KONG MIAO -Temple of Confucius
CONFUCIUS
KONG MIAO Temple of CONFUCIUS QUFU-JINING-SHANGDONG-CHINAKHNG
MIUKHC PH - T NINH - SN NG -TRUNG QUC
QUFU - KHC PH
Thnh ph KHC PH Qu hng ca KHNG T
KHNG MIU KONG MIAO - TEMPLE OF CONFUCIUS
KHNG MIUKhng Miunm trong khun vinhnh ch nht, chiu di Nam Bc
1300m, tng din tch 133.000m. Ton b c 9 dy kin trc lin k vi sn vn,
xp hng dc trn mt trc chnh Nam Bc, hai bn trc i xng nhau, mt chnh
camiul hng Nam.Ta ca th nht ca Khng Miu l Linh Tinh Mn cao 10,3m
rng 13m c xy dng thiMinh Vnh Lc. Ca ny xy cng sao Thin in trn tri,
u ny th hin vic cc Hong thi xa cng t Khng T nh cng t tri, tn thnh
nh tn thin. Hai bn ca Linh Tinh t hai tm bia ln hng ch "quan vin hy
xung nga". Pha sau ca th 5 ca Khng Miu l mt ta lu cao lm bng g gi
lKhu Vn Cc, xy dng thiTng Thin H(Khu l sao Khu ch qun s hng vong ca
vn chng dn gian). Khu Vn Cc cao 23,35m rng 30m, ba tng mi cong.Kin
trc ch th ca Khng Miu l i Thnh in, ni cc Hong n th cng Khng T. i
Thnh in xy t thinh Tngnhng n thi Ung Chnh mi c trng tu thnh quy m
ln.
I THNH IN
KHU VN CC
Khng Phu T, minh ho trong cunThn thoi v Truyn thuyt Trung
Hoa,1922, ca E.T.C. Werner
C KHNG PHU T - CONFUCIUSKhng T(ch Hn: ; cn gi lKhng Phu T;27
thng 8 m,551479TCN) l mt nh t tng,nh trit hcx hi ni ting ngiTrung
Hoa, cc bi ging vtrit lca ng c nh hng rng ln i vi i sng v t tng ca
cc nn vn hang .Trit hc ca ng nhn mnh trn c nhn v cai tr bngo c, s
chnh xc ca nhng miquan h x hi, scng bngv s trung thc. Cc gi tr c c
tm nh hng ln trn mi hc thuyt khc Trung Quc nhPhp giahayo giatrong
sut triu inh Hn. Cc t tng ca Khng T c pht trin thnh mt h thng trit
hc c gi lKhng gio. Khng gio c mt ngi Italia lMatteo Riccia vo Chu
u, ng cng l ngi u tinLa tinh hotn Khng T thnh "Confucius". T tng ca
ng cn c xem l mttn gioln ca loi ngi, nht l dn tcTrung Hoa.Cc bi
ging ca Khng T c nghin cu ch yu qua cunLun Ng, mt tp hp nhng "mu
chuyn cch ngn ngn", c bin son nhiu nm sau khi ng qua i. Trong gn
2.000 nm ng c cho l ngi bin son hoc tc gi caNg Kinh, chng hn nhKinh
L(son gi), vBin nin s Xun Thu(tc gi).
TIU S C KHNG PHU TTam thp nhi lp; ()T thp nhi bt hoc; ()Ng thp
nhi tri thin mnh; ()Lc thp nhi nh thun; ()Tht thp nhi tng tm dc bt
du c.()(Lun Ng)Khng T tn l Khu, t l Trng Ni , sinh ngy27 thng
8nm551 trc Cng nguyn, vo thiXun Thutronglch s Trung Quc, ti p Tru,
lng Xng Bnh,nc L(nay l huyn Khc Ph, tnhSn ng,Trung Quc). Nhiu s sch
ghi rng ng sinh trong mt gia cnh ngho, nhng thc t gia nh ng c ng t
ba i vn thuc dng qu tc sa st tnc Tngdi n nc L. Cha caKhng Khu, Thc
Lng Ngt (chu 13 i ca Vi T Din, anh cavua Trnh Thng) l quan v thuc p
Tru, n 70 tui mi ly Nhan th m sinh ra ng. Nm ln ba, Khu m ci cha,
ln ln, phi lm lng vt v nui m, nhng rt ham hc. Nm 19 tui, ng ly v v
lm mt chc quan nh coi kho. Nm 22 tui, ng m lp dy hc. Hc tr gi ng l
Khng Phu T, hay gi gn hn lKhng T. 'T' ngoi ngha l 'con' ra cn c
ngha l "Thy". Do vyKhng T l Thy Khng.Trong sut gn 20 nm, t nm 34
tui, Khng T dn hc tr i khp cc nc trong vng truyn b cc t tng v tm
ngi dng cc t tng . C ni ng c trng dng nhng cng c ni ng b coi thng.
Nm 51 tui, ng quay li nc L v c giao coi thnh Trung , nm sau c thng
chc i t khu (coi vic hnh php), kim quynt tng. Sau ba thng, nc L tr
nn thnh tr. Nhng ri b ly gin, gim pha, ng bn t chc v li ra i mt ln
na.Nm 68 tui, Khng T tr v nc L, tip tc dy hc v bt tay vo son sch.
Trong nhng nm cui cng ny ng son ra bLun Ng. ng mt thng 4 nm479 TCN,
th 73 tui.
Tn giKhi dch sch Trung Quc sang cc ngn ng phng Ty, ccthy tu dng
Tn dch thnhConfucius. Cch Latinh ha tn Khng T ny t c s dng rng ri
cc nc phng Ty.Theo Latinh ho:Kng Fz (hay Kng f z) trongbnh m.K'ung
fu-tzetrongWade-Giles(hay, km chnh xc hn, Kung fu-tze).Fz (Phu T) c
ngha l nh gio. Bi v theo vn ha Trung Quc vic gi thy bng tn l bt
knh, ng ch c gi l "Thy Khng",cho ti tn ngy nay.T 'fu' (Phu) khng bt
buc, v th ng cng thng c gi lKhng T.Tn tht ca ng l , Khng Khu.Khngl
mthph bin Trung Quc.Tn hiuca ng l ,Trng Ni.Nm th1sau Cng Nguyn (nm
u thiNguyn ThuNh Hn), ng c traothy hiuu tin: , Bao Thnh Tuyn Ni
Cng, c ngha "Ngi Ni (Khng T) Cng c ng Ca Ngi."Cc thy hiu ni ting
nht ca ng l, Ch Thnh Tin S, ngha "Bc Thy i Trc t Ti Bc Thnh" (t
nmGia Tnhth 9,Nh Minh(nm1530));,Ch Thnh, "Bc Thnh";, Tin S, "Bc Thy
u Tin".Tii Loan, ng cng thng c gi l , Vn Th S Biu, "Bc Thy Ca Mun
i".
Tranh v tng KHNG T c khp ni trn t nc Trung Quc v mt s nc khc
http://my.opera.com/vinhbinhprohttp://my.opera.com/bachkienhttp://chieuquetoi.blogspot.comHnh
nh : INTERNETwww.picasaweb.google.comv cc website khcCm n cc tc gi
c tc phm gp vo tp pps ny.Cc tc phm ca Qu v gip cho i thm p.Bin tp
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KONG MIAO Temple of CONFUCIUS QUFU-JINING-SHANGDONG-CHINA KHNG
MIU KHC PH - T NINH - SN NG -TRUNG QUC
