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From imagination to impact
The Internet of Things and the Future of the Digital Economy
Recasting the Net
David Skellern
Plan
• The information and communication technology revolution• NICTA’s Digital Economy Framework & research
examples– Broadband infrastructure– Smart devices– Digital services– Content & Applications
• The Future – the Internet of Things– RFID catering– Intelligent transport systems and traffic control
• Social issues
The Past – the Technological Revolution
•Computers and dedicated terminals with static applications•Evolution to network connected – private network; internet
The Internet
• eMail and file transfer• WWW - web browsers
initially feeding information search engines fuelled growthweb-enabled e-Commerce
More Technological Revolution – widespread embedding of computers in “smart” things
Web 2.0: personal networks; self-organising communities
Web 2.0: user content; wisdom of crowds
Web 2.0: Mashups
Web 2.0
• Dynamic, sharing and interaction• Increasingly information tagged with “meaning” (semantics)
Mobile Internet
• Mobile Internet represents a new computing cycle– Mainframe Minicomputer PC PC Internet Mobile Internet
• Uses for the Mobile Internet platform include numerous potentialkiller applications:– email…SMS…web access…search…music…video…camera…news …
blogs…games…maps…navigation…location-based services…social networking…
• Why? – handsets becoming small functional computers– cheaper / faster / more storage– more content– better user-interfaces– faster networks
(eg 3G: iSuppli estimates ~750 million users in 2009 )• Consumers spending billions on mobile content
Source: Morgan Stanley Research
Apple Changed Mobile Gamei – NOT – A - Phone
Source: Apple via Morgan Stanley
Web 3.0
The apps are relatively small, the data is in the cloud, the apps can run on any device (PC or mobile), the apps are very fast and very customizable, and are distributed virally (social networks, email, etc).
– Eric Schmidt, CEO of Google
Economic impact
About NICTA
NICTA• National ICT Research
Centre of Excellence• Not-for-profit Company• ~710 people in 5 Labs
- ~430 staff- ~280 PhD students
Recruit commercial and research staff from Australian
and global communities
Seven university joint venture partners
contribute researchers and students
R&D partnerships for competitive products & services
IP licensed to industry, including spinouts
Advanced ICT skills
NICTA Founders & Partners
(2003) (2004) (2005)(2002)
Applications & Content
Smart Devices
inventing next generation Internet infrastructure
Research for the Digital Economy
bringing everyday services to the Digital Economy
devices delivering reliable data for the Digital Economy
Digital Services
Broadband Infrastructure
Applications bringing together content and services, securely over the broadband network
enabling new applications in the Digital Economy
Smar
t D
evic
es
inventing next generation Internet infrastructure
Research for the Digital Economy
• Human body monitoring for sport and medicine• Building confidence through mobile security - already in over 250 million mobile phones
• Content compression for mobile devices
devices delivering reliable data for the Digital Economy
Bro
adba
nd
Infr
astr
uctu
re • Increasing capacity and reliability of the existing Internet backbone• Creating the next generation Internet with European and US researchers
• Increasing wireless Internet capacity outdoors• Developing wireless for home high-definition entertainment
Applications bringing together content and services, securely over the broadband network
App
licat
ions
&
Con
tent
bringing everyday services to the Digital EconomyD
igita
l Se
rvic
es
Fast and scalable social networkingRemote office applicationsAutomatic update of in-car navigation systemsEfficient movement of goods
Personalised medicineLocation aware media distributionMore crop for less waterDigital conveyancing and mortgages
enabling new applications in the Digital Economy
NICTA
GENERIC DIGITAL ENABLERS eg• Context/Location • SOA• Security • Optimisation• Mobility
• Search• Cognitive • Systems• Collaboration• Cloud/Virtualisation (computing, storage …)
SECTOR SPECIFIC eg• transport, health, water, logistics, eGov, emergency, enterprise …
Broadband Infrastructure
Broadband infrastructure
Experimental Platform(s)
ResultsExperimentDescription
Con
trol
Mea
sure
Deploy & Configure
Sydney, Australia New Brunswick, USA
Broadband Infrastructure
802.16 802.11p
L2 overAARNet/Internet2
L2 overAARNet/Internet2802.16 802.11p
Smar
t D
evic
es
inventing next generation Internet infrastructure
Research for the Digital Economy
• Human body monitoring for sport and medicine• Building confidence through mobile security - already in over 250 million mobile phones
• Content compression for mobile devices
devices delivering reliable data for the Digital Economy
Bro
adba
nd
Infr
astr
uctu
reApplications bringing together content and services, securely over the broadband network
• Increasing capacity and reliability of the existing Internet backbone• Creating the next generation Internet with European and US researchers
• Increasing wireless Internet capacity outdoors• Developing wireless for home high-definition entertainment
App
licat
ions
&
Con
tent
bringing everyday services to the Digital EconomyD
igita
l Se
rvic
es
Fast and scalable social networkingRemote office applicationsAutomatic update of in-car navigation systemsEfficient movement of goods
Personalised medicineLocation aware media distributionMore crop for less waterDigital conveyancing and mortgages
enabling new applications in the Digital Economy
NICTA
GENERIC DIGITAL ENABLERS eg• Context/Location • SOA• Security • Optimisation• Mobility
• Search• Cognitive • Systems• Collaboration• Cloud/Virtualisation (computing, storage …)
SECTOR SPECIFIC eg• transport, health, water, logistics, eGov, emergency, enterprise …
Smart devices
mContext
Smar
t D
evic
es
inventing next generation Internet infrastructure
Research for the Digital Economy
bringing everyday services to the Digital Economy
• Human body monitoring for sport and medicine• Building confidence through mobile security - already in over 250 million mobile phones
• Content compression for mobile devices
devices delivering reliable data for the Digital Economy
Dig
ital
Serv
ices
Bro
adba
nd
Infr
astr
uctu
reApplications bringing together content and services, securely over the broadband network
• Increasing capacity and reliability of the existing Internet backbone• Creating the next generation Internet with European and US researchers
• Increasing wireless Internet capacity outdoors• Developing wireless for home high-definition entertainment
App
licat
ions
&
Con
tent Fast and scalable social networking
Remote office applicationsAutomatic update of in-car navigation systemsEfficient movement of goods
Personalised medicineLocation aware media distributionMore crop for less waterDigital conveyancing and mortgages
enabling new applications in the Digital Economy
NICTA
GENERIC DIGITAL ENABLERS eg• Context/Location • SOA• Security • Optimisation• Mobility
• Search• Cognitive • Systems• Collaboration• Cloud/Virtualisation (computing, storage …)
SECTOR SPECIFIC eg• transport, health, water, logistics, eGov, emergency, enterprise …
Lending Industry Example
LIXI Valuations Reference Implementation
Internet
LenderBPEL engine
Valuation request
Backchannel
Valuation report
Internal Workflow
• Task Mgt•Applications
Internal Workflow
• Task Mgt•Applications
ValuerBPEL engine
App
licat
ions
&
Con
tent
Smar
t D
evic
es
inventing next generation Internet infrastructure
Research for the Digital Economy
bringing everyday services to the Digital Economy
• Human body monitoring for sport and medicine• Building confidence through mobile security - already in over 250 million mobile phones
• Content compression for mobile devices
devices delivering reliable data for the Digital Economy
Dig
ital
Serv
ices
Bro
adba
nd
Infr
astr
uctu
re • Increasing capacity and reliability of the existing Internet backbone• Creating the next generation Internet with EU and US researchers• Increasing wireless Internet capacity outdoors• Developing wireless for home high-definition entertainment
Fast and scalable social networkingRemote office applicationsAutomatic update of in-car navigation systemsEfficient movement of goods
Applications bringing together content and services, securely over the broadband network
Personalised medicineLocation aware media distributionMore crop for less waterDigital conveyancing and mortgages
enabling new applications in the Digital Economy
NICTA
GENERIC DIGITAL ENABLERS eg• Context/Location • SOA• Security • Optimisation• Mobility
• Search• Cognitive • Systems• Collaboration• Cloud/Virtualisation (computing, storage …)
SECTOR SPECIFIC eg• transport, health, water, logistics, eGov, emergency, enterprise …
Digital Mortgages & Conveyancing
LIXI
Digital Applications
eTax, eHealth, …
e-Everything
ePASA (e-Government Performance Assessment for Service Architectures) Technology
• New e-Service to Citizens or Business is developed
• Incorporate legacy with new services
• Consume external services• Distributed and heterogeneous
collections of sub-systems developed at different periods of time and by different vendors
• Unknown demand on system• Unknown capacity of system• Potential for “meltdown” at
service switch-on
Performance of Service Architectures and the CIO’s fear of the “meltdown” scenario
ePASA Modelling and Simulation Tool
Service Oriented Performance Modelling
1. Architecture Description2. Business Loads
3. Calibration Data/Assumptions
Inputs to the Model
Model
Sim
ulatio
nAnalysis
Re-Des
ign
Will it Scale?
Where is the Bottleneck?
New Architecture Options are identified
ePASA Performance Model
ePASA Behaviour Prediction
Smar
t D
evic
es
inventing next generation Internet infrastructure
Research for the Digital Economy
• Human body monitoring for sport and medicine• Building confidence through mobile security - already in over 250 million mobile phones
• Content compression for mobile devices
devices delivering reliable data for the Digital Economy
Bro
adba
nd
Infr
astr
uctu
re • Increasing capacity and reliability of the existing Internet backbone• Creating the next generation Internet with European and US researchers
• Increasing wireless Internet capacity outdoors• Developing wireless for home high-definition entertainment
Applications bringing together content and services, securely over the broadband network
App
licat
ions
&
Con
tent
bringing everyday services to the Digital EconomyD
igita
l Se
rvic
es
Fast and scalable social networkingRemote office applicationsAutomatic update of in-car navigation systemsEfficient movement of goods
Personalised medicineLocation aware media distributionMore crop for less waterDigital conveyancing and mortgages
enabling new applications in the Digital Economy
NICTA
GENERIC DIGITAL ENABLERS eg• Context/Location • SOA• Security • Optimisation• Mobility
• Search• Cognitive • Systems• Collaboration• Cloud/Virtualisation (computing, storage …)
SECTOR SPECIFIC eg• transport, health, water, logistics, eGov, emergency, enterprise …
The Future: The Internet of Things
• Always on communications promises a world of networked and interconnected devices
• Objects will either directly hold and deliver relevant information or will be tagged with an identifier that points to a register of information about them
• Some objects will be able to be controlled
RFID and Sensors
RFID catering
RFID catering
RFID and Sensors
RFID and Sensors
RFID and Sensors
RFID and Sensors
RFID and Sensors
RFID and Sensors
RFID and Sensors
RTA
• Roads and Traffic Authority of NSW– 25,000km roads– 3410 traffic signals– 4867 bridges
• Developer of SCATS– 30+ years– 130 cities worldwide, 29 countries– 3500+ signalised junctions
in NSW
Our 2020 Vision
A significant and measurable
reduction in thetotal social cost attributable to congestion.
A significant and measurable
reduction in thetotal social cost attributable to congestion.
If nothing is done, the total avoidable social cost of congestion in Australia will exceed $20bn per annum by 2020”
– BTRE 2007And that’s about 1% of GDP!!! (…and that’s reflected world-wide)
A new, better informed Traffic Management
Infrastructure
+Better decision support
and incident management
Intelligent Transport Systems
Active Traffic Management
Smart Sensing
• Data Fusion ++• Invariant feature detection
• Headlights• Windscreens• Edges• …
• Shadow/reflection removal• Low camera height
Classification, flows, speeds, queue lengths, incidents with occlusion in extreme conditions (weather/light)
Control Optimisation
loop detectors,cameras, etc
Control actions(switch lights)
Actuators
Sensors
Dynamic Traffic Model
Smart Intersection Control
Optimise Control Plan
Albion Park Test Bed
• Major intersection of Pacific Hwy and Illawarra Hwy
• Currently roundabout controlled• Grid-lock in AM and PM peak hours • All day grid-lock in
vacations • Problem caused greater
traffic flows than original design scenario
• Installed signals…now…• Further opportunities for
efficiency.
Cameras at Albion Park
Albion Park Test Bed
Entire Transport System Design & OptimizationExample: For Technologically and Economically Developed Countries• Optimizing the control of vehicles, traffic & infrastructure
to:– Minimize – fuel intake, emissions, traffic impact on infrastructure costs– Maximize – static & dynamic safety, energy conversion efficiency – Guarantee – sustainability of energy use and impact on global climate
change
Social Issues
• Orwell’s 1984 or “Big brother”
• Privacy and security
From imagination to impact