Emergency 2.0:

From Standards to

Social Networking

Joint ISCRAM-CHINA and GI4DM Conference on

Information Systems for Crisis Management

4-6 August 2008, Harbin, China

Renato IannellaPrincipal Scientist

<renato@nicta.com.au>

Online Forums Supporting Grassroots Participation In Emergency Preparedness And ResponseLeysia Palen, Starr Roxanne Hiltz, And Sophia B. Liu - Communications of the ACM - March 2007

“Contrary to what is often portrayed, local citizens are the true first responders in emergency situations”

Get them involved in EM processes...

Why Standards?

EOC CIMS Software

Interoperability

Interoperability for Everyone...

Sri Lanka - Tsunami 2004 - Survivors temporarily lodging in Camps

How Much Interoperability?

CIMS Functions

OperationalMethodologyManagement

Lack of Standards?

Information Standards

• OASIS Emergency Management Technical Committee

• Common Alert Protocol (CAP)

• Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL) family

• EDXL Distribution Element (EDXL-DE)

• EDXL Resource Messaging (EDXL-RM)

• EDXL Hospital AVailability Exchange (EDXL-HAVE)

• Tactical Situation Object (TSO)

• Incident, Resources, Impact, Mission

CAP Warnings

CAP

Resource Management

EDLX-RM Messages

Ordering

Deployment

Discovery

Resource

Consumer

Resource

Supplier

Request Resource

Response Request Resource

Requistion Resource

Commit Resource

Resource

Consumer

Resource

Supplier

Request Information

Response to Request Information

Request Quote

Offer Unsolicited Resources

Response Request Quote

Resource

Consumer

Resource

Supplier

Request Return

Response Request Return

Request Deployment Status

Request Extended Duration

Response Deployment Status

Response Extended Duration

Release Resource

Cyclone Larry 2006

• Resource Management

• Email/Office tools

• Coordination

• Emergency Services Qld

• Other Agencies (eg Public Works)

• Business (eg Telstra)

• Humanitarian (eg Red Cross)

RM - Email

Scenario

NGO

Stakeholder

Agency

Agency

DDCC

SDCC

LDCC LDCC

Agency Stakeholder

REQUEST

7 Generators

1,000 Meals REQUEST

9 Generators

2,000 Meals

REQUISTION

5 "Power

Supplies"

COMMIT

5 "Power

Supplies"

REQUISTION

11 Generators

COMMIT

11 Generators

REQUEST

3,000 Meals

RESPONSE

3,000 Meals

COMMIT

7 Generators

1,000 Meals

COMMIT

9 Generators

2,000 Meals

REQUEST

STATUS

9 Generators

RESPONSE

STATUS

9 Generators

10

51

REQUISTION

3,000 Meals

OFFER

5 "Power

Supplies"

COMMIT

3,000 Meals

Generators

REQUEST

EXTENDED

6 Generators

RESPONSE

EXTENDED

6 Generators

REPORT

DEPLOYMENT

6 Generators

LDCC

RM - Standardised

CAIRNS Demo

Whose Ontology?

EM Ontologies

Situational Reports

Situational Reports - Integration

SitRep Google Mapper

Early Warnings

Townsville - Cyclone Exercises 2007 - Mapping Cyclone Impact

Tsunami Warnings

Tsunami & Cyclone Warning Markup

LanguageTWML & CWML

Situational Awareness - Cyclone Tracker

Impact: 25Jul 04:30

S

TC Metermaid - 24 Jul 2007 13:30

Category: 3 Pressure: 960hpaMax Wind: 220kmh

20kmh SW

Very Destructive Winds:75Km

Destructive Winds:150Km

Show me the Map

GeoCommons

GoogleEarth

W3C EIIF XG

W3C EIIF XG

• Emergency Information Interoperability Framework (EIIF) Incubator Group (XG)

• Sponsors: NICTA, Google, IBM, SICS

• <http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/eiif/>

• Activities

• Current state-of-the-art of vocabularies and terminologies used in emergency mgt

• Interoperability information Framework for emergency management

• Recommendations for future activities

Use Cases

Missing PeopleWhoWhat

WhereCoordination

W3C EIIF Who What Where (W3) Model

Name

Type

NumStaff

Organisation

Location

Phone

Fax

Email

Radio

Language

Contact

Name

Type

Status

Office

Name

Role

OrgPerson

HasOffice

HasStaffHasContact

HasContact

HasLocation

hasLocation

Title

Description

Type

Dates

Status

Activity

IsResponsible

Name

Phase

Type

Emergency

LocatedAt

LocatedAt

Type

Number

People

Impact

HasBeneficiaries

HasObjectives

UseResources

Sector

Theme

Services

HasCapability

Transport

Funds

ResourcesHasObjectives

HasCapability

HasObjectives

HasPartners

Jurisdiction

Administrative

Long

Lat

Point

Street

Locaility

Region

Postcode

Country

Address

PlaceType

Code

ResponseTo

Emergency 2.0

Footscray Chlorine Fire + California Wildfires

Bringing EM & Public closer together...

Digital Sources

Communication

• EOC (Top-Down)

• Formal Systems that support Incident Management

• Public (Bottom-Up)

• Day-2-Day services and devices

• Web 2.0, Mobile, Social Networks...

China - Wenchuan Quake 2008 - Notices Seeking Missing People

Social Networks

“...the first Wikipedia page on the killings went up within an hour and a half, with an ‘I'm OK at VT’ Facebook group starting just 20 minutes later”

InSTEDD

• Lab for technologiesdesigned to improve earlydisease detection and rapid disaster response

• Drivers

• Facebook - social information

• Google Earth/Maps and MS Virtual Earth - mapping, visualization and geocoding

• Twitter Bot - SMS comms

• RSS - data over the wire

Missing Person Scenario

Renato Reported Missing

Get FB Profile Export to W3C MP Spec

into CIMS

Updates to/from FB

Renato Found

Tell Friends

Summary

• Emergency 2.0

• Compressing Time

• Social Networks - instant response

• Compressing Space

• Google Maps - show me where

• Challenges

• Trusting Public Sources

• Linking CIMS and Social Networks

• Bi-directional

• “EM Information standards 2.0”