Anatomy and Physiology of the Speech Mechanism

Lisa KopfFall 2012

Zemlin, W.R. (1998). Pg. 32.

• Respiratory

• Phonatory

• Resonance

• Articulatory

• Respiration (breathing)

• Phonation (voicing)

• Resonance (influencing voice)

• Articulation (speech sounds)

• Respiration (breathing)

• Phonation (voicing)

• Resonance (influencing voice)

• Articulation (speech sounds)

• Respiration (breathing)

• Phonation (voicing)

• Resonance (influencing voice)

• Articulation (speech sounds)

• Respiration (breathing)

• Phonation (voicing)

• Resonance (influencing voice)

• Articulation (speech sounds)

Lisa KopfFall 2012

http://www.easyrent.tj/001_lib/002_anatomy_3d/3d_models/human_anatomy/male_systems/Male_Respiratory_3.php

http://www.easyrent.tj/001_lib/002_anatomy_3d/3d_models/human_anatomy/male_systems/Male_Respiratory_3.php

http://web.carteret.edu/keoughp/LFreshwater/NEO/blackboard/Pediatric%20Diseases/

• Nasal cavity• Oral cavity• Pharyngeal cavity

• Filter, moisten, warm air

http://academic.kellogg.edu/herbrandsonc/bio201_mckinley/Respiratory%20System.htm

http://www.homebusinessandfamilylife.com/larynx.html http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/normal-vocal-cords

• Cricotracheal ligaments

• 11-12 cm long

• 2-2.5 cm diameter

• 16-20 rings

http://www.naturalhealthschool.com/bronchi_trachea.html

• Intratracheal membrane:• Connects tracheal rings

• Allows for movement • Trachealis muscle• Mucous membrane:• Goblet cells• Cilia in trachea

• Carina

http://www.naturalhealthschool.com/bronchi_trachea.html

http://www.getbodysmart.com/ap/respiratorysystem/tracheabronchi/trachea/tracheawall/tutorial.html

• Primary/main stem bronchi

• Secondary/lobar bronchi

• Tertiary/segmental bronchi

Zemlin, W.R. (1998). Pg. 36.

• Left Primary Bronchus• 2 secondary bronchi• 8 tertiary bronchi

• Right Primary Bronchus– 3 secondary

bronchi– 10 tertiary bronchi

Zemlin, W.R. (1998). Pg. 38.

• 1 mm or less diameter

• Terminal bronchioles: communicate directly with the alveoli

http://www.easyrent.tj/001_lib/002_anatomy_3d/3d_models/human_anatomy/male_systems/Male_Respiratory_3.php

• Tiny air-filled sacs• 300-600 million in one person’s lungs • Clustered together at terminal

bronchioles

Hixon, T.J., et al. (2008). Preclinical Speech Science: Anatomy, Physiology, Acoustics, and Perception. Pg. 12.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HiT621PrrO0

http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/301notes6.htm

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3nZaSrV6v6k&feature=related

• Separates the lungs• Mediastinum

contains:• Heart• Part of esophagus • Part of trachea• Nerve tracts• Blood vessels

http://www.anatomy-resources.com/human-anatomy/sh331.htm

• Consists of 2 membraneous layers• Visceral pleura• Parietal pleura

• Layers are held together by intrapleural fluid pressure

• Total Lung Capacity (TLC)

•Women: 5 liters

•Men: 6 liters

• TV = Tidal Volume• VC = Vital Capacity• IRV = Inspiratory

Reserve Volume

• ERV = Expiratory Reserve Volume

• IC = Inspiratory Capacity• RV = Reserve Volume• FRC = Functional

Residual Capacity

• TLC = Total Lung Capacity

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9eiVqddVVo&feature=related