The Great Space The Great Space RaceRace

By: Kaitlyn Stuart

TimelineTimeline

• October 4, 1957:October 4, 1957: Russia start the space race by orbiting Russia start the space race by orbiting Sputnik Sputnik 11, the world’s first space satellite. , the world’s first space satellite.

• December 6, 1957: The U.S. launched its first satellite, Explorer 1

• Sputnik 2 was launched by the Soviet Union, carrying the first

animal in space • 1959: NASA (The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ) is formed in the U.S.

• 1961: The Soviet Union launches Luna 2. This is the first space probe to hit the moon.

• The Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, became the first human in space in the Vostok 1.

• 1962: Alan Shepard, Jr. becomes the first American astronaut in space.

• The Cold War

TimelineTimeline continued…continued…

1962:1962: John Glen Jr. becomes first American to orbit Earth. John Glen Jr. becomes first American to orbit Earth. 1963:1963: The first woman in space is Soviet cosmonaut The first woman in space is Soviet cosmonaut

Valentina Tereshkova. Valentina Tereshkova. 1968:1968: The United States launches Apollo 8, the first The United States launches Apollo 8, the first

manned space mission to orbit the moon. manned space mission to orbit the moon. U.S. astronauts Neil Armstrong, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin and U.S. astronauts Neil Armstrong, Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin and

Michael Collins make it to the moon. Armstrong is the first Michael Collins make it to the moon. Armstrong is the first man to walk on the moon and was followed by Buzz Aldrin. man to walk on the moon and was followed by Buzz Aldrin.

The U.S. wins the Space Race being the first ones on the The U.S. wins the Space Race being the first ones on the moon.moon.

The effects of the Space RaceThe effects of the Space Race

TheThe CauseCause

The United States and the Soviet Union were rivals during the Cold War. Space technology became an important thing during this war. Space technology could spy on the enemy or drop atomic bombs on the rival country. This technology was also important for demonstrating the superiority of the ideology of that country. The Germans were able to build V-2 Rockets in 1942 during the war. These rockets were only used as a warhead at this time. As the war ended the Soviet Union and the United States used these rockets as building blocks for the development of rocketry for outer space.

WhatWhat was it?

The Space Race was a competition between the United States and The Soviet Union. This competition involved exploring outer space with artificial satellites and eventually landing people on the moon.

Soviet union United States

What What happened?happened?

In October 1957, The world's first artificial satellite was launched, Sputnik 1. It showed the technical abilities of the Soviet Union. The United States feared they would be attacked and they formed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, (NASA). About four months after the launch of Sputnik 1, the U.S. launched their first successful satellite, Explorer 1.

Also, in 1957 the Soviet Union launched Sputnik 2, which carried the first animal in space, a dog named Laika. In 1961 the Soviet Union launched Luna 2, which was the first space craft to land on the moon On April 12, 1961, the Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, became the first human in space in the Vostok 1. A few days later Alan Shepard became the first U.S. man in space on mission Freedom 7. John Glenn became the first man to orbit the earth for the U.S.

Continued…Continued…

On June 16, 1963, the Soviet Union’s Valentine Tereshkova became the first woman in outer space while on the Vostok 6. Apollo 8 was launched December 21, 1968. It orbited the moon eight times and astronauts took pictures of its surface. The Apollo 8 astronauts were the first men to journey to the moon.

Sputnik Sputnik 11

The world’s first space satellite, launched by the Soviet Union on October 4, 1957. It was about the size of a basketball and weighed 183 pounds.

The location of the launch of the first satellite, Sputnik 1, is located in the

Republic of Kazakhstan which is approximately 1,300 miles from Moscow,

Russia.

MAPMAP

WhoWho was important?

Yuri Gagarin

Valentina Tereshkova

John Glenn Jr.

Neil Armstrong

Yuri Gagarin flew into orbit aboard the Soviet spacecraft Vostok I on April 12, 1961, becoming the first man in space. He circled the Earth once before coming back for a safe landing in the Soviet Union roughly 90 minutes later. The 1961 flight made him an international hero; he was awarded the Order of Lenin and made a deputy of the Soviet parliament, the Supreme Soviet. The flight was also considered a political victory for the Soviet Union.

Yuri Gagarin

Soviet cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova was launched into space aboard the Vostok 6 on June 16, 1963, becoming the first woman to visit outer space. She spent three days in space before coming back to Earth. The flight made Tereshkova a national hero and she was awarded the high honor of the Order of Lenin. Her flight was considered a scientific coup for the Soviet Union.

Valentina Tereshkova

John Glenn Jr.

John Glenn, Jr. circled Earth on the Mercury 6 space mission in 1962, which made him the first American to make a complete circle around the earth. He became one of America's original seven Mercury astronauts and orbited Earth three times on February 20, 1962 in the capsule Friendship 7.

Neil Armstrong was the first human being to set foot on the moon on July 20, 1969. Armstrong was the pilot of the Gemini 8 mission (launched 16 March 1966) and then was commander for the Apollo 11 mission of 1969.. Armstrong was the first to step onto the moon's surface.

Neil Armstrong

This is a picture of the moon taken by the This is a picture of the moon taken by the Apollo 8,Apollo 8, the first space craft to orbit the the first space craft to orbit the moon.moon.

Primary SourcePrimary Source

The The ResultResult

On July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first On July 1969, Neil Armstrong became the first man to set foot on the moon. He traveled to the man to set foot on the moon. He traveled to the moon on the Apollo 11. A lunar module camera moon on the Apollo 11. A lunar module camera made it possible for there to be live footage on made it possible for there to be live footage on television. Since the U.S. were the first to set foot television. Since the U.S. were the first to set foot on the moon, they won the race. This was the end on the moon, they won the race. This was the end of the race, but the beginning of future of the race, but the beginning of future discoveries.discoveries.

TheThe EffectsEffects

The long term effects of the space race in regions of The long term effects of the space race in regions of the country was the way the space race changed the the country was the way the space race changed the educational system and the imaginations of our people. A educational system and the imaginations of our people. A little while after Sputnik, lawmakers and the public began little while after Sputnik, lawmakers and the public began calling for a greater emphasis on math and science in the calling for a greater emphasis on math and science in the nation's schools. Governments put in more money, and the nation's schools. Governments put in more money, and the educational system started letting students get more math educational system started letting students get more math and science courses. and science courses.

In addition, we began to realize that there was a new In addition, we began to realize that there was a new place to be explored. Putting a man on the moon became place to be explored. Putting a man on the moon became an official governmental priority. On July 20, 1969, an official governmental priority. On July 20, 1969, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were the first humans to walk on something in outer space. Space flight humans to walk on something in outer space. Space flight became a real possibility. became a real possibility.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration.National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

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