Harvard University Museum of Compai tive Zoology

Johns Hopkins Un versity, Lab. of Physical Anthro-

Johns Hopkins Un versity, Collection A. H. Schultz

Philadelphia Zoo10 cal Gardens, Pa.

Tulane University, New Orleans, La., Dept. of Anatomy

University of Wis- consin, Dept. of Anatomy

Museum, Division Mammals

Western Reserve U versity, Cleveland, 0.. Lab. of Anatoi

PologY

U. S. National

..

..

..

..

. .

..

..

..

. .

..

.. -

.. -

..

. .

. .

..

1

. . 1

..

. .

..

1 3

_- -

4 4

..

..

..

..

..

2 12 -

1

..

1 .. ..

3

2 15 ____ .. __ 1

7 ( 9 Totals Gorilla (gorilla) '

American Museum of Natural History, Dept. of Compara- tive Anatomy

Carnegie Museum, ,

Pittsburgh, Pa. i . . Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of , A. H. Schultz .. Museum, Division of

Western Reserve Uni-,

I { :(G.b.)

u. s. National j Mammals 1 ..

. . . . I !

. . , .. I

1 1 . .

. . . . .

-+ 1 ..

1 3

..

. .

..

.. - 3

..

..

..

..

.. -

.. _.

. .

..

.. -

..

..

. .

..

. . -

..

..

..

..

..

..

._ ..

..

.. ..

.. ' .. 1 l(G.b.) ..

1 .. 1 1 ah nt Anatnmv' . . .. - _ _ _ _ 1 .. 1

Gorilla gorilla, except where (G.b.) is specified. 228

Academy of Natural Sciences, Phila., Pa.

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y. Dept. of Comparative Anatomy

Field Museum of Natural History, (Jhicago, Ill.

Harvard University, Museum of Compara- tive Zoology

Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of A. H. Schultz

University of Wisconsin Dept. of Anatomy

U, 8. National Museum Division of Mammals

Washington University St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy

Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy

Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology , Philadelphia, Pa. _-

Totals -

- 1

5

..

..

.. ..

2 1

(auto1 sied)

..

.. - 9 -

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y. nept. of Comparative Anatomy I 5

Harvard ~ University, Museum of Compara- tive Anatomy

versity, Lab. of Physical Anthropology

versity, Collection of A. H. Schultz

U.. 5. National Museux Division of Mammals

Wistar Institute of

Johns Hopkins Uni-

Johns Hopkins Uni-

1

1

7

Anatomy and Biology, Philadelphia, Pa. -

Totals

American Museum of

_L

- Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Comparative Anatomy 1 Division of Mammals

U. S. National Museum, 2 Totals 3

- ..

4

..

..

..

..

..

..

1

.. - .. 5 -

5

.. - 16

9yn

3

.. - 3

..

..

..

..

..

.. (b(

..

..

1

.. - 1 -

I -

4

..

..

..

..

. . __ 4 m -

. I

-

- 1

1

..

..

.. 1 P

..

..

. .

.. __ 3 a -

2

1

2

.. 5

1 11 - - gus

..

.. - . . .

- ..

2

..

..

.. 1

LlY

..

..

..

.. - 3

es -

- ..

..

..

..

..

.. sset

..

..

..

.. - .. -

..

..

..

..

1

.. Id)

1

..

..

.. - 2 -

..

..

1

1 Z (one pithout head)

..

1

..

..

.. - 5 -

-

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

1 1 -- -

..

.. - .. -

- ..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

..

.. -

.. -

..

..

3

.. ..

.. - 3 __

- ..

..

..

.. 1

..

..

..

..

.. - 1 -

- ..

..

..

1 ..

..

..

..

..

.. - 1 -

TABLE 19 Yiscellaneol~s undissected parts or viscera

1 male dissected limbs and trunk, 1 hands and feet of (Q.b.) ; genito-' urinary tract of

-- American Museum of

Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Com-

1 eyes

parative Anatomy

Ieart, thyroid, ad- renals, genitals of adult male

Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleve- land, Ohio

Harvard University, Museum of Com- parative Zoology

....


Harvard University, Warren Anatomical Museum

Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Lab. of Physical Anthro- PologY

I heart and aortic arch

1 reproductive system (geni- talia)

....

....

....


10 hearts and aortis arches

1 tract of viacerr en masse

....

1 ileo-cecal junction

1 male heart and lungs

Loyola University, Chicago, Ill., Dept. of Anatomy

Oklahoma University, Dept. of Anatomy

Philadelphia Zoologi- cal Gardens, Pa.

Tulane University, New Orelans, La., Dept. of Anatomy


Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Bioloev. Phila.. Pa.

I limbs, 2 eyee, 1 set ovaries and uterus

....

'ongue, larynx, f ace-skin, ears (one animal)

?artly dissected bodies 1 adult fe male, 4 juvenile male, 4 infantill female

...

, gall bladder 1 duodenum

.9 hearts and aortic arches; 1 lung

en masse tracts of viscer

17 sets finger, palm, sole of Yale C c E Z animals

. ileo-cecal junction

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

limbs of in- fante; 2 hands, 2 feet of juve niles; 1 hand oi adult

1 gall bladder 1 duodenum

HPI.OBATES

..

....

reproductive tract, female and misc. viscera

....

....

~ sets limbs

....

....

hearts and aortic arches

....

...

....

The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia has two jars of nnidentifIed and miscellaneous viecars.

* Gorilla gorilla unless (G.b.) specified.

230

TABLE 20

Brains

American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Com. parative Anatomy

Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila., P a

Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleve-

Cornell University,

land, Ohio

School of Medicine, Dept. of Anatomy, Ithaca, N. Y.


Philadelphia Zoologi- cal Gardens, Pa.

University of Illinois, Dept. of Anatomy, Ghicago, Ill.

U. S. National Museum, Dept. of Physical Anthro- POlOgY


Wiatar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, Phila., Pa.

PAN

Three brains

Fwo brains

h e brain of adul female

Fwo brains, one left side (youni males) ; one brain, om right side (young female)

3ne-half of cere- brum

Fhree brains

Phree brains (on' hemisphere), mounted in museum

3ix brains (5 young males, 1 young female)

Fwo adult male; two juvenile male; one infan tile female; one adult and one in fantile (sex unknown)

....

QOEXLL.4 1

3ne brain

rhree braina

rhree brains

3ne brain [young male)

. . . .

...

.,

Fen brains (t adult females 3 young males 1 young female), one brain ((3.b.) (young male)

Fwo brains

....

PONQO

Chree brains

...

....

Cwo brains (adult female) two brains, on cerebellum young female) one brain (infantile female)

....

Cwo brains

h e brain (on hemispere in- tact)

'4 brains (13 adult males, 11 adult, females, I young males, 6 young females:

....

h e adult male one adult femal

EYLOBATES AND

SYMPEALANQUS

....

....

....

....

....

'wo brains (H)

....

brains (5) (1 adult male, 2 adult females, 3 young males, 2 young females) 43 brains (H) (21 adult males, 15 adult females, 3 young male., 4 young females)

....

'wo braina (H)

* Gorilla gorilla except where G.b. (= Gorilla beringeri) stated.

231

232

1 juvenile male

1 adult female, juvenile male, 1 adult .ight foot, 1 adult left hand

....

W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

....

11 adult male

....

TABLE 21 Mounted specimens



Western Reserve University, Cleveland, O., Lab. of Anatomy

Zoological Society, Houston, Tex. ' Listed under hides.

PAN I PONQO

5, in group'

L adult male,' 1 adult female, 1 juveniie

1 aduIt male, 1 adult female, 1 juvenile male

1 adult female


American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of Com- parative Anatomy





.... male long bones

....



5 heads .... 8 heads; 2 heads ....

(G.b.); 1 skull; 1 female and 2 male busts

I. .... ....

Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis.

3 skulls, 1 brain

1 face mask (G.b.)

Rochester Museum Art and. Sciences, N. Y.

3 femora, 1 humerus, 1 tibia, 2 radii 1 hand, 1 foot (G.b.)


Science Museum of 81 Paul Institute, Minn.

University of Chicagc Dept. of Anthropolog;

U. S. National Museum Division of Mammals

Yale University, Peabady Museum

....

hand

Washington Universitj St. Louis, Dept. of Anatomy

Western Reserve Uni- versity, Cleveland, 0 Lab. of Anatomy

4 face masks 2 hands, 1 left (G.b.); 1 head, foot (Q.b.), 2 1 adult male bust; 1 small right foot model entire animal

left hands, 1

.... ....

TABLE 22

casts

PAN I G O ~ L L A 1

Heads: 2 adult male, 2 juvenile male, 1 juvenile female, 1 infantile female

1 adult male brain

He+d, sknll, brain, endo-

csst

Feet: 5 adult (2 are G.b.), 2 juvenile, 1 infantile, 1 foetus.

Hands: 5 adult (3 are Q-b.), 1 juvenile, 1 infantile, 1 foetus

....

heads

2 adult male skulls

1 adult male endoeast

male head, 5 male and female busts

brain

skulls, 1 brain

....

....

...

busts

.....

adult male heads, 4 juvenil male heads

adult male )rain; 1 adult male head; 2 adult male ears . adult male brain

. adult male endocast

1 adult female endocast adult male sku

.... L endocast

1 brain, 1 skull

1 adult male head; 1 adult female head

Limb, hand. Head, hll. brain, endo- 1 foot

Limb, hand

hand, 1 foot

....

adult male an 4 juvenile hands; 3 adult male and 4 juvenile feet

I adult male arms, 2 adult male hands an feet adult male lei

foot; 1 adult male right an left hand

....

.... 2 adult male ....

.... ....

.... 1 skull, 1 brain, .... 1 endoeast; one, small model entire animal

2 face-masks 5 right and left hands and feet, adult male; 1

face-mask adult 1 left foot female; 3 endo-/ (G.b.) casts ! -

* Gorilla gorilla except where stated G.b. (= Gorilla beringeri) .

234


American Museum of Natural History, N. Y., Dept. of a m - parative Anatomy



W. M. KROGMAN AND A. H. SCHULTZ

1 head

2 heads

1 brain

2 skulls; 1 brain

TABLE 23

Costs


Harvard University, Peabody Muse&

I PONQO

2 adult male a m , 1 adult female skull

2 young heads

Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis.

Rochester Museum Arts and Sciencks, N. Y.


University of Chicago,l Dept. of Anthropology



1 adult male brain

.... 1 adult male endocast

adult male skull

1 brain, 1 endocast

2 adult male heads

Johns Hopkins Uni- versity, Collection of A. H. ESchultz

2 adult male heads, 2 adult female heads, 2 juvenile male heads, 2 juve. nile female heads 1 newborn head, 2 foetal heads

Limb, hand, foot

.... hands and feel

....

....

hand, 1 foot'

right hand

Ianda and feet of 2 adult malei

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

brain

skull, 1 brain

....

head (a)

adult head, 4 foetal heads

....

adult male sku1

adult female endocast

....

....

endocast

Limb hand. fAot

....

....

....

....

1 hand and foot, 1 hand and foot (a) ....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

Documents

Anthropoid ape materials in American collections