Area per PersonNormal area per person in some common buildings - the values can be used to calculate indoor climate loads

Type of Building/Room SqM / Person Type of Building/Room SqM / Person

Apartments 25.0 Municipal Buildings 10.0Library 5.0 Museums 6.0Concert hall 0.6 Nightclubs 3.0

Banks 10.0 Nursing Home Patient Rooms 11.0Cafeterias 3.0 Offices Single office 10.0Clubhouses 3.0 Meeting room 1.5Computer Rooms 11.0 Police Stations 28.0Court Houses 10.0 Post Offices 28.0Department Stores 4.0 Precision Manufacturing 20.0Drug Store 3.0 Residential 35.0Hotels Rooms 5.0 Restaurant With service 1.5

Lobby 0.6 Without service 1.0Assembly room 1.5 Retail Stores 4.0

Hospitals General Areas 10.0 Schools Lecture rooms 0.6Patient Rooms 11.0 Class rooms 2.0

Kindergarten 1.5 Corridors 2.0Kitchens 10.0 Laboratory 3.0Libraries 6.0 Shops Detail 2.0Luncheonettes 3.0 Supermarkets 2.0Lunch Rooms 3.0 Sports Gymnasium 1.5Motels Public Spaces 7.0 Swimming pools 4.0

Guest Rooms, 10.0 Supermarkets 7.0Dormitories 14.0 Taverns 3.0

14.0 Town Halls 10.0

People and Heat GainApproximate Heat Gain from Occupants in Air Conditioned Spaces - in Watts

Sensible Heat Latent Heat Total Heat(W) (W) (W)

Theater-Matinee 59 38 97Theater-Evening 62 40 102Offices, Hotels, Apartments 63 54 117Retail & Department Stores 65 68 133Drug Store 65 82 147Bank 65 82 147Restaurant 70 91 161Factory 70 150 220Dance Hall 79 170 249Factory 97 196 293Bowling Alley 150 275 425Factory 150 275 425

Typical Application

The table below can be used to estimate the sensible and latent heat from people. The values can be used tocalculate the heat load handled by the air condition system.

Persons and Metabolic Heat GainApproximate metabolic heat gain from occupants in air conditioned spaces at different degrees of activities - in watts

Typical Application

Sens. Lat. Sens. Lat. Sens. Lat. Sens. Lat. Sens. Lat. Sens. Lat.

Seated at rest Cinema, theatre, school 100 50 50 55 45 60 40 67 33 72 28 79 21Seated, very light work Computer working 120 50 70 55 65 60 60 70 50 478 42 84 36Office work Hotel reception, 130 50 80 56 74 60 70 70 60 78 52 86 44Standing, walking slowly Laboratory work 130 50 80 56 74 60 70 70 60 78 52 86 44

The table below can be used to estimate the sensible and latent heat from people. The values can be used to calculate theheat load handled by the air condition system.

2027 26 24 22Degree of Activity

AverageMetabolic

rate -male adult

Room Dry Bulb Temperature (oC)28

Standing, walking slowly Laboratory work 130 50 80 56 74 60 70 70 60 78 52 86 44Walking, seated 150 53 97 58 92 64 86 76 74 84 66 90 60Moderate work Servant, hair dresser 160 55 105 60 100 68 92 80 80 90 70 98 62Light bench work Mechanical production 220 55 165 52 158 70 150 85 135 100 120 115 105Moderate Dancing Party 250 62 188 70 180 78 172 94 156 110 140 125 125Fast walking Mountain walking 300 80 220 88 212 96 204 110 190 130 170 145 155Heavy work Athletics 430 132 298 138 292 144 286 154 276 170 260 188 242

Met - Metabolic RateThe Met is often used as a measuring unit of human heat production

Activity W/m2 MetReclining 46 0.8Seated relaxed 58 1Standing relaxed 70 1.2Sedentary activity (office, dwelling, school, laboratory) 70 1.2Car driving 80 1.4Standing, light activity (shopping, laboratory, light industry) 93 1.6Domestic work -shaving, washing and dressing 100 1.7Standing, medium activity (shop assistant, 116 2Building industry - Brick laying (Block of 15.3 kg) 125 2.2Domestic work - raking leaves on the lawn 170 2.9Domestic work - washing by hand and ironing (120-220 W) 170 2.9pneumatic hammer 170 2.9Walking on the level, 5 km/h 200 3.4one-man power saw 200 3.4Calisthenics 261 4.5Bicycling 290 5Softball 290 5Gymnastics 319 5.5Basketball 319 5.5Sports - Ice skating, 18 km/h 360 6.2Skiing on level, good snow, 9 km/h 405 7Backpacking, Skating ice or roller, Tennis 405 7Handball, Hockey, Racquetball, Cross County Skiing, Soccer 464 8Running 12 min/mile 500 8.5Forestry - working with an axe (weight 2 kg. 33 blows/min.) 500 8.5Sports - Running in 15 km/h 550 9.5

The metabolic rate, or human heat production, is often measured in the unit "Met". Themetabolic rate of a relaxed seated person is one (1) Met, where

The mean surface area, the Du-Bois area, of the human body is approximately 1.8 m2. Thetotal metabolic heat for a mean body can be calculated by multiplying with the area. Thetotal heat from a relaxed seated person with mean surface area would be

1 Met = 58 W/m2

58 W/m2 x 1.8 m2 = 104 WMetabolic rates for some common activities:

Clo is used to measure the thermal insulation of clothes

Clo m²K/WUnderwear - pants Pantyhose 0.02 0.003

Panties 0.03 0.005Briefs 0.04 0.006Pants 1/2 long legs made of wool 0.06 0.009Pants long legs 0.1 0.016

Underwear - shirts Bra 0.01 0.002Shirt sleeveless 0.06 0.009T-shirt 0.09 0.014Shirt with long sleeves 0.12 0.019Half-slip in nylon 0.14 0.022

Clo - Clothing and Thermal Insulation

The insulation of clothes are often measured with the unit "Clo", where1 Clo = 0.155 m²K/WZero (0) Clo corresponds to a naked personOne (1) Clo corresponds to a person wearing a typical business suit

ClothingInsulation

Half-slip in nylon 0.14 0.022Short sleeve 0.09 0.029Light shirt with long sleeves 0.2 0.031Flannel shirt with long sleeves 0.3 0.047

Trousers Shorts 0.06 0.009Light trousers 0.2 0.031Normal trousers 0.25 0.039Overalls 0.28 0.043Work 0.5 0.078Fiber-pelt 1.13 0.175Thin sweater 0.2 0.031Thick sweater 0.35 0.054

Jacket Vest 0.13 0.02Light summer jacket 0.25 0.039Jacket 0.35 0.054Down jacket 0.55 0.085Parka 0.7 0.109

Sundries Socks 0.02 0.003Thin soled shoes 0.02 0.003Quilted fleece slippers 0.03 0.005Thick soled shoes 0.04 0.006Thick soled shoes 0.04 0.006Thick ankle socks 0.05 0.008

Clo m²K/W

Boots 0.05 0.008Thick long socks 0.1 0.016

Skirts, dresses Light skirt 15 cm. above knee 0.01 0.016Light skirt 15 cm. below knee 0.18 0.028Heavy skirt knee-length 0.25 0.039Light dress sleeveless 0.25 0.039Winter dress long sleeves 0.4 0.062

Sleepwear Under shorts 0.1 0.016Short gown thin strap 0.15 0.023Long gown long sleeve 0.3 0.047Hospital gown 0.31 0.048long pajamas with long sleeve 0.5 0.078Body sleep with feet 0.72 0.112

Robes Long sleeve, wrap, short 0.41 0.064Long sleeve, wrap, long 0.53 0.082

ClothingInsulation

An overall insulation or Clo value can be calculated by simply taking the Clo value for eachAn overall insulation or Clo value can be calculated by simply taking the Clo value for eachindividual garment worn by the person, adding them together. The mean surface area of thehuman body is approximately 1.7 m2.

Lights - Installed PowerInstalled light power in some common types of buildings and rooms

The table below can be used as a guide to installed light power (Watts/SqM) in some common types of buildings and rooms.Light Power Light Power

(Watts/SqM) (Watts/SqM)Apartments 25 Lunch Rooms 20Banks 35 Malls 20Bars 20 Medical Centers 20Cafeterias 20 Motels Public Areas 25Churches 20 Motels Guest Rooms 20Clubhouses 20 Municipal Buildings 35Cocktail Lounges 20 Museums 20Computer Rooms 35 Nightclubs 20Court Houses 35 Nursing Home Patient Rooms 25Dental Centers 20 Police Stations 25Dining Halls 20 Post Offices 25Drug Store 20 Precision Manufacturing 25Fire Stations 25 Residential 25Hospitals, General Areas 20 Retail Stores 45Hotels Public Spaces 25 Restaurants 25Kindergarten 20 School Classrooms 45Kitchens 25 Shops 20Jail 20 Supermarkets 20Libraries 20 Taverns 20Luncheonettes 20 Town Halls 35

Type of Building/Room Type of Building/Room

Power consumption and running time for commonly used electrical equipment

Power Energy consumption(W) (kWh)

Daily Weekly Quarter QuarterAquarium 130 12 1080 140Electric shaver 20 0.15 15 < 1Toaster 850 0.15 15 13Drill 500 10 5Freezer 85 16 1450 125Handmixer 150 0.1 7 < 1Coffee machine 800 0.2 23 18Hair dryer 600 1 13 8Refrigerator 75 9 800 60Lamp 60 5 450 27Microwave oven 1300 0.1 15 20Dish washing machine 100Iron 1000 0.5 7 7Television 100 3 270 27

Running time

The table below can be used as an indication of the running time and power consumption of somecommonly used electrical equipment.

Equipment(h)

Electrical Equipment and Power Consumption