Some observations regarding the digital future of transportation

Some observations regarding the

digital future of freight transportation

Per Olof Arnäs, PhD

Chalmers University of Technology Service Management and Logistics

per-olof.arnas@chalmers.se about.me/perolofarnas

Slides: slideshare.net/poar @Dr_PO

OKIMG_5751 by taymtaym on Flickr (CC-BY)

Doing some Sisyphus work by Kalexanderson on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)

5 GLOBAL TRENDS

Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)

Crowd by James Cridland on Flickr (CC-BY)

Megatrend #1

Demographic and social

change

Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)

Four Storms And A Twister by JD Hancock on Flickr (CC-BY)

Megatrend #2

Shift in economic

powerSource: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)

Boston Downtown at Night by Werner Kunz on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)

Megatrend #3

Rapid urbanisation

Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)

¡Rayos! by José Eugenio Gómez Rodríguez on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)

Megatrend #4

Climate change and

resource scarcity

Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)

Megatrend #5

Technological breakthroughs

Source: PWC (google: pwc megatrends 2014)

Demographic and social

change

Shift in economic

power

Rapid urbanisation

Technological breakthroughsClimate

change and resource scarcity

5 GLOBAL TRENDS

Things are happening outside the freight industry

(and have been for some time)

Things are happening outside the freight industry

(and have been for some time)

1957

Things are happening outside the freight industry

(and have been for some time)

Image: Richard Hancock, twitter.com/CanaryWorf

2015

Gartners Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies

Source: Gartner July 2016

Could affect transportation and logistics

Mob

ile W

orld

Con

gres

s 201

6 by

Kār

lis D

ambrān

s on

Flic

kr (C

C-BY

)

Increased use of digital technology

Digitalization:

Make analogue information digital

Digitization:

Both are important! (and interesting)

http://www.dhl.com/en/about_us/logistics_insights/dhl_trend_research/trendradar.html

Several of these trends require digital development

Integration of digital and physical worlds

http://www.sygic.com/gps-navigation/addon/head-up-display

Say hi to the new sensors

http://mobsentech.com

”New” modes of transport

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50sv4M4rgBMhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HG76DcXySuw

More automation

The sharing economy hits freight transport (again and again…)

Servitization

Move up in the value chain

Upgrade drop points

Consumer services

Expose data

Mall of Scandinavia

http://www.smartcompany.com.au/growth/innovation/41765-online-retailer-offers-a-courier-that-waits-at-your-door-fashion-advice-not-included.html

https://www.amazon.com/dashbutton

https://www.shyp.com

The Action of New York City by Trey Ratcliff on Flickr (CC-BY,NC,SA)

Real-time (data driven) decision making

Data collection Data processingData exploitation

http://mindconnect.se/http://waze.com

https://mydrive.tomtom.com/

Smart access/guidance control

Smart access/guidance control

Smart access/guidance control

Smart access/guidance control

3 mountaintops to climb…

3 data types

Mountaintop #1 Collection of data in real-time

Fixed Historical Snapshot

Mountaintop #1 Collection of data in real-time

5 data domainsVehicle CargoDriver Company

Infrastructure/ facility

at leas

t…

LengthWeightWidthHeight

Capacity+ other PBS-criteria

EmissionsFuel consumption

Route

PositionSpeed

Direction

WeightOrigin

Destination Accepted ETA

Temperature+ other state variables

Temperature + other state variables

Education/training

Speed (ISA)Rest/break schedule

Traffic behaviour Belt usage

Alco lock history

Schedule status (time to next break etc.)

Contracts/ agreements

Previous interactions Backoffice support

Fixed Historical Snapshot

Vehicle

Cargo

Driver

Company

Infrastructure/facility

Map + fixed data layers

Traffic historyCurrent traffic

Queue Availability

DATA MATRIX

Mountaintop #2 Processing of data in real-time

Mountaintop #3 Exploiting data in real-time

CASES (MANY)

CASES (MANY MORE)

Bitcoin, bitcoin coin, physical bitcoin, bitcoin photo by Antana on Flickr (CC-BY,SA)

Block chain technology

Records transactions and data among actors that do not trust each other

Fully decentralized

Actors that do not trust each other

= your typical supply chain

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/

August 7, 2015

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/

August 7, 2015October 15, 2015

Wave (wavebl.com) Electronic Bill of Lading

Stored in a blockchain

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/

August 7, 2015October 15, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/

October 31, 2015October 31, 2015

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/

August 7, 2015October 15, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/

October 31, 2015October 31, 2015

http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/shipping-giant-maersk-tests-blockchain-powered-bills-lading-1585929

October 12, 2016

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/

August 7, 2015October 15, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/

October 31, 2015October 31, 2015

http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/shipping-giant-maersk-tests-blockchain-powered-bills-lading-1585929

October 12, 2016

http://www.coindesk.com/europe-biggest-port-blockchain-logistics/

November 29, 2016

http://www.coindesk.com/how-bitcoins-technology-could-make-supply-chains-more-transparent/

May 31, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/future-use-cases-blockchain-technology-parcel-tracking-regardless-courier/

August 7, 2015October 15, 2015

https://news.bitcoin.com/nimber-disrupts-logistics-system-blockchain-matters/

October 31, 2015October 31, 2015

http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/shipping-giant-maersk-tests-blockchain-powered-bills-lading-1585929

October 12, 2016

http://www.coindesk.com/europe-biggest-port-blockchain-logistics/

November 29, 2016March 5, 2017

Oct 2015

Oct 2016Mar 2017

Oct 2013Apr 2012 Oct 2015

Oct 2016

Mar 2017”Blockchain””Blockchain

supply chain”

Just 18 months!

So…

What are we doing about it then?!

Architecture for EurOpean Logistics Information eXchange

Budget: 16 M€ from the Commission 36 months, Sep 2016 - Aug 2019

This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 690797

Develop necessary interfaces for an integrated syncromodal freight transport system.

Deploy C-ITS services for freight and logistics by specifying, using and fostering interoperable and complementary communications technologies.

Promote the potential of new innovative trends such as big data, Internet of Things and automation for Freight and Logistics

Develop user awareness and promote the use and benefits of ITS and their associated monetary benefits (business models) to logistics stakeholders

1

2

3

4

innovation areasInter-

operability Technical Legal Business Communities

Interfaces with any logistics information

systems

Distributed open system through

configurable plugin APIs

Data access, privacy

identification, authentication

Enable low-complexity and

low-cost connectivity

Open to all stakeholders

across modes, within and

across related supply chains

Support continued

development of standardized

formats

Demand driven from users rather than

supply driven

Secure, Resilient and

Trusted environment procedures

Business models and

public-privater governance

Towards a Single European Transport Area

Dr Per Olof Arnäs Associate professor Dan Andersson

Associate professor Gunnar Stefansson

Professor Stig Franzén

Professor MariAnne Karlsson

Per Wide. MSc Doctoral student

Postdoctoral researcher under recruitment Postdoctoral researcher

under recruitment

Service Management and Logistics Design & Human Factors

The team at Chalmers

Linda de Vries. Lic Eng Doctoral student

Engagement

1. Co-creation 2. Active user involvement 3. Real-life setting 4. Multi-stakeholder participation 5. Multi-method approach

Living labs

http://openlivinglabs.eu

•Thessaloniki-Balkans &centralEuropeviarail/road•Gothenburg-Hamburg,Bratislavaloadcontrolcentre,TriestetothreeTEN-Tcorridors(Scandinavian-Mediterranean,Mediterranean,Baltic-Adriatic)

•UrbanBordeaux&AtlanticCorridor•UK- ContinentalEU- China logistics• Bucharest-Vienna:Inlandwaterway

Multi/syncromodalTransport

• Seaports:Hamburg,Gothenburg,Bordeaux,Trieste•Railwayhubs:Hamburg,TriesteNorthamptonshire• Inlandwaterway(barge)terminals:BucharestVienna

• Cities:Bordeaux,Gothenburg•Virtualfreightcentres:Thessaloniki IndustrialArea

IntelligentHubs

•Thewholelogistics network,incl.ports, inlandtransport(road,train,barge)inTheNetherlands,GermanyandSpain

•Allsitesthatwillcovermulti/synchromodaltransport

NetworkOptimisation

Consortium

Standardisation Bodies: CEN, ETSI, GS1

Networks : ITS Germany, TTS Italy, ITS UK, ITS HELLAS, ITS Germany, ITS Sweden, CLECAT, Wolfsburg, Cluster Canario (CCTL), TLF, Logistik- och transportstiftelsen LTS

Users: a-PAK, Road Cargo Sweden, Tjörns Bilservice AB, Greenery Zuid Europa, Gecoinsa, Movelco Mobility, LTS, CABLERIAS Group, ECUS

Technological companies: XEROX, Go Swift, R-IPS, Portbase, Consenso, Kaleido Ideas & Logistics, Little Electric Car España, Exla Plásticos, Mymo Addons, Cargospace 24

Public Authorities: US/DOT, French Ministry of Transport, German Ministry of Transport, Italian Ministry of Transport, Romanian Border Police, Romanian Naval Authority (RNA), Business Region Göteborg, Hessen Traffic Management, City of Hamburg, Port of Gothenburg, Port of Vienna, Swedish Maritime Administration, Trieste Marine Terminal, Transporte Augusto, Swedish Customs, Swedish Transport Administration, VINNOVA

Research Centres and test facilities: Transport planning and research Institute (MOT) China, VIGOTEC A

sso

cia

ted

pa

rtn

ers

*Swedish

DREAMITDigitalREal-timeAccessManagementinIntermodalTransportationCollectionandprocessingofdata…

…inreal-timetoenablebetterdecisionmakingandtherebyamoresustainabletransportationsystem

Managementoftheprocesswhereactorsaregivenaccesstoresourcestoperformactivities

Example:Collectacontainerinport.Itwillbemadeavailableattherighttime,totherighthaulier,intherightconditionetc.

Intermodaltransportationsystemsareparticularlyexposedtotheeffektsofpoorlycoordinatedactors,resourcesandactivitiesinlinksandnodes.

Acostintensivebusinessasthis,withlowoperatingmarginsandlargeinvestmentlevels,needto-tobeabletocompetelong-term-exploitmoderntechnologyasmuchaspossible.

DREAMITDigitalREal-timeAccessManagementinIntermodalTransportation

Dr Per Olof Arnäs Associate professor Gunnar Stefansson

MSc Stefan Jacobsson Doctoral student

FundedbyVINNOVA2017-2020

PartnersDREAMIT

Tjörns bilservice

The future of freight transportation is digital

Are we?

Some observations regarding the

digital future of freight transportation

Per Olof Arnäs, PhD

Chalmers University of Technology Service Management and Logistics

per-olof.arnas@chalmers.se about.me/perolofarnas

Slides: slideshare.net/poar @Dr_PO

OKIMG_5751 by taymtaym on Flickr (CC-BY)

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