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This paper presents the GLOBAL 2000 adaptive sustainability assessment approach, with which the environmental performance of agricultural products is measured. The aim of the approach is to arrive at a comprehensive understanding of the environmental impacts of an agricultural products and the connected life cycle. Furthermore, it strives to set incentives for farmers to adopt a more sustainable production mode and to help consumers make deliberative consumption choices, by informing them about the environmental impacts of products along the life cycle.
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9/1/2013 1
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Life cycle based assessment for agricultural products
An Austrian best practice
Martin Wildenberg, Tanja Altaparmakova, Kewin Comploi, Dominik Frieling, Anna Geiger
9/1/2013 2
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
Structure of the talkIntroduction & BackgroundThe GLOBAL 2000 Approach- The Process- Infrastructure- ResultsSuccess factors & lessons learned
9/1/2013 3
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
Austrian Environmental NGO (www.global2000.at)
Part of the Friends of the Earth Network
• Political campaigns and activism
• Education and Awareness
• Solution oriented cooperations
9/1/2013 4
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
Measuring impacts: Inputs and outputs of society:
OutputsSocietySocial
MetabolismInputs
9/1/2013 5
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
We suggested a label that:
- Focuses on conventional food & farming
- Focuses on whole production chain
- Can make the environmental impact of a product visible
- Can make the resource rucksacks of a product visible
- Rests on measurable indicators -> you can only manage what you know
- Induces a process with the participants to increase the sustainability of their products step by step
- Creates a Win – Win situation for producers – retailer – customer and environment
9/1/2013 6
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
The GLOBAL 2000 adaptive labeling approach for sustainable agricultural products
Aim: • set incentives for farmers, distributors and retailers to adopt a
more sustainable production mode • inform consumers about environmental impacts of their
choices.
9/1/2013 7
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Use case: Pro Planet – Austria fruit vegetable and eggs
The Label:
In Germany & Austria- Identify & resolve social and ecological hot-spots
in the production chain
In Austria:
For fruits, vegetables and eggs:
Cooperation between Caritas, REWE International AG & GLOBAL 2000
9/1/2013 8
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
The building blocks of the programG
ood
Agr
icul
tura
l P
ract
ice
Glo
bal G
ap
Soc
ial P
ract
ice
GR
AS
P &
SA
800
0C
arita
s
Co
nsu
me
r S
afe
tyP
estic
ide
Mon
itorin
g P
RP
Ecological SustainabilityIndicator setRules and regulationsStakeholder process
9/1/2013 9
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
The focus of our indicator system
Ressource use
Impacts on environment
9/1/2013 10
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Farm based indicatorsN-balance P-balanceHumus-balancePesticide use Energy intensity
Calculated by INL using the model REPRO (Hülsbergen et al 2003)
9/1/2013 11
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Per service unit indicators (MIPS):Carbon-footprint Biotic Material InputA-biotic Material InputWater inputArea used
Field to shelf(Schmidt-Bleek 1998, Ritthof 2002, GHG Protocol)
9/1/2013 12
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Field records (machine use etc.)Pesticide useYieldsIn case of fruit rotation the
data should cover at least three years
Data on other inputs (energy & materials) collection via standardized form
Calculated by using factors from the EcoInvent Database
Data needed:
9/1/2013 14
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
For a product-group zero-tolerance thresholds were defined. If crossed the product cannot be labeled.
9/1/2013 15
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Benchmarking Water:Increasing product water efficiency in Spain or how to set incentives to use more and more water…
9/1/2013 16
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Benchmarking Water:Include water availability in watershed based on :
more absolute water use in the Watershed = lower benchmark
9/1/2013 17
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
The Soft side of Labeling:
InvolvementKnowledge exchangeEducation
= Participation & Change
9/1/2013 18
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Stakeholder Process
BenchmarkingRegulations
Hotspots
Participants:• Producer• Distributor• Producer-organization• Quality Management• Experts• GLOBAL 2000• Caritas
9/1/2013 19
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Different communication to:
- Producer- Retailer- Consumer
9/1/2013 20
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Results
After starting with the labeling of Austrian open-land strawberries in June 2010…
• Over 550 farms & suppliers have submitted data in 2013• 30 product groups have been screened from which • 25 products labeled. • 50+ stakeholder workshops have been conducted
9/1/2013 21
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
biotischer in
put kg /
kg
abiotisch
input k
g / kg
Fläc
he m² /
kg
Wass
er m³ /
kg
CO2e eq. Kg /
kg0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Tomato Greenhouse AUT (Gas-heating)Tomato Greenhouse AUT (comunity heating)Cocktail Tomato ESP (tunnel)Tomato ESP (tunnel)Tomato AUT (tunnel)
Comparing production systems
9/1/2013 22
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
CO2 eq. per kg sweet maize and level od origin. In average soil carbon losscontributes to 16% of total CO2 emissions from field to shelf.
Identifying Hotspots
9/1/2013 23
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Paprik
a FT
Tom
atoe
s (p
. t.)
Rad
ish
Lettu
ceC
hine
se C
abba
ge
Cab
bage
Iceb
erg
Lettu
ceStra
wbe
rryH
orse
radi
sh
Potat
oeG
rape
s IT
A
Oni
on
Apple
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1 2 2
45 5 5 5
7
9
15 15
16
Pesticide use index
Pro-Planet product
Comparing products:
9/1/2013 24
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Comparing producers:
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
Pflanzenschutz-Index
Häufigkeit und Menge von Pestizid-Anwendungen 2011
Pflanzenschutzindex Pro Planet-ÄpfelIhr Betrieb (Mittelw ert aller Schläge)OptimumgrenzeToleranzgrenze
Pfla
nze
ns
ch
utz
-In
de
x
Variation in Pesticide Index in 138 apple producers
9/1/2013 25
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Changes achieved:- In crop rotation patterns- Feed composition (eggs)- Packaging- Transport packaging- New product line for “ugly” vegetables- Pesticide use
9/1/2013 26
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Lessons Learned
9/1/2013 27
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Ten Success factors1. Largely relying on data that is available and recorded anyway
2. Indicators point at hotspots
3. Indicators cover resource use, direct impacts on environment & health
4. Improvements can be quantified & communicated in understandable units
5. Indicators are relevant for producers to improve efficiency
6. Life cycle approach – transparency and responsibility over production chain
7. Third party assessments
8. Stakeholder involvement
9. Cooperation with important stakeholders: supermarket-chain, GlobalG.A.P. and farm management software
10. Constant evaluation, adaptation and further development
9/1/2013 28
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Obstacles and ProblemsSome important topics currently still too complicated to be
considered via indicators e.g. biodiversity, erosion.
Our current model for agricultural indicators restricted to central European soils and climate
The set of indicators is considered too complicated to communicate
Many sustainability problems are systemic. The cause are in the way food is commercialized.
9/1/2013 29
Sustainability
Assessment , Solutions and Applied Research
27/08/2013 LCM 2013 Göteburg [email protected]
Thank You!
Contact:Dr Martin Wildenberg
T: +43-699-14200046