School of Engineering and Technology

Presentation on:Precaution to reduce mobile radiation in human

beings

Made By:-

Abhiraj Bohra

Cell Phone - Background

• Use of cell phones has grown dramatically over the last fifteen years.

• Operate at frequencies slightly higher than TV and FM Radio signals .

• Analog and digital phones operate in the frequency range of 900 - 1800 MHz.

• The maximum powers of these phones are 2W and 1W (900 and 1800 MHz respectively). Average power are 1/8 of maximum.

EM Spectrum

Humans are Exposed to Broad Range of Electromagnetic Frequencies

Frequency

Nonionizing Radiation Ionizing Radiation

1Hz

10Hz

100Hz

1kHz

10kHz

100kHz

1MHz

10MHz

100MHz

1012

Hz1013

Hz1014

Hz1015

Hz1016

Hz1017

Hz1018

Hz1019

Hz1020

Hz1021

Hz1022

Hz1

GHz10

GHz100GHz

Extra-low frequency (ELF)

Radio Microwave Infrared

Visible light

Ultra-violet X-rays, gamma rays

Electric power

FM radio, VHF TV

UHF TV, cellular

telephones

Microwave ovens, police

radar, satellite stations

Heat lamps

Sun lamps

Video display

terminals

AM radio

}

Purchase a cell phone that rates as low as possible on the scale of radiation emissions:

Low SAR(Specific Adsorption Rate) value

SAR value is used to indicate how much radiation is absorbed by human body when the handset is used at maximum power

Ideal SAR value – 0.2 – 0.8 W/Kg

Precautions to minimize exposure to radiation when using a mobile phone

Limit the length of your calls on your cell phone:

Increases exposure to radiating signals

Alter brain electrical activity

Use a hands-free device or wireless headset to increase the distance between the phone and

your head:

Use speakerphone mode Use a wired headset Use a wireless Bluetooth headset or earpiece, Carry your cell phone away from your body

Turn the cell phone off when not in use:

Emits radiation in standby mode

Keep cell phone in bag

Stay still when using a cell phone:

More radiation emitted when keep moving

Do not use the phone while you are in a moving vehicle, including the train, bus, etc, since its antenna will be constantly scanning for contact using the maximum signal strength

Consider either not giving cell phone to children or limiting their usages to

emergency circumstances :

More susceptible to radiations

Not used below age 15

Try Texting, Not Talking:

Sending texts emits less radiationLess exposure to radiation

Return to the cord phone or land line phone:

emit no radiationCan be used for unlimited duration

Make use of protective items to shield yourself from radiation:

metal phone carrying case,

protective anti-radiation fabric

anti-radiation paint, etc

For weak signals cell phone has to work harder for transmit and receive

Equals higher bust of radiation

Use the phone only in strong signals