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Alan Duncan, Beth Cullen, Catherine Pfeifer and Peter Ballantyne International Forum on Water and Food, Johannesburg, South Africa 14-16 Nov 2011
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The ‘Happy Strategies’ Game: Matching Land and Water Interventions with Landscape Needs
Alan Duncan, Beth Cullen, Catherine Pfeifer and Peter Ballantyne
International Forum on Water and Food, Johannesburg, South Africa 14-16 Nov 2011
http://www.nbdc.org
Origins of the GameNile Project 3: Aims to identify ‘best bet’
practices and technologies to scale out
Objectives of the GameMatch what we know to a specific landscapeCombine practices and interventions into a
strategy to address specific issues/problems of a landscape
Test an interactive ‘game’ approach to matching supply and demand
Process• Groups form, each with a facilitator, set of game cards• Landscape introduction – contours, issues, actors …• Groups formulate initial strategy ideas / review
package of ‘practices’ in its hand• Combine practices into a strategy
– Exchange wanted / unwanted practices with other groups (with the helpdesk)
– Identify essential ‘interventions’ to deliver the strategy– Develop innovations – practices – that you need but are
not already in the game. Obtain these from the helpdesk• Share your strategy with the wider group
– Document your strategy, how you came to it, major choices, any trade-offs you made
Intended result by groupAn ‘objective’ tailored to the landscape [in
the presentation]A strategy to achieve this objective,
comprising:Package of practicesEssential interventionsNeeded Innovations
Site description – Jegerida
This fictional landscape is derived from real sites of the NBDC
ElevationWide variation
in elevation from Highland to Lowland
SlopeSome very
steep terrain especially in mid-altitude areas.
RainfallModerate
rainfall of 900 to 1800 mm per year.
Poorly distributed – most falls in an intense rainy season
SoilsDeep volcanic
soilsSusceptible to
erosionProne to
waterloggingLow organic
matter content
Access to markets and waterOne major
urban centre but poor infrastructural development
Many water courses for irrigation
Erosion potentialSlope and soils
mean high erosion potential, particularly in Highland and mid-altitudinal areas.
Zone 1 highland
Zone 2 midlands
Zone 3 lowlands
Elevation
Innovation platform updates
Jegerida innovation platformFirst meeting held recentlyActors: Many government line departments, Local
Agricultural Research Center, Grassroots Development NGO
Key land and water management constraints identified Population increase leading to cultivation of steep slopes and
land deforestation, soil erosion etc. Very short land use planning horizon by farmers. Limited use of improved land and water management
technologies Erosion – loss of soil fertilityFlooding in lowland areasPoor crop yields
Baseline diagnosisLooked at planning, implementation,
innovation and livelihoods issues
System failuresTop-down implementation and lack of
farmer/community participation seem to be major historical factors in deteriorating NRM practices.
Community based institutions may have been weakened due to strong government intervention during a previous regime
Although current approaches are said to be participatory, this is debatable which has implications for long-term sustainability.
Collective action not workingPlanning and implementation
Most successful NRM activities are on farm and initiated and carried out by farmers
Those requiring collective action are not working due to previous efforts in which farmers have been co-opted and ownership has been lacking.
Farmer awarenessMany govt
respondents stated that
“farmer awareness” was
a major stumbling block
to progress – such attitudes
are not conducive to
building farmer engagement.
Implementation
Land and water management interventions
Quotas
Campaigns
Farmers often destroy the results of their work under collective schemes which is perhaps indicative of their feelings towards these activities.
SummaryOverlying issues
Poor food security High poverty levels
Key land and water management constraints identified Population increase leading to cultivation of steep slopes and land
deforestation, soil erosion etc. Very short land use planning horizon by farmers. Limited use of improved land and water management technologies Erosion – loss of soil fertility Flooding in lowland areas Poor crop yields
System constraints Top down implementation Weak local institutions Market access limited