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Human Needs and Motivation
Team Sparkle
Team Sparkle
Our Team Members Name : Mahfuzur Rahman (Group Leader)
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Name : Mehnaz Amir
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Name : Tawfiqul Haque Mithun
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Name : Ishtak Jahan Ajanta
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Name : Sajadul Mahin
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Need-Want-Demand
Need
Need is a necessity, the feeling of deprivation or absence of something.
WantWant is a feeling of desire for something that is not essential, the symbolic
representation of need.
DemandDemand is the
requirement of something in the market. It comes
when you have ability to buy the product.
Examples
Motive and Motivation
Motive
A motive is an inner state that energizes, activates
and directs behavior towards goals.
Motivation
Motivation is the word derived from the word ’motive’ which means
needs, desires, wants or drives within the
individuals. It is the process of stimulating people to
actions to accomplish the goals.
Motivation Process
Need Drive Behavior(Action)
Goal Attainme
ntSatisfactio
n
Reinforcement
Need Drive Behavior(Action)
Goal Attainme
ntSatisfactio
n
Content Theory and Process Theory
Content Theory Content theories focus on
the factors within a person that motives
people.
Process TheoryProcess theories provide
a description and analysis of peoples are
motivated.
Various types of Content Theories
Machiavellianism – Niccolo Machiavelli
Hedonism
Scientific Management Theory – F.W. Taylor
Maslow – Five-level need hierarchy
Alderfer – Three-level hierarchy (ERG)
Herzberg – Two major factors (hygienes and motivators)
McClelland – Three learned needs acquired from the culture
Machiavellianism
Machiavellianism is a personality trait that is characterized with the use of manipulation to achieve power.
High Mach
Manipulative
Not Easily Persuaded
Low Mach
Submissive
Easily Persuaded
Hedonism
Folk Value Motivational Normative Egonism
Motivational Hedonism
People seek pleasure and comfort and try to avoid pain
and discomfort.
Scientific Management Theory
Scientific management is a theory of management that analyzes and
synthesizes workflows. Its main objective is improving economic efficiency, especially labor productivity.
Employees are economically motivated and they work to earn as
much as they can. People general purpose machine. The more the pay the more the outcome.
Maslow
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology proposed by
Abraham Maslow in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation"
in Psychological Review.
ERG Motivation Theory Alderfer
Clayton P. Alderfer's ERG theory from 1969 condenses Maslow's five human needs into three categories: Existence, Relatedness and Growth.
Existence needsThese include need for basic material necessities. In short, it includes an
individual’s physiological and physical safety needs.
Relatedness needsThese include the aspiration individual’s have for maintaining significant
interpersonal relationships , getting public fame and recognition. Maslow’s social needs and external component of esteem needs fall under this class of need.
Growth needsThese include need for self-development and personal growth and advancement. Maslow’s self-actualization needs and intrinsic component of esteem needs fall
under this category of need.
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
The two-factor theory (also known as Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory) states that there are certain factors in the workplace that cause job satisfaction.
Herzberg's findings revealed that certain characteristics of a job are consistently related to job satisfaction, while different factors are associated with job dissatisfaction. These are:
McClelland Theory
In his 1961 book 'The Achieving Society', David McClelland expounds on his acquired-needs theory. He proposed that an individual's specific needs are acquired over time and are shaped by one's life experiences.
Achievement Has a strong need to set and accomplish challenging goals. Takes calculated risks to accomplish their goals. Likes to receive regular feedback on their progress and achievements. Often likes to work alone.Affiliation Wants to belong to the group. Wants to be liked, and will often go along with whatever the rest of the group
wants to do. Favors collaboration over competition. Doesn't like high risk or uncertainty.
McClelland Theory
Power Wants to control and influence others. Likes to win arguments. Enjoys competition and winning. Enjoys status and recognition
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