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Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World
Discovering Computers 2012
Chapter 1Basic Introduction to Computers
2
Objectives Overview
Explain why computer literacy is vital to
success in today’s world
Define the term, computer, and describe
the relationship between data and
information
Describe the five components of a
computer
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages that users experience when
working with computers
Define the term, network, and identify
benefits of sharing resources on a network
Discuss the uses of the Internet and World
Wide Web
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
3
Objectives Overview
Distinguish between system software and application
software
Differentiate among types, sizes, and functions of
computers in each category
Describe the role of each element in an information
system
Explain how home users, small office/home office
users, mobile users, power users, and enterprise users
each interact with computers
Discuss how society uses computers in education,
finance, government, health care, science, publishing, travel, and manufacturing
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1See Page 3 for Detailed Objectives
4
A World of Computers
• Computers are everywhere
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 4 - 5 Figure 1-1
What Is a Computer?
• A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 5Page 6
Collects data
(input)Processing
Produces information
(output)
Information Processing Cycle
6
What Is a Computer?
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 6 Figure 1-2
7
The Components of a Computer
• A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as hardware
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 6 - 8
• Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computerInput Device
• Hardware component that conveys information to one or more peopleOutput Device
• Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process dataSystem Unit
• Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage mediaStorage Device
• Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices
Communications Device
8
The Components of a Computer
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 7 Figure 1-3
9
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
Advantages of Using Computers
Disadvantages of Using Computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
Speed
Reliability
Consistency
Storage
Communications
Health Risks
Violation of Privacy
Public Safety
Impact on Labor Force
Impact on Environment
Pages 9 - 10
10
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Computers
• Green computing involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer
• Strategies include:– Recycling– Regulating manufacturing processes– Extending the life of computers– Immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 10
11
Categories of Computers
Embedded computers
Supercomputers
Mainframes
Servers
Game consoles
Mobile computers and mobile devices
Personal computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 19
12
Personal Computers
• A personal computer can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself
• Two popular architectures are the PC and the Apple– Desktop computer
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 19 - 20 Figures 1-15 - 1-16
13
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Personal computer you can carry from place to place
Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs
Mobile Computer
Computing device small enough to hold in your hand
Examples include smart phones and PDAs, e-book readers, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras
Mobile Device
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 20 - 23
14
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Notebook computer
Tablet PC
Smart phones and PDAs
E-book reader
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 20 - 22 Figures 1-17 – 1-20
15
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Handheld computer
Portable media player
Digital camera
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 22 - 23Figures 1-21 – 1-23
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 16
Game Consoles
• A game console is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games
Page 24 Figure 1-24
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 17
Servers
• A server controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network– Provides a centralized
storage area for programs, data, and information
Page 25 Figure 1-25
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1 18
Mainframes
• A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously
Page 25 Figure 1-26
19
Supercomputers
• A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful computer– Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing
more than one quadrillion instructions in a single second
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 25 Figure 1-27
20
Embedded Computers
• An embedded computer is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 26
Consumer Electronics
• Mobile and digital telephones
• Digital televisions• Cameras• Video recorders• DVD players and
recorders• Answering
machines
Home Automation Devices
• Thermostats• Sprinkling systems• Security
monitoring systems• Appliances• Lights
Automobiles
• Antilock brakes• Engine control
modules• Airbag controller• Cruise control
Process Controllers and Robotics
• Remote monitoring systems
• Power monitors• Machine
controllers• Medical devices
Computer Devices and Office Machines
• Keyboards• Printers• Faxes• Copiers
21
Embedded Computers
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 26 Figure 1-28
22
Elements of an Information System
Hardware Software Data
People Procedures
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 27
23
Elements of an Information System
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 27 Figure 1-29
24
Examples of Computer Usage
Home User• Personal financial
management• Web access• Communications• Entertainment
Small Office/Home Office User• Look up information• Send and receive e-mail
messages• Make telephone calls
Mobile User• Connect to other computers
on a network or the Internet• Transfer information• Play video games• Listen to music• Watch movies
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 28 – 31Figures 1-30 – 1-32
25
Examples of Computer Usage
Power User• Work with multimedia• Use industry-specific
software
Enterprise User• Communicate among
employees• Process high volumes
of transactions• Blog
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 31 – 32Figures 1-33 – 1-34
26
Computer Applications in Society
Education
Finance
Government
Health CareDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 34 - 36
Figures 1-36 – 1-39
27
Computer Applications in Society
Science
Publishing
Travel
ManufacturingDiscovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Pages 36 - 38
Figures 1-40 – 1-43
28
Video: Computer History in a Barn
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
CLICK TO START
29
Summary
Basic computer concepts
Components of a computer
Many different categories of
computers, computer users, and computer
applications in society
Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1Page 39
Your Interactive Guide to the Digital World
Discovering Computers 2012
Chapter 1Basic Introduction to Computers
Chapter 1 Complete
31Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
32Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
The Challenge Box• Group yourselves into 5• Create 4 questions based on the previous lessons
(identification or enumeration questions – 1/8sheet of y.p. per question, always put your group number on the upper right corner of the paper )
• At the back of the portion of the question, put the number which corresponds to the number of the other group.
33Discovering Computers 2012: Chapter 1
Scoring:
• Each question answered correctly (identified correctly) by any member of the group is equivalent to 2 points
• After the question was answered, another member will give an example (minimum of 2 examples) of the application of the answered question ( 3 points)
• After the group have been identified the answers and gave their examples, they will give a number to the instructor, that number will depend on the range given by the instructor to choose the next group to be on the hot seat!
• A follow up questions may be thrown to the answering group by any group from the class.