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Development of a Viable Urban Water Based Public Transport System for
Guwahati.
Measures to Introduce a Fast, Safe, Economical and Modern River based Public and Goods Transport System for the Brahmaputra and its Tributaries
in Assam, India.Starting with Guwahati the Capital of Assam.
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The Brahmaputra’s, total length is 2900 km from its origin in Himalayas to the mouth at Bay of Bengal.
About 640 km of its length passes through Assam. The maximum width of the river is 8 km, and is 1.8km at
the narrowest section at the bridge of Saraighat, Guwahati.
The river is navigable throughout its length in Assam. Is a braided river, highly susceptible to sedimentation,
channel migration and avulsion. Fast river currents hamper navigation during summer. Shallow waters and hidden sandbars also cause problems.
Brahmaputra River
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State Inland Water Transport Dept., Assam, has only 66 water operating ferries plying on the river.
Most of the fleet is either aging or of outdated design. Slow, Inefficient and Uneconomically to operate. Large intervals in-between Ferry service timings. The Dept., incurred an expenditure of over Rs 3.46 crore from
2008-09 till Feb 2013 against income of about Rs 1.32 crore#. Commuters are forced to travel on Wooden Country Boats. Over 6000 Country Boats (Bhatbhatis) plying on the river in
Assam.# ( source UNI)
Current State of Riverine Transport
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Country Ferry Boats* Wooden construction, shallow -bottom long boats.* Average speeds of 2-5 knots#.* Leaky and polluting.* Under-powered in terms of displacement and engine capacity.* Prime movers are agricultural or automotive diesel engines.* Often overloaded several times their capacity.* No effective regulation for monitoring safety or overloading.* On 30 April 2012, a country ferry boat carrying about 350
passengers capsized in the Dhubri district leaving 103 dead.# 1 Knot = 1 nautical mile per hour: 1.85 km/h
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Country Ferry Boat Crossings
"Everything points to poor training, dangerous working practices, inadequate regulation and near non-existent enforcement as being the root causes for this and similar losses of life,”
- Nick Bramley Chair of the Inland Navigation
Section International Transport Workers Federation (on the
Dhubri incident)
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River crossing Ferry routes from Guwahati are to Rajaduwar, Majgaon, Madhyamkhanda and Kuruwa Ghats in North Guwahati.
Private Country Boats also ply between Guwahati and Sualkuchi town.
Guwahati Ferry Routes
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Faster River crossings help save overland travel time. Decreases load on roadways and eases traffic congestion. Opens up new areas for economic development. Provide quick “point to point” transport at set speeds. Not subjected to traffic jams or gridlocks. Transport cargos more economically than by overland means. Accessibility to the city center from riverside areas or across the
river. For e.g., a person from Noonmati spends over an hour on public
transport to reach Fancy-bazar, the same can be done in 15 min downstream and 25 min upstream on a fast modern vessel.
Advantages of Waterways
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Modernize and expand the govt., fleet with fast & economical crafts. Find a viable alternative to country boats in terms of safety &
economy. Identify new viable routes, both cross-river and same bank. Develop river ports & on-shore facilities with commercial firms. Initiate a Public-Private Partnership in this sector. Compulsory Training program for all River Pilots and crew. Strictly regulate the river traffic and clamp down on overloading. Creation of a law enforcement section. Electronic monitoring to prevent overloading .
Steps to Revive River Transport
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Generic steel flat-bottom or multihull river ferries. Large capacity high-speed Catamarans. Small to Medium capacity FRP/Composite
Catamarans. Motorized Pontoon / Catamaran floating platforms. Monohull FRP/Composite Boats. Upgrade traditional Wooden Boats with proper
engines, safety features and fixed seating capacity.
Options for Fleet Replacement
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Are either flat-bottomed or twin hulled. Can be passenger , LMV carrying or combined. Stable and with large passenger capacity. Require medium to high power engines. Slow, inefficient and uneconomical running. Very poor maneuverability. Prone to rusting. Medium priced. High operating cost. Most common type of Ferry.
Generic Steel Ferry
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Medium to high speed 25-30 knots. Large Passenger carrying capacity. Very stable and comfortable. Shallow water operation. High horsepower twin engines. Made from Steel, Aluminum or Composites. Designed for longer journeys. High fuel consumption. Expensive in capital cost. Expensive to operate.
Large High-Speed Catamaran Ferry
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Medium to high speed of 20-25 knots. 50-150 passengers capacity. Shallow draft operation. Stability and maneuverability. FRP/Composite , Glass and wood construction. Lightweight structure. Requires twin 100hp/200hp inboard motors. Fraction of the price of large Catamaran Ferries. Low operating cost. Multi-section watertight compartments in Hulls.
Small Catamaran Ferry
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Catamaran / Pontoon hull motorized vessels. Very light weight due to FRP / Aluminum and S.S., construction. Cruising speeds up-to 10 knots. Two 20Hp OBMs or Inboard engines, either petrol or diesel. Can be used as a passenger or LMV ferry. Can be fitted with various seating arrangements, carry up-to
50PAX. Multi-section watertight compartments in Hulls. Can also be used for light cargo. Shallow water operation. Very low operating cost.
Catamaran / Pontoon Vessels
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Are quite similar in design to wooden country boats. Were common in Kerala, now being replaced by
Catamarans. Usually from FRP or FRP/wood combination construction. Low to medium speeds up-to 10 knots. Fitted with single 100-200hp diesel engines. Have stability issues in high currents. Low to medium priced. Carry up-to 100 passengers. Low operating cost. Poor maneuverability.
Monohull FRP Boats
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Type Price PAX Engine HP
Economy
Stability
Speed
Steel Ferry Med 150+ 500+ Low Medium Low
Large CAT High 150-300
500-1000 Low High High
Med CAT Med 50-150 100-200 High High Med
CAT Pontoon Low 6
cars 100-200 High High Med
FRP Monohull Low 50-
100 100+ Med. Low Low
Comparison of Vessels
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Large PAX capacity vessels are economical only in case of full load . Large PAX capacity vessels require high power engines. Have full PAX capacity only during peak timings or season. Require more time to de-accelerate for docking purpose. Are much less maneuverable, hence require more docking time. Are more suitable for larger distances. Require a bigger crew.
_______________________ Medium capacity vessels need much lower powered engines. Medium capacity vessels require a fraction of fuel of larger vessels. Have higher maneuverability and require less docking time. Require less turn-around time. Require less crew members.
Large vs Medium Cap. Vessels
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Water-Bus service connecting the south bank Palasbari-Chandrapur.
High speed “Point to Point” routes like City - Airport. Short distance Tourist routes like City - Pobitora sanctuary. Long distant Tourist cruises to Manas or Kaziranga. Intra-City ferry by reviving the Bharalu & Mora Bharalu
waterways. The Bharalu provide 6.5 km of navigable waterways within
the city. The Barsola Beel-Mora Bharalu provides a direct link from near
the Rail-station to the ISBT.
Possible New Routes
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Water Bus Service along the south bank from Palasbari to Chandrapur.
River Side Routes
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Airport Route to beat the regular traffic congestion.
Point to Point Routes
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Weekend or Charter Tours from Guwahati To Pobitora.
Tourist Cruises
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Intra City Routes The Bharalu & Mora Bharalu provide 15km of internal
navigable waterways.
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The Public-Private-Partnership is the best method for reviving Inland water passenger transport in Assam.
The government can build shore-side facilities and lease them out to private parties.
It could source modern replacements for the country boats and provide them to the private operators at subsidized rates or with leasing schemes.
Financially sound investors should be encouraged to investing and operate larger and more efficient vessels.
For the safety of operations, the Dept., should undertake all enforcing and regulating duties on to itself.
Operational Modes
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Paid Car Parking facilities in winter months on sandbars.
On-shore facilities like shops and markets at Ferry Ghats.
Auctioning of seasonal restaurant shacks on sandbars.
Advertising on Boats. Arrangements with Tourism dept., ASTC and private
operators.
Additional Revenue Sources
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A collaboration of : RADE INITIATIVE
Design Off: 610 Shiv Towers, Patto Plaza, Panaji, Goa -403001, India
Contact Person: : Ravi DekaM: +91-9953007470
Multi Tech Marine Regd Off: H.No. 286 Aaradi Shir, Parra, Nr. St. Annan’s Ch, Bardez, Goa - 403510, India
Boat Yard / Factory: B-16, MIDC Kudal, Dist. Sindhudurg, Maharashtra - 416 520, India
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