SEMINAR ON MAGNETIC LEVITATION AND ITS APPLICATION

SUBMITTED BY:RAHUL KUMAR SHAW

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 1301227670(EE-3A)

CONTENTS: Introduction Fundamentals Maglev applications Ways to magnetically levitate Maglev trains Maglev wind turbine Maglev space propulsion Maglev bearings Future scope Conclusion References

INTRODUCTION:

Also known as maglev or magnetic suspension.It is a method by which an object is suspended

with no support other than magnetic fields.In the past, magnetic levitation was attempted

by using permanent magnetsMagnetic levitation is based on the principle of

magnetic pressure.Magnetic levitation is used for maglev train,

maglev bearings and for product display purposes.

FUNDAMENTALS :

Different pole of two magnet attract with other.

Same pole of two magnet repel with with other.

One arrangement is here where one bar magnet is levitate.

Earnshaw’s theorem proved conclusively that it is not possible to levitate stably using only static, macroscopic, paramagnetic fields.

MAGLEV APPLICATIONS:

Maglev TrainsMaglev Wind TurbineMaglev Space PropulsionMaglev Bearings

WAYS TO MAGNETICALLY LEVITATE:There are mainly two types of Maglev technologies used for the levitation purpose:

Electromagnetic Suspension (EMS) Electrodynamic Suspension (EDS)

MAGLEV TRAINS:Electromagnetic Suspension

Electromagnets are attached to the train.Has ferromagnetic stators on the track to

levitate the train. Has guidance magnets on the sides.A computer changes the amount of

current to keep the train 1 cm from the track.

Has on-board battery power supply.

MAGLEV TRAINS(CONTINUED) Electromagnetic Suspension

Germany’s TRANSRAPID use this technology

MAGLEV TRAINS(CONTINUED)

Electrodynamics Suspension

Super cooled superconductors under the train levitate about 10 cm.

The force in the track is created by induced magnetic field in wires or conducting strips in the track.

Naturally stable.It Requires no feedback.

Requires retractable wheels at low speed.

MAGLEV TRAINS(CONTINUED) Electrodynamic Suspension

Japan's MLX01 maglev train

MAGLEC TRAINS(CONTINUED)Braking is accomplished by sending an

alternating current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by attractive and repulsive forces.

Gap SensorThe attractive force is controlled by a gap

sensor that measures the distance between the rails and electromagnets.

MAGLEV TRAINS(CONTINUED)Comparison with Ordinary Trains

Less polluting. uses 30% less energy. Require no engine. Move faster. Safer. No fuel required. Incompatible with existing rail lines. Initial cost is very high ($20-$40 million per mile).

MAGLEV WIND TURBINES:

Operate on the repulsion characteristics of permanent magnets.

The vertical axis wind turbine platform floats on a magnetic cushion with the aid of a permanent magnet suspension.

This technology eliminates nearly all friction and delivers maximum wind energy to the downstream linear generator.

The efficiency of turbine is increased by replacing the bearings by magnets as the magnetic levitation helps the turbine to spin at a much faster rate.

MAGLEV WIND TURBINE(COND.) Advantages of Maglev Wind Turbines:

A massive tower structure is not required, as they are mounted closer to the ground.

They are located closer to the ground and hence easier to maintain.Require no lubrication.Capable of generating power from wind speeds as low as 1.5 m/s.Produce 20% more energy than a conventional turbine in the same

time.Decrease operational costs by 50%.

MAGLEV SPACE PROPULSION:

A Maglev launch system use magnetic fields to levitate and accelerate a vehicle along a track at speeds up to 600 mph.

MAGLEV BEARING:

A magnetic bearing is a bearing which supports a load using magnetic levitation.

Magnetic bearings support moving machinery without physical contact, for example, they can levitate a rotating shaft and permit relative motion with very low friction and no mechanical wear.

CONCLUSION:

Magnetic levitation is an exciting technology with the potential to change the world. Its applications are far ranging from transportation to household fixtures and decorations. While the technology is currently expensive to implement, its potential merits continued research. In the future cost-effective and practical applications of magnetic levitation will change the dynamics of business and life.

REFERENCES:

1. http://www.howstuffworks.com/2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_levitation3. MAGLEV WIND TURBINE- Kiryan S.S. Scientific

supervisor– Associate Professor Gavrilina L.E. Siberian Federal University.

4. Review of Maglev Train Technologies- Hyung-Woo Lee , Ki-Chan Kim and Ju Lee

THANK YOU…!!!