View
236
Download
5
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Anatomical TerminologyAnatomical TerminologyWhy? Correct anatomical terminology allows people to
communicate effectively and accurately Body Positions
- Anatomical Position:body erect, feet on floor and slightly apart, head and palms facing forward
- Supine: body lying face upward
- Prone: body lying face downward
Anatomical Terminology Cont.Anatomical Terminology Cont. Directional Terms
- anterior (ventral)--the front side of the body- posterior (dorsal)--the back side of the body- superior (cranial)--toward the head- inferior (caudal)--away from the head- medial--toward the midline of the body- lateral--away from the midline of the body- proximal--closer to the point of attachment- distal--farther from the point of attachment- superficial (external)--located close to or on the body
surface- deep (internal)--located beneath the body surface
Regional TermsRegional Terms Anterior
Abdominal: anterior body trunk inferior to ribs Acromial: point of shoulder Antebrachial: forearm Antecubital: anterior surface of elbow Axillary: armpit Brachial: arm Buccal: cheek area Carpal: wrist Cervical: neck region Coxal: hip Crural: leg Deltoid: curve of shoulder area formed by large
deltoid muscle
Regional Terms Cont.Regional Terms Cont. Digital: fingers, toes Femoral: thigh Fibular: lateral part of leg Frontal: forehead Inguinal: area where thigh meets body trunk; groin Nasal: nose area Oral: mouth Orbital: eye area Patellar: anterior knee Pelvic: area overlying the pelvis Pubic: genital region Sternal: breastbone area Tarsal: ankle region Thoracic: chest Umbilical: navel
Regional Terms Cont.Regional Terms Cont. Posterior
Calcaneal: heel of foot Cephalic: head Femoral: thigh Gluteal: buttock Lumbar: area of back between ribs and hips Occipital: posterior surface of head Olecranal: posterior surface of elbow Popliteal: posterior knee area Sacral: area between hips Scapular: shoulder blade region Sural: the posterior surface of lower leg; the calf Vertebral: area of spine Plantar: sole of the foot
Body Planes and SectionsBody Planes and Sections Sagittal:longitudinal section that divides the body into
right and left portions- median or midsagittal:directly down the middle of the body- parasagittal:divides anywhere except for right down the middle; divides the body into unequal parts
Frontal (coronal):divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
Transverse:divides the body into superior (top) and inferior (bottom) portions
Body CavitiesBody Cavities Dorsal (posterior)
- cranial cavity--houses the brain- spinal (vertebral) cavity--contains the spinal cord
Ventral (anterior)- thoracic cavity
- pericardial cavity-surrounds the heart- pleural cavities--surrounds the lungs
- abdominopelvic- abdominal cavity--contains the stomach, spleen,
liver, gall bladder, pancreas, and the small and large intestine
- pelvic cavity--contains the lower part of the digestive system (rectum), the urinary bladder, and the internal reproductive organs of the female
Body Cavities Cont.Body Cavities Cont. Abdominopelvic Cavity
- four quadrants- right upper quadrant (RUQ)- right lower quadrant(RLQ)- left upper quadrant(LUQ)- left lower quadrant(LLQ)
- Nine regionsepigastric--upper middle portionumbilical--central portion hypogastric--lower middle portionhypochondriac--either side of epigastriclumbar--either side of umbilicaliliac--either side of hypogastric
Recommended