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Aida Vargas
Danilo Trinidad Pérez Rivera
Anthony Maldonado Colón
Hernán Méndezhttp://corvusart.com/
RISE ProgramDepartment of BiologyProf. Eneida Díaz PérezProf. Michael Rubin
Present the bacteriophages of interest.
Establish adequate hunting strategies.
Explain the processes carried out for preparing the phages after localization.
Demonstrate growth acquired from the project so far.
Bacteriophages, informally known as “phages”, are viruses capable of infecting a bacteriumand replicating inside of it.
These are typically composed of proteins whichencapsulate their DNA or RNA genome.
www.theepochtimes.comwww.shapeways.com
Due to their specific nature, many phages can shed light not only on viruses, but also on theirhost.
Moreover, identification of “wild species” can reveal how the given type of phage is“evolving”.
Understanding these two things istranscendental to medical applications.
http://www.genomeindia.org/mycobacterium/http://www.fallingpixel.com/bacillus-bacteria-3d-model/142
M. smegmatis B. brevis
Questions Can new phages be found in the environment in
Puerto Rico?
What environments should be inspected to obtain a phage?
Hypotheses New phages are widespread throught most
ecosystems, therefore, there should be phages in Puerto Rico.
The probability of finding a phage in a givenenvironment depends on if it is adecuate for thephages host.
Sample Coordinates Description Place Date
AMC -#1
18.2° 12’ 40’’ N;66.1° W
Slightly moist26°C; 2cm
Caguas, PR February 2, 2014
AMC -#2
18.2°12’ 67’’ N;66.0° 0’ 41.46’’ W
Low moisture26°C; 1cm
Caguas, PR February 17, 2014
AMC -#3
18.2° 12’ 9’’ N;66° 1’ 11.9’’ W
Moderate moisture26°C; 3cm
Caguas, PR February 23, 2014
AMC -#4
18.2° 12’ 1.35’’ N; 66° 2’ 13.7’’ W
Wet 26°C; 3cm
Caguas, PR March 2, 2014
AMC -#5
18.2° 12’ 58’’ N; 66°1’ 9.8’’ W
Very moist 26°C; 3 cm
Caguas, PR March 9, 2014
Sample Coordinates Description Location Date
AMC -6#
18° 7' 2.553" N;66° 6' 58.72" W
Moist24°C; 1cm
Cayey, PR February 4, 2014
AMC -#7
18° 7' 7.172" N;66° 6' 58.33" W
Dry26°C, 2cm
Cayey, PR February 18, 2014
AMC -#8
18° 7' 6.686" N;66° 9' 46.61" W
Moist26°C, 1cm
Cayey, PR February 24, 2014
AMC -#9
18° 7’ 8” N; 66° 9’ 45” W
Moist27.2°C
Cayey, PR March 6, 2014
Yalina
Sample CoordinatesEnvironmental description Location Date
DTP - #118° 04’46.08”N; 66° 21’47.29”W
Dry; Superficial (1 cm); 20.6°C Coamo, PR
Feb/06/145:45 AM
DTP - #218° 02’11.57”N; 66° 22’22.25”W
Moist; Superficial (1 cm); 21.7°C
Los Baños de Coamo
Feb/19/146:36 AM
DTP - #318° 07’12.19”N; 66° 09’26.60”W
Mud-like; Superficial (3 cm); 21.7°C Cayey, PR
Mar/06/149:52 AM
Sample Coordinates Description Location Date
DTP - #418° 07’12.75”N; 66° 09’26.89”W
Moist soil; Superficial (1 cm); 17.8°C Cayey, PR
Mar/18/149:13 AM
DTP - #518° 07'5.430" N;66° 09'42.58" W
Moist soil; Superficial (1 cm); 17.8°C Cayey, PR
Mar/18/149:24 AM
DTP - #618° 07’12.19”N; 66° 09’26.60”W
Mud-like consistency; Superficial (3 cm); 18.3°C Cayey, PR
Mar/18/149:43 AM
Sample Coordinates Description Location Date:Time
AV - #1 18°4’27” N; 66.11’56” W
Moist; Superficial sample (1cm); 24°C
Cayey, PR
Feb/2/143:56PM
AV - #2 18°28’4” N; 66°19’52” W
Very moist, sample of dirt underneath clover leaves (1cm); 30°C
Dorado, PR
Mar/2/143:05 PM
AV - #3 18°7’30” N; 66°15’48” W
Normal moisture (underneath grass), 1cm;23°C
Aibonito, PR
Mar/9/1411:07 AM
AV - #4 18°7’14”N;66°16’22”W
Dry (underneath dried leaves; chicken nesting area), 1cm; 23°C
Aibonito, PR
Mar/9/1411:36 AM
Sample Coordinates Description Location Date:Time
AV - #5 18°4’19”N;66°12’20”W
Some moisture, 1cm; 27°C
Cayey, PR Mar/16/144:19PM
AV - #6 18°4’29”N;66°11’56”W
Moist (underneath grass and dried feces), (1cm) 27°C
Cayey, PR Mar/16/144:45PM
AV - #7 18° 4’31”N;66°11’51”W
Wet (mud) Superficial (1cm); 27°C
Cayey, PR Mar/16/146:24PM
Understanding and characterizingbacteriophages provides plenty of usefulinformation.
Puerto Rico has an ample amount of uncharacterized phages in its soil.
One should search for phages where their host could possibly found.
Dilute obtained and purified filtrate to be able to obtain a web-pattern and high-titer phage filtrate.
Characterize the capsid of the obtained phages through proteomics.
Describe the structure of these phages utilizing Electron Microscopy.
Sequence and annotate the genetic material of these phages.
Losing is winning.
Practice makes perfect.
Friends make it a lot easier.
Patience is a virtue.
Quitters never win.
The RISE program for opening the door for us to such a great opportunity.
Dr. Rubin for volunteering to give us such a full and enriched experience.
Nicolle Rosa for her help as our assigned TA.
Gustavo and Giovanny for always being there to help.
The cafeteria for the free “sample collectors”.
Our moms for the Ziplock bags.
Aida Vargas
Danilo Trinidad Pérez Rivera
TA: Nicolle Rosa
Dr. Michel Rubinhttp://corvusart.com/