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OLEDAs a green solution for displays

By Akash PadhiRegn: 091101516710/04/2023

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Introduction

How OLED works?

Applications

Advantages over other technologies

Challenges

Conclusion

References

Contents

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OLED (organic light-emitting diode) is a display technology for use in mobile devices and televisions. OLED describes a specific type of thin-film display technology in which organic compounds form the electroluminescent material.

INTRODUCTION

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HOW OLED WORKS?• Injects electrons

Cathode

• polyflourene

Emissive Layer

• polyaniline

Conductive Layer

• Removes electrons

Anode

• Clear plastic

Substrate

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HOW OLED WORKS?Voltage applied across cathode and anode• Typically 2v-10v

Current flows from cathode to anode

• Electrons flow to emissive layer• Electrons removed from conductive layer

leaving holes• Holes jump into emissive layer

Electron and hole combine and light emitted

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HOW OLED WORKS?

Different colours• Type of organic molecule in the

emissive layer • 3 molecules used –RGB

Intensity / Brightness• Amount of current

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HOW OLED WORKS?

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Passive Matrix OLEDPerpendicular cathode/anode strip orientation

Light emitted at intersection (pixels)

External circuitry• Turns on/off pixels

Large power consumption

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Active Matrix OLEDFull layers of cathode, anode, organic molecules

Thin Film Transistor matrix (TFT) on top of anode• Internal circuitry to determine which

pixels to turn on/off

Less power consumed then Passive Matrix OLED• Used for larger displays

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Advantages over LEDs & LCDs• Thinner, lighter and more flexible

• Plastic substrates rather then glass

• High resolution (<5um pixel size) and fast switching (1-10um)

• Do not require backlight, light generated

• Low voltage, low power and emissive source

• Robust Design (Plastic Substrate)

• Brighter- good daylight visibility

• Larger viewing angles -170o

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Advantages over LEDs & LCDs

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Advantages over LCDs•The power consumption of the OLED panel is only dependent on the pixels that are lit in the images.

•OLEDs have dynamic power consumption when displaying different images.

•LCD with backlights consumes essentially constant power disregarding the images that are displayed.

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Advantages over LCDs

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APPLICATIONSTransparent OLED

• Only have transparent components (substrate, cathode and anode)

• When turned off, are up to 85 percent as transparent as their substrate.

• When turned on, it allows light to pass in both directions.

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APPLICATIONSFoldable OLED

• substrates made of very flexible metallic foils or plastics.

• Very lightweight and durable reduces breakage.

• Attached to fabrics to create "smart" clothing, such as outdoor survival clothing.

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White OLED

• White OLEDs emit white light that is brighter, more uniform and more energy efficient than that emitted by fluorescent lights.

• It can replace fluorescent lights that are currently used in homes and buildings.

APPLICATIONS

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CHALLENGES• blue organics have much shorter lifetimes

• Expensive

• Susceptible to water

• Overcome multi-billion dollar LCD market

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Conclusions

Expensive

Flexibility and thinness will enable many applications

OLED will replace current LED and LCD technologies

Integrated touch OLED display will be potential competitive item.

A good candidate of green solution for display.

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ReferencesYu-Hsin Lin, Shih-Feng Hsu, Chung-Chun Lee, Wei-Pang Huanga AU Optronics Corp., “AMOLED AS A GREEN SOLUTION FOR DISPLAY”. Organic Light Emitting Materials and Devices XIII, edited by Franky So, Chihaya Adachi, Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7415, 74150W · © 2009 SPIE · CCC code: 0277-786X/09/$18

Bardsley, James. "International OLED Technology Roadmap." IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS. Jan. 2004. IEEE. <http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=01288066>.

Freudenrich, Craig, Ph.D. "How OLEDs Work”. Howstuffworks. 2008. <http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/oled.htm>.

OLED-info. "OLED Lights and Sony OLEDs." OLED displays and television resources, info and news.2008.<http://www.oled-info.com/>.

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THANK YOU

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QUERIES