REGION I - ILOCOS

Reporters: Adamos, Lubiano, and Atienza

REGIONAL

PROFILE

ILOCOS REGION Region I referred to as the Ilocos Region

mainly because it is home to a majority of Ilokanos and the seat of the Ilokano culture, heritage and language.

There are two distinct versions as to were the word “Ilocos” originated. In Isabelo de los Reyes ‘Historia de Ilocos’ (1885), he said that it evolved from the word “ilog” (river).

Ilocos means “people in the river”, very much like the Tagalog’s “taga-ilog” which referred to the early settler’s living along riverbanks.

• Among the highest mountains in the region are: Mount Sicapoo (2,360m), Mount Malaya (2,352m), and Mount burnay (2, 115m).

• Total land area of Region I: 13,013 square kilometers.

• Several offshore Islands belong to the region, the largest of which are Anda and Santiago, including renowned cluster of Islands and islets known as Hundred Islands.

• Ilocos drained by Laoag, Abra, Amburayan, Agno, Alaminos, and Balincaguin Rivers.

Several modern presidents of the Republic of the Philippines hailed from the Region: Elpidio Quirino, Ferdinand Marcos, and Fidel V. Ramos.

Before the formation of the Cordillera Administrative Region, Region 1 also included the provinces of Abra, Mountain Province, and Benguet. Before Region 1 was modified by Ferdinand Marcos, Pangasinan was not part of the region

• The dialect or language that is use in this region are Ilocano and Pangasinense.• Tagalog and English are the

medium of instruction in schools.• Ilocano is widely used by the

majority people while Pangasinense is spoken in the central towns of Pangasinan.

LANGUAGES

• Ilocano• Pangasinan• Bolinao• Tagalog• English

TOTAL AREA: 13,055 KM2 (5,040.6 SQ MI)

Population (2007)  • Total 4,545,906 •  Density 348.2/km2 (901.9/sq mi)

• Located in the northwest of Luzon.• It Administrative Region

and Cagayan Valley borders to the east the regions of the Cordillera and to the south the region of Central Luzon.• To the west north is the South China

Sea, otherwise known as the West Philippine Sea.• Region I occupies the narrow plain

between the Cordillera Central mountain range and the South China Sea.

LOCATION

• Occupies the northern portion of the Central Luzon plain, to the north-east of the Zambales Mountains.

• Lingayen Gulf is the most notable body of water in the region and it contains a number of islands, including the Hundred Islands National Park.

•  To the north of the region is Luzon Strait.

• The Agno river runs through Pangasinan and empties into the Lingayen Gulf. The river flow into a broad delta in the vicinity of Lingayen and Dagupan City.

HISTORY

- Aboriginal tribes (22,000 years ago)- Malays (Christian era – 13th century)- Engaged trade with Japanese,

Chinese and Arabs (around 13th century)

Emperor Yung Lo, of Ming

Dynasty (A.D. 1402-1424)

- Puerto de Japon

- Martin de Golti (1571)- Juan Salcedo (1572)- Villa Fernandina (3rd of the earliest

Spanish settlements to be named cities after Cebu and Manila)

- Provincia de Ilocos- Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

- Pangasinan was created a province (1580)

- Founded the town of Bacnotan (1590)

Dagupan (1720)

EARLIEST TOWNS OF ILOCOS FOUNDED BY THE SPANISH REGIME:

- Magsingal (1676)- Santa (1713)- Lapog(now San Juan) and Cabugao (1722)- Sto. Domingo (1742)- Sta. Maria (1760)- San Ildefonso (1769)- Sta. Catalina and San Vicente (1795)- and Caoayan (1825)

LIST OF REVOLTS AGAINST SPANISH DOMINATION AND ABUSES:

- Dingras Revolt (1587)- Mallong Rebellion (1660)- Pedro Almazon Revolt (1661)- Diego Silang Rebellion (1762-63)- Juan de la Cruz Palaris Revolt (1762)- Laoag Uprising (1782)- Basi or Ambaristo Revolt (1807)- and many others

FEBRUARY 2, 1818

ILOCOS

Ilocos Norte Ilocos Sur- Abra- Northern part of La Union- Lepanto in the old Mt. Province

BUT, IN 1846

- ABRA was detached from Ilocos Sur

with LEPANTO as its subprovince.

MARCH 2, 1850

- Northern coastal towns from Agoo to Bacnotan were severed from Pangasinan and merged with the southern part of Ilocos Sur TO FORM the present province of LA UNION.

1874

- Pangasinan’s territory was further reduced when three of its southern towns were carved out to form part of the new province of Tarlac

MARCH 25, 1898

- A group of rebels led by Frederico Isabela Abaya (Kapitan Belong) seized the town of Candon, Ilocos Norte and revolted against Spanish rule.

= “IKKIS TI CANDON” (Cry of Candon)

1901

Gregorio del Pilar Tirad Pass

- American civil government was established in the region

1899

- Aguinaldo transferred the seat Philippine First Republic to various provinces in Central Luzon and finally to Bayambang, Pangasinan where he disbands his army and organized guerilla units to escape pursuing Americans.

JANUARY 9, 1945

American Liberation Forces also landed on Lingayen

Gulf.

MARCH 10, 1917

- The Ilocos provinces were organized as such by the virtue of Act 2711

DURING WORLD WAR II- Ilocos region thrown to historical

limelight when the Japanese landed at Lingayen Gulf on December 21, 1941.

Ilocos Region was officially established under PD No. 742 or the Recognition Plan with the province of Abra, Benguet and Mt. Province including its territories. However, with the creation of autonomous region of Cordilleras through RA 6766 and a plebiscite on January 30, 1990, the said provinces were severed from Region I, leaving it with the present four provinces which comprise its territory.

LAND AREA (sq.km.)

13,013

DEMOGRAPHYPopulation (2008): 4,974,000Population density/sq. km.: 1.10%Male Population: 2,498, 200Female Population: 2,475,800Female-Male Ratio: 1: 1.009No. of Families(2006): 947

LOCAL GOVERNMENT

No. of Cities: 9No. of Municipalities: 116

No. of Brgys.: 3,265No. of Provinces: 4

EDUCATION (SY 2006-2007)

Literacy (In percent):Male: 88.1Female: 89.2

No. of Schools:Elementary: 2,453Secondary: 450

No. of Teachers:Elementary: 21,078Secondary: 8,573

Enrolment:Elementary: 607,670Secondary: 294, 960

Teacher-student ratio:Elementary: 1:29Secondary: 1:34

ECONOMY

MAJOR INDUSTRIES Farming Fishing

•Pangasinan alone produces more than a half of Region 1’s rice output .•Ilocos Region is basically a tobacco country. Ilocos Sur has the largest area in region and perhaps in the country for tobacco production .•The region also yield a sizeable amount of corn, garlic, sugarcane, cotton, cassava, onion, vegetables and fruits, such as grapes which are extensively grown in Bauang, La Union.

•Pangasinan has the largest volume of fish catch in the region and has extensive fishponds near its coasts for bangus, prawn and oyster cultivation. It is also knownfor its salt-making, bagoong (fish salt) and shrimp paste industry.•Cottage Industries abound in the region and become an income –generatingenterprise for families.

•The vast Lingayen Gulf is a rich fishing grounds especially for La Union and Pangasinan.

•Most notable of these is the region’s cotton cloth-weaving industry , known traditionally as “Abel Iloko”.

•Basi-making industry which is derived from fermented sugar cane juice.

•Tourism is fast catching up as a source of livelihood due to the region’s fine beaches, scenic mountain and sea vistas and historical landmarks which dotted its landscape.

Paoay ChurchPaoay, Ilocos Norte

Mount BalungaoBalungao, Pangasinan

Kapurpurawan Rock FormationBurgos, Ilocos Norte

Juan Luna Shrine

Badoc, Ilocos Norte

Sinking Bell TowerLaoag City

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING GOD BLESS