Radio Frequency Radio Frequency IdentificationIdentification

Deepankar MishraDeepankar MishraEN BranchEN Branch

deepankar07@gmail.comdeepankar07@gmail.com

Presentation OutlinePresentation OutlineTo Educate and Inform

You

1. About RFID system

2.Key Components

3.How does RFID works

4.Why RFID

6.Problems

Brief HistoryBrief HistoryRFID (Radio Frequency Identifier) an Auto-ID data RFID (Radio Frequency Identifier) an Auto-ID data collection system surveillance, using RF waves for collection system surveillance, using RF waves for Identifying, Tracking and doing Management of Identifying, Tracking and doing Management of material flow. material flow.

Invented and used from (Early 1940’s)

Commercial Operation begun from 1960’s …

In 1970s developers, inventors, companies, academic institution and government sectors were actively worked on RFID

What is RFID systemWhat is RFID system

RFID is an RFID is an acronym for acronym for radio frequency radio frequency identificationidentification. . Briefly the Briefly the RF RF stand for “stand for “radio-radio-frequencyfrequency” and ” and IDID means means ““identifieridentifier” that ” that allows an item, allows an item, for instance a for instance a library book, to library book, to be identified, be identified, accessed, stored, accessed, stored, reprogrammed reprogrammed and and communicated communicated by using radio by using radio waves waves

Automatically identify objects

An AUTO-ID based System

Non-Line-Sight Communication

Key Key ComponentsComponents

TAGS

(Transponder)

READER

(Transceiver)

MIDDLEWARE

(PC)

TAGSTAGSPaper thin 2X2inch in size.

Read only/Read & Writable

Storage capacity of 2KB data that contain 96bits serial number.

RFID (Radio-Frequency Identication)

TAGS takes many forms…

TagsTags

Basic Types:Basic Types:ActiveActive

Tag transmits radio signalTag transmits radio signalBattery powered memory, radio & Battery powered memory, radio &

circuitrycircuitryHigh Read Range (300 feet)High Read Range (300 feet)

PassivePassiveTag reflects radio signal from readerTag reflects radio signal from readerReader poweredReader poweredShorter Read Range (4 inches - 15 Shorter Read Range (4 inches - 15

feet)feet)

READER A device that is used to interrogate an Tag.

Basic components are

A scanning Antenna

A transceiver with a decoder to interpret data

helps in personalize & read data.

MIDDLE WAREMIDDLE WARE

Provide reader connectivity to other systems on the network.

Translate data and transmit to its other application

How does RFID works

RFID-READER RFID-TAG

PERSONALIZER (Application Device)

DATA FLOW

RF COUPLING

Time

Energy

Up-to-date

Fig.1. Items personalized model by Deepankar for RFID system

PC

Basic RFID SystemBasic RFID System

How does RFID worksTransceiver-Transponder Transceiver-Transponder

Coupling and CommunicationCoupling and Communication

Passive tags obtain power Passive tags obtain power from energy in EM field from energy in EM field generated by readergenerated by reader

RFID OperationRFID Operation

Sequence of CommunicationSequence of Communication• Host Manages Reader(s) and Issues Commands• Reader and tag communicate via RF signal• Carrier signal generated by the reader (upon request from the

host application)• Carrier signal sent out through the antennas• Carrier signal hits tag(s)• Tag receives and modifies carrier signal• Antennas receive the modulated signal and send them to the

Reader• Reader decodes the data

– Results returned to the host application

RFIDRFID

Radio Frequency Identification Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)(RFID)

ApplicationsApplications

Portal Portal ApplicationsApplications

Bill of LadingMaterial Tracking

Conveyor / Assembly Conveyor / Assembly LineLine

Read / Write OperationsHigher Accuracy than Bar Code

Why RFID

I. Barcode Vs RFID

Barcode Vs RFID

ProblemsProblems

Singulation Singulation is the process by which a is the process by which a reader identifies a particular tag. This reader identifies a particular tag. This capability is critical whenever multiple capability is critical whenever multiple tags are in close proximity. For instance, tags are in close proximity. For instance, when a reader issues a command to when a reader issues a command to modify a tag’s memory, neighboring tags modify a tag’s memory, neighboring tags should not accidentally execute the same should not accidentally execute the same command. Similarly, when a reader sends command. Similarly, when a reader sends a query to a tag, the reader should not a query to a tag, the reader should not receive a response from multiple tagsreceive a response from multiple tags. .

THANK THANK “YOU”“YOU”