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• In this lesson, students will identify characteristics of Greece’s geography and its impact on the development of ancient cultures.

• Students will be able to identify and/or

define the following terms and concepts:

• The Geography of Greece• Geographic Effects on Greek

cultures• Polis

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Greece is mountainous.

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Greece is a mountainous peninsulawith islands.

Its hilly terrain made farming difficult

Its location encouraged trade.

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Mountains separated Greek cities.

The ancient Greeks never developed a unified system of government.

The ancient Greeks developed the polis or city-state.

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This magnificent building is the Parthenon.The Parthenon was a temple in Athens,

a Greek polis.Athens

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Athens was an important polis in ancient Greece.

The people of Athens developed democracy.

Democracy is a system of government where citizens vote or participate in government.

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In Athenian democracy, only free men born in Athens could vote. Women, slaves, and foreigners could not vote.

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This is a painting of the famous Athenianphilosopher, Socrates. He encouraged

his followers to ask questions.

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Athens experienced a golden age.

A golden age is a time of peace, prosperity, and great achievements.

The Athenians produced great works of literature, philosophy, and art.

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Sparta was another important Greekpolis.

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Sparta was a militaristic polis.

In Sparta, all men had to serve in the military.

Weak or disabled babies were left to die.

Sparta Video

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A Spartan’s life revolved around the military. A Spartan man was a soldier

for most of his life.

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How would you feel if your entire life revolved around fighting and being a soldier?

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The Spartans had helots or slaves.

The helots farmed for the Spartans.

While the helots farmed, the Spartans focused on military affairs.

Life in Sparta differed greatly from life in Athens.

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The Spartans had enslaved the helots.

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What was a polis and why did the Greeks develop the polis?

Define a golden age and name a Greek polis that experienced a golden age.

List three differences between the ancient Greek polis of Athens and Sparta.

Who were the helots and how were they treated?

Describe Athenian democracy.