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UC SDN Use Case
Chris Lauwers—Ubicity Corp.
• SDN Explained in Two Minutes
• Why Should We Care?
• SDN Opportunities for Unified Communications
• UC SDN Use Cases
– Automating QoE
– Diagnostics
– Orchestration
• Automating QoE
– Dynamic QoS Marking
– Admission Control
– Dynamic Traffic Engineering
Agenda
SDN EXPLAINED IN 2
MINUTES
• Software Defined Networking is:
– The physical separation of the network control
plane from the forwarding plane
– Where a control plane controls several devices.
Definition from Open Networking
Foundation (ONF)
Forwarding
Control
Forwarding
Control
Forwarding
Control
Forwarding
Control
Forwarding
Control
• Software Defined Networking is:
– The physical separation of the network control
plane from the forwarding plane
– Where a control plane controls several devices.
Definition from Open Networking
Foundation (ONF)
Forwarding
Forwarding
Forwarding
Forwarding
Forwarding
Logically Centralized Control Plane
• Controller-Based Network Architecture
SDN Architecture
SDN North-Bound Interface
Network Controller
Topology
Network Element
SDN Protocols
SDN Applications
Inventory Path
Calculation Flow
Programming Statistics
SDN Applications
Network Element
Network Element
Network Element
WHY SHOULD WE CARE?
SDN Benefits for End-User
Applications
• End-user application programmers have surprisingly little control over the network – Limited to “connect my port
to some endpoint”
• Application programmers have surprisingly little visibility into the network – Limited to connectivity
failures
• Available abstractions limited to connectivity
Connectivity
Connections
Addresses
Protocols
Ports
Interfaces
Network Element
NBIs Provide End-to-End Network
Abstractions
Topology
Network Element
SDN Protocols
Inventory Path
Calculation Flow
Programming Statistics
Network Element
Network Element
Network Element
Performance
Packet Loss
Jitter
Delay
Topology
Paths
Proximity
Distance
Location
Network Graph
Status
Utilization
Congestion
Path Status
Link Status
Trends
Error Rates
Peak Load
Usage
Connectivity
Connections
Addresses
Protocols
Interfaces
Ports
Bandwidth
SDN OPPORTUNITIES FOR UC
It’s the Network, Stupid
• 60% to 80% of Quality of
Experience (QoE) problems are
caused by issues with the
underlying network
– Improper QoS configuration
– Wireless access point issues
– Interfaces between networks
• Limited troubleshooting support
– Because of lack of network visibility
• No options for corrective actions
– Aside from error concealment
Allow UC Applications to Communicate with SDN Controllers to: Explicitly identify voice, video, and other UC traffic
Versus: • Using dedicated voice VLAN • Network-based application
recognition
Explicitly requesting QoS treatment for UC traffic on a session-by-session basis
Versus “one-size-fits-all” static QoS markings
Preventing network overload through centralized admission control
Versus per-application call admission control
Resolving situations where insufficient bandwidth is available
Versus ???
SDN Opportunity: Closing the Loop
between Network and UC
Automated QoE Service
Automated QoE API
Network Controller
Topology
Network Element
SDN Protocols
UC&C Application
Inventory Path
Calculation Flow
Programming Statistics
UC&C Application
Network Element
Network Element
Network Element
Automated QoE Service
Dynamic QoS Marking
Admission Control
Dynamic Traffic Engineering
Policy
Administrator Interface
UC SDN USE CASES
Automated QoE Service
Deployment Options
QoS Marking Admission
Control
Traffic
Engineering Option 2 Policy
Policy Admission
Control QoS Marking Option 1
QoS Marking Policy Mandatory
DYNAMIC QOS MARKING
Dynamic QoS Marking: Example
Configuration
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
UC&C Infrastructure
UC&C Startup: Install Static QoS
Policy for Signaling Traffic
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi Create Policy
UC&C Infrastructure
UC&C Startup: Install Static QoS
Policy for Signaling Traffic
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
Set Static QoS Policies
UC&C Infrastructure
Call Setup—Signaling Traffic
Receives QoS Treatment
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
BE
CS3 CS3 CS3 CS3 CS3
BE
CS3
CS3
CS3
CS3
UC&C Infrastructure
Call Setup—UC&C Requests QoS
Treatment for Session Media
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
BE
CS3 CS3 CS3 CS3 CS3
BE
CS3
CS3
CS3
CS3
UC&C Infrastructure
Create Session
Call Setup—UC&C Requests QoS
Treatment for Session Media
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
BE
CS3 CS3 CS3 CS3 CS3
BE
CS3
CS3
CS3
CS3
UC&C Infrastructure
Create Session
BE
BE BE
BE
BE
BE
Call Setup—UC&C Requests QoS
Treatment for Session Media
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
UC&C Infrastructure
BE
BE BE
BE
BE
BE
Set Session QoS Policies
Call Setup—UC&C Requests QoS
Treatment for Session Media
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
UC&C Infrastructure
BE EF EF
EF
EF
BE
Set Session QoS Policies
EF
EF
UC&C QoS is Secured
Access Switch
Automated QoE Service
Access Switch
AP Wi-Fi
UC&C Infrastructure
BE EF EF
EF
EF
BE
EF
EF
Automated QoE API
• Session-Based Model
– Dynamic
– Used for media traffic
• Operations
session_start(session)
session_read(session)
session_update(session)
session_end (session)
session_changed(sessio
n, reason)
• Policy-Based Model
– Static
– Used for signaling
• Operations
policy_add(policy)
policy_read(policy)
policy_update(policy)
policy_delete(policy)
26
Automated QoE Information Model
Session Element
Start Time
Description
Group ID
Media
Media
User
Media
° ° °
Session ID
User Element
User ID
User Name
Realm
Media Element
Flow
Description
QoS Requested
Age-Out Timer
QoS Granted
User ID
Flow Element
Source IP Address
IP Address Type
Dest IP Address
Transport
Dest IP Port
Source IP Port
QoS Requested
Average Bandwidth
Application Class
Max. Bandwidth
Min. Bandwidth QoS Granted
Granted Bandwidth
Actual Class
DSCP
Dynamic QoS Marking—Control
Flow
Parse Session
For Each Media
Element
Map Granted CoS to
QoS Markings
QoS Setup Complete
QoS Mapping
Apply QoS Markings at
Network Ingress
Parse Requested CoS
for Media Element
Determine Granted CoS QoS Policy
Dynamic QoS Marking—Policy
Decisions
• Define available
Classes of Service
• Map Classes of
Service to QoS
markings
• Control access to
Classes of Service
Parse Session
For Each Media
Element
Map Granted CoS to
QoS Markings
QoS Setup Complete
QoS Mapping
Apply QoS Markings at
Network Ingress
Parse Requested CoS
for Media Element
Determine Granted CoS QoS Policy
ADMISSION CONTROL
Admission Control—Control Flow
• Centralized
– As opposed to per-
application
– Accounts for all
traffic
• Accurate topology
model
– As opposed to
administrator-
configured
Parse Session
For Each Media
Element
Determine Granted CoS
and Bandwidth
Dynamic QoS Marking
Admission Control
Policy
Calculate Path
Parse Requested CoS
and Bandwidth
No Sufficient
BW in CoS Reject Call
Yes
• What action to take when insufficient bandwidth
in requested Class of Service:
– Grant less than requested
– Re-allocate bandwidth by reducing bandwidth for
“lower-priority” sessions
– Relegate flow to “lower” Class of Service
– Relegate flow to Best Efforts
– Reject call
Admission Control—Policy
DYNAMIC TRAFFIC
ENGINEERING
Dynamic Traffic Engineering—
Control Flow
• TE of CoS Bandwidth
• TE of Media Paths
No
Yes
Determine Granted
CoS and BW
Sufficient
BW in CoS
For Each Media
Element
Parse Session
Parse Requested
CoS and BW
Admission Control
Policy
Calculate Path
No Call Resources
CoS BW
Increased?
Alternate
Path?
Yes
No
Dynamic CoS Traffic
Engineering
Traffic Engineering
Policy
No
Yes
Dynamic Path Traffic
Engineering
Dynamic QoS Marking