XML Training Presentation

Introduction to WileyML

What is XML?

Investigations of the reasons for confessing, true or false, have shown that many do confess simply to escape (see reviews by Drizin & Leo, <xref target="Kebbellc07-bib-0018">2004</xref>; Gudjonsson, <xref target="Kebbellc07-bib-0024">2003</xref>; Kassin & Gudjonsson, <xref target="Kebbellc07-bib-0036">2004</xref>; Ofshe & Leo <xref target="Kebbellc07-bib-0057">1997a</xref>, <xref target="Kebbellc07-bib-0058">1997b</xref>). Indeed, some documented cases of wrongful conviction have illustrated the role of impaired thinking in promoting the belief that confession will result in escape. Consider, for example, 16-year-old Allen Chesnet's comment (ABC news 20/20, 2002): “They kept telling me I know you did it so why are you lying to me. They had me so upset I wasn't thinking right… [I]f I said, yeah, I did it, I could go home. If I said I didn't do it, I could go to jail so I said I did it and I want to see my parents and everything”. Suspects may also be prone to waive their <term>Miranda</term>rights in order to be released. A suspect in one of the first author's recent cases, having been read his rights and asked if he was still willing to talk to the investigators, responded “How I'm gonna get outta here if I don't talk to ya'll”. </sect2> <sect2 id="Kebbellc07-sec2-0008"> <title>The “Borg Maneuver” and the Role of False Evidence</title> <blockQuote> “You believe everything a cop tells you, you're a damn fool!” <source>Lieutenant Colombo</source> </blockQuote> Interrogation may be thought of as an extended “anti-<term>Miranda</term>” warning, in which the suspect is led to believe that <emph>failure to tell</emph> his version of the events in question can and will be held against him in a court of law, and that, conversely, everything he <emph>does tell</emph> the investigators can and will work to his benefit. This message is conveyed in two parts. First, the suspect is convinced that the investigators have overwhelming proof of guilt, and therefore he cannot hope to establish his innocence because no one will believe him. Second,

The network feasibility problem can be explained by using the simple system shown in Figure <xref target="machowski5580c08-fig-0001"/>. In this system the network is represented by an equivalent generator that can be modelled in the steady state by an equivalent voltage source E behind an equivalent reactance Xg. Under normal operating conditions the generator AVR will keep the terminal voltage constant when the equivalent voltage source has a value equal to the terminal voltage Vg and the equivalent reactance is zero. However, if the AVR is not operative, or the equivalent generator is operating near its excitation limit, then the field voltage will remain constant and the equivalent generator must be modelled by its synchronous emf Ef acting behind its synchronous reactance Xd. In general the resistance of the generator and transmission link is small and can be neglected, while the equivalent reactance X must combine the source reactance with that of the transformer and the transmission line. The real and reactive power absorbed by the load, PL(V) and QL(V), can be calculated from the phasor diagram in Figure <xref target="machowski5580c08-fig-0001"/> by noting that <math display="block"><mrow><mtext>IX</mtext><mi>cos</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>E</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>sin</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>δ</mi></mrow></math> and <math display="block"><mrow><mtext>IX</mtext><mi>sin</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>E</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>cos</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>δ</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>V</mi></mrow></math>. This gives<mathDisplay id="machowski5580c08-mdis-0001"><math display="block"><mrow><mtable align="right"><mtr><mtd columnalign="left"><mrow><msub><mi>P</mi><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">L</mi></mrow></msub><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>V</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mo>=</mo><mtext>VI</mtext><mi>cos</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>ϕ</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>V</mi><mfrac><mrow><mtext>IX</mtext><mi>cos</mi><mspace width="0.2em"/><mi>ϕ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>X</mi>

What is XML?

• Not about presentation (unlike typesetting software or HTML)…

• …XML attempts to capture information about the structure and the meaning of content.

‘Semantic’ XML

• In print formatting italic, bold etc. communicates something about the text– Italic could be: emphasis, a term, a title, a

maths variable, a gene name, etc.• Readers interpret the meaning of the

formatting according to the context, computers can’t.

• Therefore semantic tags capture the ‘meaning’, e.g. italic text might be captured as <emph>, <term>, <title>, <mi>, <geneSeq>.

HTML:

Tags/Elements

Wiley’s tags are ‘human readable’ and usually describe exactly what they do, e.g. <blockQuote>, <title>, <bibliography>

References (from DIAMOND)

Wiley’s XML?

• XML = eXtensible Markup Language.• Meta-language: follow the rules to create your

own markup.• ‘XML’ isn’t one thing – there is no publishing

industry standard. – OASIS tables– MathML – both integrated into WileyML

• Wiley’s current XML model: WileyML 2.1• WileyML 3G:

– Replace WileyML 2.1– Unified XML Content Model.– Transition to 3G in 2010.

A brief introduction to XML

Why we need 3G

Metadata = ‘data about data’.

<productMeta> = data about the book.

Metadata

<unitMeta> = data about the chapter or file.

Metadata

Character entities

&hyphen; = character entity

String of characters that represent other characters, especially ones that do not appear on the keyboard, or that are reserved for XML processing instructions, for example: <, >, &.

© = © & = &

• Attributes capture additional information about an element.

• Avoids having too many tags.– Instead of

<creatorAuthor><creatorEditor><creatorSeriesEditor><creatorTranslator>

<creatorContributor> we use attributes.

• 3G: elements for content, attributes for metadata about the tagged content.

Attributes

• Appear on the opening tag.• Consist of a name and a value.

creatorRole="author"• The name of the attribute is separated from its

value with an equals (=) sign.• Double quotes define the value (" ").

Attributes

Attributes

• Can be pre-defined

• Can be defined by production

• Can be used to codify presentation without including formatting instructions

Attribute table for <feature> (used for boxed text)

<feature type="realLifeNugget">

lowerCamelCase

• Wiley’s XML tags and attributes (name and value) follow lowerCamelCase.

<nameOfTag> <Nameoftag> or <nameofTag> etc.

<tag nameOfAttribute="valueOfAttribute">

• Can’t have spaces.

• Helps make them ‘human readable’.

Why do we need XML?

Why Wiley needs XML?

• Single source publishing to multiple platforms/formats– Wiley Online Library, VitalBooks, WileyPLUS, eReaders,

PDAs, etc.

• Distribute content via data aggregators (RSS/news feeds).

• ‘Enriched’ content – more dynamic than print/PDF (multi-media, learning tools).

• Powerful searching– find exactly what you’re looking for from millions of web

pages.

• Connections between discrete data sources (e.g. CrossRef).

References

• Correct tagging of references is important – it facilitates linking to other content on the net.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/feedfactory/

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/help/3223484.stm

All Wiley all the time

• Internal gateway to Wiley’s Content Repository.

• Using WCR we can build:– new Wiley products from existing content;– bespoke custom products from existing content;– customer-facing solutions.

• External gateway: Wiley Custom Select.

DIAMOND

HTML view (generated by system from XML) – for visual QA

XML (source) file

QA log (automated checks)

XML help &

instructions

http://chweb01.wiley.co.uk:90/Portaltemp/inhouse_XML_guidelines/inhouse_guidelines.htm

Any questions?

Technology

XML Training Presentation