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Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Component SelectionWhat components there are available
What components to use & where
Into the real world
Some rules
Hazardous area
Minimum configuration
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
PSU CPU
Mas
ter1
Mas
ter2
Mas
ter3
Remote I/O etc.
Profibus DP
Basic configuration always uses Profibus DP
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
The Master controls all cyclic communicationsThe Master is configured using a software tool for your PLC/DCSUse a .gsd file as the common interface between all devices and the masterYou can have more than one master on a network
A slave is locked to a cyclic master
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Slave1
Slave4
Slave3
Slave2
Master
Cyclic Data Transfer
Cyclic operation:
M S1, S1 MM S2, S2 MM S3, S3 MM S4, S4 MM S1, S1 MM S2, S2 M
etc.
Single master system
© Manchester Metropolitan University
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Slave1
Master
Slave4
Slave3
Slave2
Slave5
1Master
2
Cyclic Data Transfer
Token
Cyclic operation:M1 S1, S1 M1M1 S2, S2 M1M1 S4, S4 M1M1 token M2
M2 S3, S3 M2M2 S5, S5 M2M2 token M1M1 S1, S1 M1M1 S2, S2 M1
etc.
Token
Dual master system
Token
Token
Token
© Manchester Metropolitan University
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
For Process Automation devices youneed a converter between DP & PADP uses RS485
Different converters exist. Simple couplers or link modulesEach has its areas of use, benefits and disadvantages
PA uses Manchester Bus Power
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Conversion between RS485 and Manchester Bus Powered communications
© Manchester Metropolitan University
0
-9mA
time
Current/mA
+9mA
1 1 0 0
Profibus PA Manchester Bus Powered multi-drop
4To7
volts
Profibus DPRS485 multi-drop
Coupler
or lin
k mod
ule
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
PSU CPU
Mas
ter1
Mas
ter2
Mas
ter3
Remote I/O etc.
PROFIBUS-PA
Link module allows non-unique addressing, uses one address on the bus for all PA devices and allows full baud rate
Coupler uses unique addressing, no address on the bus but fixed baud rate
SK3 coupler uses unique addressing, no address on the bus but full baud rate is available
Powered termination.
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Simple coupler (P&F / Siemens)
15 ms15 ms
15 ms
PROFIBUS-DP
PROFIBUS-PA
For 31 devices approximately half a second cycle time
Master class 1Master class 2
© Endress & Hauser
Unique addressing only
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
• Two variants of the DP/PA Coupler: Ex and Non-Ex
• Converts the signals from DP (RS 485) to PA (IEC 61158-2)
• Transparent to master and slave
• No configuration necessary
• Fixed baud rate of 45.45 or 93.75 kBit/s on DP network
• Contains termination (one end) for the Profibus PA bus
• Powers the PA field devices
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
15 ms15 ms
15 ms
PROFIBUS-PA
Link
1 ms
PROFIBUS-DP up to 12 Mbit/s
T SEG ~ 500 msec
Link module (Siemens)
© Endress & Hauser
Non-unique addressing
Master class 1
12 13 etc
12 13 14
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
• The LINK contains at least one IM157 module and one DP/PA coupler
the Link acts as a DP-Slave to the DP-Masterthe Link acts as a master to the PA-Slavesmax. I/O range for all PA devices:
244 Byte Input + 244 Byte Output
• Address range on PROFIBUS-DP between 0-125
• Address range for slaves on PROFIBUS-PA from 3-125
• Up to 5 DP/PA couplers can be connected to one IM157 module•Remember the 244 byte limit
• 9.6 kBit/s to 12 Mbit/s (standard bus parameters)
• GSD generator required when used outside a Siemens environment
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Where now?Profibus PA can go 1900 metres inthe field with up to 31 slaves
Current limiting devices can be employed to protect segmentsThis enables a highly flexible systemto be created
Junction boxes are often used to distribute PA around the plant
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
PSU CPU
Mas
ter1
Mas
ter2
Mas
ter3
Remote I/O
Limits apply on spur lengths Spurs can be protected
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Possible faults in a PROFIBUS PA segment
failure effect estim. of harm
1 breakdown of PA Coupler breakdown of up to 31 devices
2 short-circuit / wire break on backbone breakdown of up to 31 devices
3 short-circuit / wire break on spur breakdown of typ. 1-4 devices
4 missing bus termination disturbance of communication
max. 31 devices per coupler
IM 157 redundant
DP/PA coupler, non redundant
23 backbone
spur
...
bus termination
PROFIBUS DPPROFIBUS PA
1
spur
4
© Endress & Hauser
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Redundant systems
Offers a safe and reliable system for critical plant
Using special devices the PA segmentcan be maintained even under faultconditions
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Fault tolerant PROFIBUS PA - Overview
PRO
FIB
US
DP
IM 157, redundant
DP/PA coupler, redundant
AFS
M
PROFIBUS PA
PRO
FIB
US
DP
AFD
M
PROFIBUS PA
DP/PA coupler, redundant
IM 157, redundant
© Siemens Ltd
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Hazardous areaVery simple to do – you can self-certify
Hazardous area components available
Allows a flexible approach as in a safe area
FISCO, FINCO, ENTITY all supported
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Hazardous area•Max 1000 metres (EEx ia)•Max 10 devices (current limited)•Max 60 metre spur lengths•Max 100 mA link module supply•Vo < Vi•Io < Ii FISCO parameters•Po < Pi (Fieldbus Intrinsically safe COncept
Limitation of device capacitance and inductance: Ci < 5 nF, Li < 10 µH
•One source of power (i.e. device is a passive current sink)•Must use FISCO approved devices.
FISCO - Rules Overview
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
PSU CPU
Mas
ter1
Mas
ter2
Mas
ter3
Remote I/O
EEXia
Using FISCO rules you need a special coupler or link module
Maximum of 8 to 10 devices
Maximum of 1000 metres using type A cable
Safe area
Hazardous area
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
FieldBarrier from Pepperl+Fuchs
Cover forEx e Terminals
4 Spurs withCable Glands
Ex i Terminals
LEDsSwitchable FieldbusTermination Resistor
Trunk In withCable Glands
Trunk Out withCable Glands
GroundingPoint
© Pepperl & Fuchs Ltd
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
PSU CPU
Mas
ter1
Mas
ter2
Mas
ter3
Remote I/O
EEXe
Field Barrier
Limit on the numberof devices on a segment is 110mA
Using a field barrier meansyou do not need a hazardous area coupler so can have the full 400mA available Safe area
Hazardous area
EEX ia
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
I.SNon-I.SNumber of spurs
60m120m1-1260m90m13-1460m60m15-1860m30m19-241m1m24-32
DP (Decentralised Peripheral)
Networks
PA (PROCESS Automation)Networks
PA segment length is 1900 metres including
spurs
DP is distance limitedPA tends to be current limited
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
• 9-pin DIN is standard way to connect Profibus DP devices together.
• Outdoor equipment generally cable-glanded and hard-wired.
• Wide choice of Cable to suit each application.
• PA has 4 pin M12 plugs and sockets
Connectors
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Selection of over-voltage protection
Dehn+Söhne
© Endress & Hauser
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Power Hub Advanced Diagnostic Module
• Power Hub based Diagnostic Module• Upgrade option for existing
installations• Monitors Power Hub related functions
and Physical Layer health• Supports 4 Fieldbus Segments• Summary Alarm Relay Output• Status LED´s for
– Bulk power health– Segment health– Communication activity
Bulk power health
- Segment health- Communication activity
© Endress & Hauser
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
ProfiHub: Freedom for DP-Network Topology• 5 Galvanic isolated channels
(segments).• Suitable for RS 485 based networks
(PROFIBUS DP, DP-V1, DP-V2 and MPI).
• Transmission speeds: 9,6 Kbit/s …12 Mbit/s.
• Each channel complies to the DP -RS 485 specification.
• Integrated termination facility for each channel and trunk line.
• IP 65 classification.• Each channel can serve 1 up to 31
devices.• No limit in serial placement or
cascading of ProfiHubs.ProfiHub B5
ProfiHub A5
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
ProfiHub: Freedom for DP-Network Topology
• Large networks with star and tree topology• No limit in the cascading of ProfiHubs
RS485
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
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1b-1
23/1
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Fibre Optic topologies
Segment 1
Fuse
:x2.
1b-1
23/1
24
T
FIBRE-OPTIC
REPEATER
DP
FO
A
Fuse
:x2.
1b-1
23/1
24
T
FIBRE-OPTIC
REPEATER
DP
FO
A
Fuse
:x2.
1b-1
23/1
24
T
FIBRE-OPTIC
REPEATER
DP
FO
A
Segment 2 Segment 3
Profibus Process Event, ABB, May 2008
Fibre Optic topologies
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1b-1
23/1
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2.1b
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23/1
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