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Gianni Canal's presentation at Oracle OpenWorld, 2008 or service exposure at Telecom Italia
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GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
San Francisco, 24th September 2008 – Moscone Center
| Gianni CANAL| Network – Telecom Italia |
Opening Communication Networksto Third-Party Service Revenues
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
1
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Agenda
�Market trend
�Web2.0: threat or opportunity
�Web2.0 ecosystem
�Opportunity models
�SDP for 3rd party access
�Service Exposure
�Monetization needs
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
2
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Macro markets trends
�Demand for interactive video & Web enabled services are leading to a
proliferation of contents and applications
�Service Providers are becoming Full Service Providers combining their
fixed and mobile assets to address consumer, enterprise and
wholesale market
�Fixed and Mobile Networks are transforming to all IP to deliver multi-
media services over broadband and enable cost optimization of their
networks
�Growing business interest in Advertising area implies the changing of
Service Providers business model
�Towards Ubiquitous Lifestyle Communication Experience
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
3
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Macro markets trends
TimeBlack Phone Era Broadband Era
The average inter-
communication time is
doubled in the last years
but in the meanwhile the
ways of communicating
are increased as well.
These new ways are
intercepted by emerging
players in the Web arena.
Threat or Opportunity?
Fixed
Mobile
Web
Average Inter-Communication Tim
e
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
4
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
The new battle field: threat or opportunity?
Communication
Services
Internet
Services
Content
Services
•Voice
•Video telephony
•Presence
•SMS
•MMS
•…
•IM
•Blogs
•Voip
•Communities
•Content sharing
•…•IPTV
•Mobile TV
•Video Streaming
•Premium Services
•RingTones
•…
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
5
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
�Web2.0 Innovative players are emerging: from GAMeY to Facebook,
MySpace, Linkedyn, ..
�Usually they provide free of charge applications exploiting advertising
and indirect business models.
�They ride the open approach “web_as_a_platform”: their business
relies on “ecosystems’ (users/developers).
�Without a change of culture and a change of business models,
operators are reduced to Connectivity Providers
Connectivity MediaTelco capability Application
The challenge is to get the opportunity
Web2.0 ecosystem
TLC Operator
TLC Operator
Web2.0 ecosystem
�It’s vital to address correctly this new market battle field both from the
technological and stragical point of view by:
�Interpreting and adapting to the Web2.0 paradigm
�Adapting and adopting new business models
�The opportunity is to be part of this new market ecosystem
through the offering of Telco functionalities in a Web2.0 style
Threat
Opportunity
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
6
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Web2.0: winning strategy
Content and themes as
aggregation poles.
User and developers communities.
Social Networking
Users not only as consumers of
content and information but active
producers of them
Prosumer
Technology evolution that
simplifies application
personalization and composition.
Mashup
Extreme TTM: apps improve by
use. Important to be the first.
TTL based on natural selection.
Perpetual Beta
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
7
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Web2.0 ecosystem characteristics
Complex relationship system where all the actors contribute,
through their interactions, to add value to the overall system
Ecosystem
Virality
DevelopmentDevelopmentDevelopment TestingTestingTesting PublishingPublishingPublishing Marketplace
Revenue sharing
MarketplaceMarketplace
Revenue sharingRevenue sharing
Developers / Third Parties Apple Application Store
(sellig channel)
Apple iPhone + SDK Prosumer
Community
Rewarding paradigm
Open and available to
anyone
Marketplace
Simplicity and user orientation
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
8
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
How to get the opportunity
Telecom Italia
User Profile and Network
Data
Billing relationship
Wide customers baseTelco capabilities
Rewarding e Marketplace
Community and virality
“_as_a_platform”
Developers ecosystems
Partnering with W2.0 actors
Telco2.0
Integration in ecosystems
Creation of new ecosystems
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
9
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Opportunity models
Telco functionalities are exposed to third parties. There are used under specific commercial agreements
Telco capabilities are integrated in 3rd
party ecosystems to exploit their viral distribution in existing dev communities
New ecosystems creation for Telco-based User Generated Services through SDK
and mash-up environment
Web2.0 ISP
Telecom Italia
ITNetwork
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
3rd party ecosistemMVNO, OLO,
Telecom Italia
ITNetwork
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
Web2.0 ISP
TI ecosystem
Telecom Italia
ITNetwork
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, CC, …
Open Collaborative Model
Service ProsumerModel
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
10
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Open Collaborative Model
�Telco Capabilities are exposed to few
selected 3rd parties in a B2B relation
�Traditional agreements and contracts are
stipulated between parties
�The B2B relation can be customized to
fulfill specific requirements
�All revenue management choices can be
applied
�The usage of the capabilities can be
controlled/validated by the operator
Web2.0 ISP
Telecom Italia
ITNetwork
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
MVNO, OLO,
Open Collaborative Model
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
11
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
MVNO type, capabilities and functionalities
MVNO TYPES
BRANDINGDISTR.SALES
OPER.BILLINGCRM
SUBSCR.MNGMENT
SERVICEPLATF.
CORENETWORK
ACCESSNETWORK
Full MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator)
Service Operator
Reseller
MVNE Center
MNO
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
12
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Mobile Virtual Network Enabler (MVNE)
� The 1st generation of MVNOs were mainly resellers of voice service
(eg COOP, Carrefour, ..) as a way to exploit the wide customer base
(eg fidelity program). The 2nd generation of MVNOs requires stronger
integration between their own service platforms and business support
systems and the MNO infrastructure. Some Example
� Utility (eg Poste Italiane, ENEL, Autostrade), Media/Entertainment
company (eg Mediaset, La7,..), FixedNO (eg Tiscali, Tele2, Fastweb)
To address correctly all the different requirements
coming from different kind of MVNO, the preferred model
is to create dedicated service center (MVNE – Mobile
Virtual Network Enabler). The objective is to enable the
MVNO integration through open and flexible platforms.
Telecom Italia
Customers MVNO
MVNEMNO
MNO can easily integrate
new MVNOs
Marketing & Billing
Relationship
Enable Network Services,
VAS and BSS/OSS
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
13
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Service Center
Networked Car (tema.mobility)
�Consortium to deliver a telematic platform, where a vehicle on-board
unit is always-connected to the mobile network.
�Service Providers are players of the automotive domain (assistance for
both travelers and cars, traffic management, insurance services, etc.).
SIM
Car maker Services
• Voice• Messaging• Data
3rd party Service Provider (eg.
infotainment)
3rd party provider controlling
urban mobility
Customers
Connectivity service and
Telco Capabilities
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
14
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Vehicle
Service Center
Driver
3rd Parties
Monitoring and location
tracking
Data elaboration
and reporting
Driver assistance
Service platform
operation and
management
Service Example: Vehicle tracking
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
15
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Vehicle
Service Center
Driver
3rd Parties
3rd parties can provide
infotainment eg news, meteo, ..
Service Example: Connected Personal Navigator Device
User can manage his
space eg to upload music
or pictures
Driver@home
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
16
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Service Prosumer Model
� Telco capabilities are integrated in 3rd party
developer ecosystems to exploit their
developer communities and their
“marketplace” through viral distribution
� Typical internet relations are established
� The B2B relationship is pre-defined and can't
be customized
� Revenue Management options are more
limited (typically there is a pre-paid credit
based consumption with possible revenue
sharing
� Telco capabilities provider has limited
knowledge of the usage of the capabilities by
the prosumer
3rd party ecosistem
Telecom Italia
ITNetwork
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
Web2.0 ISP
Service ProsumerModel
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
17
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Example: Facebook
“Face2You” - exposing SMS and call control capabilities allows “facebook”
developers to create application that enable buddies to send SMS or make
phone call directly to the owner of the application
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
18
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Service Prosumer Model
TI ecosystem
Telecom Italia
ITNetwork
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, CC, …
Service ProsumerModel
� Telco capabilities are integrated in Telecom
Italia developer ecosystems.
� “Cherry picking”: direct control of the
ecosystem allows flexibility in the B2B
relationship definition. Interesting 3rd party
application can be integrated in TI service
portfolio.
� Wider Revenue Management options are
possible since there is no constraints derived
from an existing ecosystem.
� Telco capabilities provider has wider
knowledge of the usage of the capabilities by
the prosumer
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
19
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Telecom Italia SDK
� Developers can download software
libraries to access Telecom Italia telco
capabilities for creating both client and
server side application
� Policy control manages this access
allowing flexible treatment of different
developers profiles.
� Credit-style system allows a simplified
way of charging exposed capabilities.
� Rooms for publishing applications,
statistics and news. Blogs for developer
assistance and discussion
Telco capabilities
ITNetwork
SDK PortalSDK Portal
provisioning monitor capabilities (soap/rest)
Telecom Italia
SDK APISDK API
Development-Time Run-Time
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
20
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
SDK: Community and Service Sharing
The SDK portal has a key role in the Telco 2.0 ecosystem to foster the creation of a
developer community to leverage telco infrastructure
relationships between SDK users
Social Networking
Developers can create, publish
and share their applications
Service Sharing
Community participants can
provide feedback on the apps
Service Rating
Portal
- creation- publishing- sharing
- usage- feedback
- SDK download
- Community Join
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
21
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
“User Generated Services”
� myKit is a new “user-centric” mashup
tool to simply applications creation
without requisting software development
skills
� It allows to compose in a simple
workflow basic components coming from
Internet and components that virtualize
telco capabilities.
� The Editor is a Web application. The
components are widgets.
� The metaphor used by the Web based
editor make the component independent
from the execution environment
� The application are executes client side
in a widget engine.
Messaging
WidgetCall Ctrl
Widget
Other TI
Widget
3rd party
Widgets
Telecom Italia Orchestrable Widgets
Telco Capabilities
Messaging Call Ctrl ...
Telecom Italia
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
22
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Web2.0 ISP
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
3rd party ecosistemMVNO, OLO,
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
Web2.0 ISP
TI ecosystem
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, CC, …
Open Collaborative
Model
Service ProsumerModel
Network/IT
infrastructure
SDP for 3rd party access
�Different models with different
characteristic in term of performances,
policy management, numbers and kind of
users, AAA, … require a flexible and
future-proof implementation solution
Web2.0 ISP
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
3rd party ecosistemMVNO, OLO,
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, ….
Web2.0 ISP
TI ecosystem
Messaging, Presence, Billing, Location, CC, …
Open Collaborative
Model
Service ProsumerModel
Network/IT
infrastructure
solution1 solution2 solution3
SOA principles
“Service” feature separation,
reusability, abstraction, …
Vertical approach
Netw
ork
Capability
Netw
ork
Capability
SDP
Netw
ork
Capability
Horizontal approach
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
23
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
SDP for 3rd party access: which approach?
�SDPs do not exist as products or solutions
“off the shelf” and “plug&play”
�Most of the vendors propose a “reference
framework” to be customized, adapted and
integrated depending both on the
techological and business context of the
operator.
�SDP are hence system integration solution
based on best-of-breed products
according to specific operator project
specification.
“an SDP is not a product, but rather a bundle
of products, that needs to be integrated into
the operators network and IT infrastructure.”
Source: Moriana, Service Delivery Platforms
And Telecom Web Services
“no Single Vendor Can Do It All”
Source: Forrester, Strategies to Own the Service
Delivery Platform Market
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
24
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Benchmarking between SDP implementation models
Source: Ovum, Service Delivery Platform Report
A services proposition, which nevertheless
offers products rather than pure custom-
build. The supplier provides an architectural
blueprint, but gives the customer a choice
when it comes to populating the architecture
with products, which are then customised
and integrated
A pure services
offering, where the
supplier builds an
SDP from scratch,
tailored to the needs
of each individual
customer
As SDP framework, but with a greater
packaged element and less choice of
products to speed up deployment
Pure product
offering, where the
supplier offers a
total
packaged solution
containing all the
components.
Operators
have such a complex
infrastructure that it
is very difficult to
use packaged
products.
√√√√
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
25
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
SDP for 3rd party access: core functionalities
ChargingChargingChargingCharging
AccountingAccountingAccountingAccounting
Composition Composition Composition Composition
and and and and
modularizationmodularizationmodularizationmodularization
Abstraction and virtualization according to SOA approach
Reuse of existing functionalities
Standard interface between 3rd parties and Telco Capabilities (Web
Services, REST or network protocol)
Security,Security,Security,Security, Policy Policy Policy Policy
and SLA and SLA and SLA and SLA
ManagementManagementManagementManagement
Service Service Service Service
OrientedOrientedOrientedOriented
Identity management: user profile and identity protection, network and
external identity mapping
Authentication, authorization and access control through policy
management.
Service contract control and management
Scalable and modular approach
Plug-in approach to add new capability to reuse the framework
Composite capabilities can be created by composing or orchestrating
basic capabilities
Different charging module depending on the service scenario and the
partner business relationship
Flexibility in capabilities usage accounting
Multichannel integration with BSS
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
26
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Telecom Italia
Service Exposure
Content Content Content Content
ProviderProviderProviderProviderProsumerProsumerProsumerProsumer
Service Service Service Service
ProviderProviderProviderProvider
Network
MVNOMVNOMVNOMVNO
IT
SDP for 3rd party access: Service Exposure
� Service Exposure platform is a flexible intermediation layer that
virtualizes and protects Telecom Italia Network and IT infrastructure
guaranteeing access control and security when 3rd party applications
interact with telco capabilities. It decouples capability technology from
the exposed “service” enabling dynamic resource allocation as well
as service level agreement (SLA) management.
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
27
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Service Exposure functional architecture
Service Exposure
Network IT
Security / Firewalling
Third Party Interface
Runtime Shared Function
Mediation Layer
Network Protocol Adpatation and Telco Gateway
Management
Shared
Capability
Telco Protocol Interface IT / WS Protocol Interface
Policy & SLA
EnforcementMonitor / AuditAccounting Id&AA Management
Service Orchestration Resource Virtualization and Service Abstraction
Policy /
SLA
Mgmt
Partner
Rel. Mgmt
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
28
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Single point of 3rd party access management
Service Exposure
Network IT
Service ProviderService ProviderService ProviderService Provider Content ProviderContent ProviderContent ProviderContent Provider ProsumerProsumerProsumerProsumer MVNOMVNOMVNOMVNO
Security / Firewalling
Third Party Interface
Runtime Shared Function
Mediation Layer
Network Protocol Adpatation and Telco Gateway
Management
Shared
Capability
Telco Protocol Interface IT / WS Protocol Interface
ISC
SMPP
MM7
….
Message
Locatio
n
Presence
Provision.
….
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
29
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Single point of 3rd party access management
Service Exposure
Network IT
Security / Firewalling
Third Party Interface
Runtime Shared Capability
Mediation Capability
Network Protocol Adpatation and Telco Gateway
Management
Shared
Capability
Telco Protocol Interface IT / WS Protocol Interface
Capability
Capability
Capability
Single point of access to telco capabilities
Customer’s unified view of the Telco capabilities
Single point of access to telco capabilities
Customer’s unified view of the Telco capabilities
Service ProviderService ProviderService ProviderService Provider Content ProviderContent ProviderContent ProviderContent Provider ProsumerProsumerProsumerProsumer MVNOMVNOMVNOMVNO
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
30
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Single point of 3rd party access management
Service Exposure
Network IT
Security / Firewalling
Third Party Interface
Runtime Shared Function
Mediation Layer
Network Protocol Adpatation and Telco Gateway
Management
Shared
Capability
Telco Protocol Interface IT / WS Protocol Interface
Capability
Capability
Capability
Single point of partner management
Telecom Italia unified view of the
Customer
Single point of partner management
Telecom Italia unified view of the
Customer
Service ProviderService ProviderService ProviderService Provider Content ProviderContent ProviderContent ProviderContent Provider ProsumerProsumerProsumerProsumer MVNOMVNOMVNOMVNO
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
31
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Single point of 3rd party access management
Service Exposure
Network IT
Security / Firewalling
Third Party Interface
Runtime Shared Capability
Mediation Capability
Network Protocol Adpatation and Telco Gateway
Management
Shared
Capability
Telco Protocol Interface IT / WS Protocol Interface
Single point of exposed capability management
Telecom Italia unified view of the exposed Services
Single point of exposed capability management
Telecom Italia unified view of the exposed Services
Capability
Service ProviderService ProviderService ProviderService Provider Content ProviderContent ProviderContent ProviderContent Provider ProsumerProsumerProsumerProsumer MVNOMVNOMVNOMVNO
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
32
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Service Exposure: products and components
Data Layer
TELCO
Service
Gateway
Layer
Mediation
Layer
Load Balacing
Layer
WSM
Layer
Firewall/VPN
Layer
Id&A
Mgmt
Layer
Mgmt
Layer
Oracle AquaLogic Service Bus 2.6
CompositionTransformatio
n
Message/Auth
Mappping
Routing
Protocol
Switching
HP
SGF
Oracle
RAC
ALSB
Oracle
RAC UUIS
Oracle
RAC TSE
Adm
Portal
Oracle
RAC
WLNG 3.0
HTTPS/SOAP
HP SOAM Broker
Auditing LoggingUsage
Limitation
Message Inspection
AA PEP
SLO Monitoring
HTTPS/SOAP
IMS I/F ,
SMPP, MM7, …
SIP, SMPP, MM7, … HTTPS/SOAP
Oracle WLNG 3.0 e Legacy
Business
Policies
Network
Protection
WS IMS
(WLSS 3.0)
Protocol
Adaptation
WS 2G WS …
HP UUIS
A&A
Cache
Session
Manager
Radius
Adapter
Federation
Manager
Transparent
Proxy
SOA Governance DomainSOA Governance Domain
HP Systinet2
Reg
Rep
TSE Admin
Policy MgmtPartner
Mgmt
Service
Mgmt
CISCO 6504 (LB – SW)
Checkpoint FW - VPN
HTTPS/SOAP
Other
WS
Account.
Module
HP
IUM
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
33
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Monetization NeedsSDP and Monetization Needs
Reuse
Open-up service delivery
environments to third parties and
innovative business models
Exposure
Framework
Re-use across the service delivery
environment through modular web
services design
Manage Lifecycle of services
spanning network and IT domain
with SOA techniques
�Subscribers need to be
tracked, charged for service
usage
�3rd Parties (content and
capability provider) need to
be reimbursed for providing
capabilities, technologies,
service building-block
�3rd Parties (ASP, ISP, MVNO)
need to get revenues from
the subscriber for the end
user services
�Operator needs to manage
monetization, get reimbursed
for infrastructure, services
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
34
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Management of Telco 2.0 Partner Networks
App
Developer
€
Operator
Customers
Customers
Billing
Rev Share
Rev Share
Billing-on-
behalf-of
Content
Provider
Capability
Provider
Application
Developer
Application
Provider
€
€
€
operator
€
Billing€
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
35
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
Numero di servizi
Market share
corrispondente
Traditional
ModelTraditional
Model
Mission Critical ServicesSituational Services
Collaborative Open
ModelCollaborative Open
Model
Service Prosumer
ModelService Prosumer
Model
Performance, reliability,
QoS, ...
Rapid development
In house – specific skill Communities – no specific skill
Best Effort
Service Life-Cycle
Opening to 3rd party service revenues
Towards Long Tail service revenues
Service Exposure
GRUPPO TELECOM ITALIA
Oracle Open World 2008
36
Opening Communication Networks to Third-Party Service Revenues
| Gianni CANAL
| Network
“It is not the strongest of the species that survives,
nor the most intelligent.
It is the one that is the most adaptable to change”(Charles Darwin)