International Solar Energy

Arena – STEAM

Ulrich Zachau

The World Bank

January 23, 2009

Renewable Energy: A Major Opportunity

Solar Energy in Turkey

Energy Growth in Turkey

Turkey's Primary Energy Growth 1990-2008

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1990 1995 2000 2005 2006 2007(F) 2008 (F)

mto

e

Oil Gas Coal & Lignite Renewable

Fossil

Fuels –

91%

High Fossil Fuel Use Drives

Turkey’s GHG Emissions …

LUCF – Land Use Change and Forestry

Energy

77%

...and High GHG Emissions Growth

LULUCF – Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry

Changes in GHG Emissions without LULUCF (%) - 1990-2006

-60 -35 -10 15 40 65 90

Turkey

Portugal

European Community

UK

Poland

Romania

... and High Energy Import Dependency

Opportunity: Turkey Can Scale Up

Renewable Energy Dramatically

Solar Power:

Huge Global Potential, Largely Uncharted

Total Solar energy potential:

120,000 TW

Global energy demand: 15

TW

Total Current Solar Energy

Capacity: 0.009 TW

Solar Power: Both PV and CSP

Applications Have Potential

Conventional PV Solar for

Residential Water Heating

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP)

Parabolic Troughs – Nevada USASolar Power Tower – Seville, Spain

Solar PV – Serpa, Portugal

Global Solar Energy Use:

Small, but Growing Rapidly…

Most favorable areas for

CSP

Turkey: High Solar Energy Potential …

… though Costs are Still High

Capital cost of various technologies - 2005 (US$/

kW)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

Solar PV CSP Hydro Wind Coal Combined

Cycle Gas

Commercial viability requires still high tariffs (US cents

30-40/ kWh) – which will fall as technology advances

Enabling Environment for Private

Solar Power Investment in Turkey

• Basic Framework in Place:

– Renewable Energy Law – feed-in tariff system,

assured purchase arrangements

– Regulatory framework

• Some Possible Next Steps:

– Higher feed-in tariffs

– Concessional finance

– Clear and transparent framework for licensing,

evaluation methodology etc.

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