Readers guide sw his documents v2

HP IIIndian Hydrology Project

Technical Assistance(Implementation Support) and

Management Consultancy

Readers’ Guide: Surface Water HIS Documents

April 2013

Hydrological Information System March 2013

Readers’ Guide: Surface Water HIS DocumentsHelen Houghton-Carr (editor)

Issue and Revision Record

Rev Date Originator Checker Approver Description0 09/04/13 HAHC Draft for comment1 Revised draft for comment2 Final draft for comment3 Final

HP IILast Updated: 18/02/2014 06:04Filename: Readers Guide SW HIS Documents.docx


Contents

Contents iGlossary ii

1. General 1

2. HIS Manual Surface Water 32.1 Structure of the volumes2.2 Overview of the contents2.3 Other manuals

344

3. Surface Water Training Modules 73.1 Overview of the modules3.2 Other training modules3.3 “Training of trainers” training modules

799

4. Other documents 134.1 Additional guides4.2 Technical papers

18v

5. What’s new in HPII? 21

Annex I HIS Manual Surface Water authorsAnnex II Summary of distribution of hard copy of HIS Manual Surface Water

2629


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Glossary

ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current ProfilerARG Autographic Rain GaugeBBMB Bhakra-Beas Management BoardCGWB Central Ground Water BoardCPCB Central Pollution Control BoardCWC Central Water CommissionCWPRS Central Water and Power Research StationDiv DivisionDPC Data Processing CentreDSC Data Storage CentreDWLR Digital Water Level Recordere-GEMS Web-based Groundwater Estimation and Management Systeme-SWIS Web-based Surface Water Information SystemFCS Full Climate StationGEMS Groundwater Estimation and Management SystemGW GroundwaterGWDES Ground Water Data Entry SystemGWIS Groundwater Information SystemHDUG Hydrological Data User GroupHIS Hydrological Information SystemHP Hydrology project (HPI Phase I, HPII Phase II)IMD India Meteorological DepartmentLab LaboratoryMoWR Ministry of Water ResourcesNIH National Institute of HydrologySRG Standard Rain GaugeStat StationSub-Div Sub-DivisionSW Surface WaterSWDES Surface Water Data Entry SystemTBR Tipping Bucket RaingaugeToR Terms of ReferenceWISDOM Water Information System Data Online ManagementWQ Water Quality


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1. General

The Hydrological Information System (HIS) provides information on the spatial and temporal characteristics of water quantity and quality variables describing the water resources/water use system in Indian States and Agencies participating in the Hydrology Project (see Table below). The information is tuned to the requirements of the decision/policy makers, designers and researchers to provide evidence to inform decisions on long-term planning, and to design or study the water resources system at large or its components.

Phase I (1996-2003) Phase II (2006-2014)States States

Andhra Pradesh Andhra PradeshChhattisgarh Chhattisgarh

GoaGujurat Gujurat

Himachal PradeshKerala KeralaKarnataka KarnatakaMadhya Pradesh Madhya PradeshMaharastra MaharastraOrissa Orissa

PondicherryPunjab

Tamil Nadu Tamil NaduAgencies Agencies

Bhakra-Beas Management Board (BBMB)Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) Central Ground Water Board (CGWB)

Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB)Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS)

Central Water and Power Research Station (CWPRS)

Central Water Commission (CWC) Central Water Commission (CWC)Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR) Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR)National Institute of Hydrology (NIH) National Institute of Hydrology (NIH)

Hydrology Project Phase I (HPI) generated many hundreds of documents to assist staff working in observation networks, laboratories, data processing and data storage centres and data communication systems to collect, store, process and disseminate hydrometric data and related information. The majority of these documents, particularly those relating to fundamental principles, remain valid through and beyond Phase II (HPII). Some of the guides, manuals and training material relating to Phase I software systems (SWDES, GWDES, HYMOS, GEMS, GWIS/WISDOM) have been naturally superseded as replacement Phase II systems (e-SWIS, e-GEMS) become active.

This guide aims to help HIS users locate and understand documents relevant to Surface Water (stage-discharge, hydro-meteorology and water quality) in the document library available on the Hydrology Project website http://hydrology-project.gov.in/ through the Guides and Manuals webpage. The primary reference source is the HIS Manual Surface Water (Chapter 2). The hydrometry and data management contents of the Manual are incorporated in the Surface Water Training Modules of the Hydrology Project (Chapter 3); water quality training is dealt with separately (see equivalent Readers’ Guide for Water Quality HIS). Additional guides and technical


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http://hydrology-project.gov.in/


papers on surface water that may be of wider interest are also included (Chapter 4). Chapter 5 lists new Surface Water documents added during HPII.


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2. HIS Manual Surface Water

The HIS Manual Surface Water describes the procedures to be used to arrive at a sound operation of the HIS as far as hydro-meteorological and surface water quantity and quality data are concerned. The HIS Manual Surface Water consists of ten volumes, including:

Volume 1: Hydrological Information System: a general introduction to the HIS, its structure, HIS job descriptions, Hydrological Data User Group (HDUG) organisation and user data needs assessment.

Volume 2: Sampling Principles: units, principles of sampling in time and space and sampling error theory.

Volume 3: Hydro-meteorology: network design, implementation, operation and maintenance.

Volume 4: Hydrometry: network design, implementation, operation and maintenance.

Volume 5: Sediment transport measurements: network design, implementation and operation.

Volume 6: Water Quality sampling: network design, implementation, operation and maintenance.

Volume 7: Water Quality analysis: laboratory procedures.

Volume 8: Data processing and analysis: specification of procedures for Data Processing Centres (DPCs).

Volume 9: Data transfer, storage, and dissemination: design and specification of procedures in the Data Storage Centres (DSCs).

Volume 10: Surface Water protocols: outline of protocols for data collection, entry, validation and processing, communication, inter agency validation, data storage and dissemination, HIS training and management.

2.1 Structure of the volumes

A volume of the HIS Manual Surface Water contains one or more of the following manuals, depending on the topic:

Design Manual Field Manual Operation Manual Reference Manual

The Design Manual provides the procedures for the design activities to be carried out for the implementation and further development of the HIS. To arrive at a structured approach in developing the HIS, in the Volumes 3 to 6, where the sampling of hydro-meteorological, hydrological, sediment transport and water quality variables is dealt with, the following general chapter sequence is maintained:

Chapter Content Chapter Content1 Introduction, definitions and units 5 Measuring frequency2 Description of the relevant

processes6 Measurement techniques


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3 Network design and optimisation 7 Equipment specification4 Site selection 8 Station design and construction

The Field Manual and Operation Manual are instruction books, describing in detail the activities to be carried out in the field (station operation, maintenance and calibration), at the laboratory (analysis), and at the Data Processing Centres (data entry, validation, processing and analysis) and Data Storage Centres (data transfer, storage and dissemination). Each Field/Operation Manual is divided into a number of parts. Each part describes a distinct activity at a particular field station, laboratory or processing/storage centre.

The Reference Manual of a particular Volume includes additional or background information on topics dealt with or deliberately omitted in the Design, Field and Operation Manuals.

2.2 Overview of the contents

The manuals included in the ten volumes of the HIS Manual Surface Water are listed below:

Volume 1: Hydrological Information System Design Manual Field Manual

Part I: Job description Part II: Terms of Reference for HDUG Part III: Data needs assessment

Reference Manual

Volume 2: Sampling Principles Design Manual Reference Manual

Volume 3: Hydro-meteorology Design Manual Field Manual

Part I: Network design and site selection Part II: Standard raingauge station (SRG) operation and maintenance Part III: Automatic raingauge station (ARG or TBR and SRG) operation and

maintenance Part IV: Full climatic station (FCS) operation and maintenance Part V: Field inspections, audits, maintenance and calibration

Reference Manual

Volume 4: Hydrometry Design Manual Field Manual

Part I: Network design and site selection Part II: River stage observation Part III: Float measurements Part IV: Current meter gauging Part V: Field application of ADCP Part VI: Slope-area method Part VII: Field inspection and audits Part VIII: Maintenance and calibration

Reference Manual


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Volume 5: Sediment transport measurements Design Manual Field Manual Reference Manual

Volume 6: Water Quality sampling Design Manual Field Manual

Volume 7: Water Quality analysis Design Manual Operation Manual

Volume 8: Data processing and analysis Operation Manual

Part I: Data entry and primary validation Part II: Secondary validation Part III: Final processing and analysis Part IV: Data management

Volume 9: Data transfer, storage, and dissemination Design Manual Operation Manual

Volume 10: Surface Water protocols Operation Manual

Data entry forms

A hard copy of the relevant parts should be available for the locations listed in Annex II. For example, a hard copy of Volume 4: “Hydrometry” Field Manual Part IV: “Current meter gauging” should be available at all hydrometric stations where flow measurements with a current meter take place. Similarly, Volume 8: “Data processing and analysis” Operation Manual Part I: “Data entry and primary processing“ should be applied at all Sub-divisional Data Processing Centres.

2.3 Other manuals

Also relevant to Surface Water are the HPI manuals for the SWDES and HYMOS software systems, which will be superseded by e-SWIS in HPII.


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3. Surface Water Training Modules

The Surface Water training modules can be divided into three groups:

Stage-discharge: relating to the entry, primary and secondary validation, manipulation, analysis and reporting of water level and flow data.

Meteorology: relating to the entry, primary and secondary validation, manipulation, analysis and reporting of rainfall and climate data.

Data management: relating to the data processing activities and database management.

Many of these documents refer to Phase I software systems (SWDES, HYMOS), but the underlying principles for data validation and analysis remain valid. The training modules will be updated as the new software system e-SWIS, being developed in Phase II, becomes active.

Water quality training is dealt with separately (see equivalent Readers’ Guide for Water Quality HIS).

3.1 Overview of the modules

The modules of the Surface Water training are listed below:

Topic Module TitleData management

01 HIS Concepts and its setup 02 Understanding SW data processing activities under HIS 03 Understanding SW data processing plan 04 Understanding different types and forms of data in HIS 05 How to receive data at different levels 06 UPDATED – shifted to module 46

Meteorology 07 How to make data entry for rainfall data 08 How to carry out primary validation for rainfall data 09 How to carry out secondary validation of rainfall 10 How to correct and complete rainfall data 11 How to compile rainfall data 12 How to analyse rainfall data 13 How to report on rainfall data 14 DELETED – How to process evaporation data15 How to make data entry for climatic data16 How to carry out primary validation for climatic data17 How to carry out secondary validation of climatic data18 MISSING – How to correct and complete climatic data19 How to analyse climatic data20 How to report on climatic data

Stage-discharge

21 How to make data entry for water level data 22 How to carry out primary validation of water level data 23 How to carry out secondary validation of water level data 24 How to correct and complete water level data 25 DELETED –How to analyse water level data26 MISSING – How to report on water level data27 How to make data entry for flow measurement data 28 How to carry out primary validation of stage 29 How to establish stage discharge rating curve


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30 How to validate rating curve 31 How to extrapolate rating curve 32 How to carry out secondary validation of stage 33 How to report on stage discharge data 34 How to compute discharge data 35 UPDATED – shifted to module 3636 How to carry out secondary validation of discharge data 37 How to do hydrological data validation using regression 38 How to do data validation using hydrological models 39 How to correct and complete discharge data 40 How to Compile Discharge Data 41 How to Analyse Discharge Data 42 How to Report on Discharge Data43* Statistical Analysis with Reference to Rainfall & Discharge Data 44* How to carryout correlation and spectral analysis 45* How to review Monitoring Networks

Data management

46 How to organise data into temporary databases47 How to Work With Map Layers And Network Layers48 How to transfer data between temporary databases 49 How to transfer data from temporary to permanent database 50 How to work with HYMOS in a network environment 51 How to back-up SW data at various DPCs

* Hydrometry modules also relevant to Meteorology

3.2 Other training modules

Also relevant to Surface Water training are:

Stage-discharge: Illustrations – hydrological observations – an illustrative booklet demonstrating how to

make measurements of rainfall, water level and flow at stations, and also how to carry out an inspection at those stations.

How to sample surface waters (Water Quality training module 13) – describing the collection and handling of water quality samples from surface water.

Data management: Basic statistics (Water Quality training module 47) – although designed for hydro-chemists, it

provides a useful introduction to statistical concepts. Applied statistics (Water Quality training module 48) – again, although designed for hydro-

chemists to evaluate the precision and accuracy of results of analyses, it provides a useful presentation of more advanced statistical procedures.

3.3 “Training of trainers” training modules

There are 11 “Training of trainers” surface water modules, primarily relevant to stage-discharge and data management topics, which may be of interest to the more advanced user:

Topic Module TitleData management

HIS SW Training Specifications Training Module for SWDES Trainers Training Module for HYMOS Trainers Course Introduction for HYMOS Trainers


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Stage-discharge

Demarcation & Establishment of Discharge SitesUnderstanding Stage-Discharge Relations How to analyse Stability of Stage-Discharge relations Estimation of discharge by Area-Slope Method Introduction to Advanced Discharge Measurement Investigation & Selection of Hydrological Observation Station Processing of Stream Flow Data

The data management modules will be replaced when the e-SWIS software system becomes active.


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4. Other documents

4.1 Additional guides

Surface Water O&M norms – maintenance guidance for stage-discharge, hydro-meteorology and water quality instrumentation and equipment.

Surface Water Yearbook - a template for a Surface Water Yearbook published at a State level. Entering SW historical data – a paper outlining the proposed approach to the entry of historical

surface water data.

4.2 Technical papers

Telemetry for Flood Forecasting – a paper describing a flood forecasting system in the Brahmani and Baitarani river basins in Orissa (authors unknown).

Towards better management of urban water and wastewater – a paper describing a Delhi case study by SP Chakrabarti, RC Trivedi, DD Basu and N Sateesh Babu.


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5. What’s new in HPII?

5.1 Technical papers on ADCPs

How to measure river discharge using an ADCP - advice on the deployment of ADCPs for determining river discharge. Several different ADCPs from different manufacturers are in operation in India, so the note presents a generic approach to determining a single instantaneous measurement of discharge.

How to process and validate ADCP river discharge measurements - advice on the processing and validation of river discharge measurements obtained using an ADCP. The note presents a generic approach to determining a single instantaneous measurement of discharge as details will vary with the ADCP and the software. Not all of the steps presented will be appropriate to every ADCP, nor will be the actions that can be taken to address any problems that are identified. Hence, this note provides general suggestions about the approach to take, not specific instructions about what to do.

5.2 Technical papers of flow data management (found under General HIS and Data Management)

A set of recent papers published by staff of the UK National River Flow Archive, although on flow data management provide useful guidance on the general principles of hydrometric data management:

The effective management of national hydrometric data: experiences from the UK – by H Dixon, J Hannaford and MJ Fry

Managing national hydrometric data: from data to information – by H Dixon Capitalising on river flow data to meet changing national needs: a UK perspective – by TJ

Marsh Development of a strategic data management system for a national hydrological database: the

UK national river flow archive – by J Hannaford Hydrological data management systems within a national river flow archive – by MJ Fry and O

Swain. Developing best practices for infilling daily river flow data – by CL Harvey, H Dixon and J

Hannaford


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Annex I HIS Manual Surface Water authors

The following staff of the Hydrology Project contributed to the development of the HIS Manual Surface Water:

Name Expertise Contribution to VolumesMr. S.D.S. Abbi Hydro-meteorology 1, 3Mr. D.R. Archer Hydrology 4, 8Prof. E. van Beek Water Resources Management 1Mr. N. Bhat Institution Development 1Mr. B.W.G. Blok Equipment and Information

Technology 1, 3, 4, 5, 9

Mr. P.M.A. Boderie Water Quality 1, 6, 7, 8Mr. S.C. Child Hydrometry 4Mr. H. Chowdhary HIS 1, 8, 10Mr. Y.V. Dharma Rao Hydrometry 1, 4, 5Dr. A.N. Khan Water Quality 6, 7Mr. H.J.M. Ogink HIS 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8Prof. J.J. Peters Sediment Transport 5, 8Mr. S. Sangal Information Technology 9Prof. Dr. R.H. Siddiqi Water Quality 1, 6, 7Dr. R.C. Trivedi Water Quality 6, 7Mrs. M. Villars Water Quality 6, 7, 8

The manuals were processed by the secretarial staff of the Hydrology Project, including Mrs. Sangeeta Ghosh, Mrs. Suveera Ahluwalia and Ms. Urmila Panwar. The structure of the Surface Water Manual was designed by Mr. H.J.M. Ogink.


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Annex II Summary of distribution of hard copy of HIS Manual Surface Water

Volume Manual Part Training State DSC

State DPC

Div DPC

Sub-Div DPC

Station/Lab

1 HIS Design + + + + +Field I Job description + + + + +

II ToR for HDUG + + + +III Data needs assessment + + + +

Reference + + +2 Sampling Principles

Design + + + + +Reference + + +

3 Hydro-meteorology

Design + + + + +Field I Network design & site

selection+ + + + +

II SRG operation & maintenance

+ + + + + 1 SRG

III ARG/TBR/SRG operation & maintenance

+ + + + + 1 ARG

IV FCS operation & maintenance

+ + + + + 1 FCS

V Field inspections, audits, maintenance & calibration

+ + + + +

Reference + + +4 Hydrometry Design + + + + +

Field I Network design & site selection

+ + + + +

II River stage observation + + + + + +III Float measurements + + + + + +IV Current meter gauging + + + + + +V Field application of ADCP + + + (+) + (+)VI Slope-are method + + + + + +VII Field inspection & audits + + + + +VIII Maintenance & calibration + + + + +

Reference + + +5 Sediment Transport

Design + + + + +Field + + + + + +Reference + + +

6 WQ Sampling

Design + + + + +Field + + + + + +

7 WQ Analysis Design + + + +Operation + + + +

8 Data Processing & Analysis

Operation I Data entry & primary validation

+ + + + +

II Secondary validation + + + +III Final processing & analysis + + +IV Data management + + + + +

9 Data Transfer, Storage & Dissemination

Design + + +Operation + + +

10 SW Protocols

Operation + + + + + +Forms + + + + + +


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