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Presented at IEEE Comsoc SCV Meeting, Santa Clara, CA, March 14, 2012
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Photonic Integrated Circuits (PICs) Scaling Next Generation Optical Networks
Why integrate ?
Vacuum Tubes
Integration has led the way in electronics
Solid State Integrated Circuit
A look at how IC’s changed the electronic landscape
More Functions Capabilities Reliability
Less Space Power Unit Cost
Moore’s law + IC’s changed the landscape forever
Source: Wikipedia
So again … why converge Photonics onto IC’s? The question is – can you afford not to ?
Electronics…
Photonic Integrated Circuits are the next logical step in the world of optics!
Optics…
Demands on optical bandwidth are greater than ever
Drivers
Network Traffic
Video
Cloud
Mobility
6 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Market forces driving demands on DWDM systems
MORE BANDWIDTH
Capacity per Wave
Capacity per System
100G to Terabit pipes Rapid Plug & Play deployment
The optimal solution: Photonic Integration
Higher density Lower power
Carrier class reliability
Photonic Integration
8 © 2011 Infinera Corporation.
Optical Physical Layer Start with the basics
Intensity Modulation + Direct Detection (NRZ)
Tx Rx
100 Gb/s Transmit
100 Gb/s Receive
PICs Enable Economical Access to Digital Bandwidth
“WDM system on a chip”
Density allows for further integration of network functionality
Photonic Integration
1001
0101
0101
1010
1101
0101 0101 1010 1101 0101
PICs Enable Integrated Switching
Enables “digital” functionality
Integrated switching at every node
High functionality Digital ROADM
Dramatic network simplification
100101011101010000101011 100101010101101011010101
110101000010101110010101 001010111011010110010101
Inte
grat
ed P
ho
ton
ics
Inte
grat
ed P
ho
ton
ics
Optical (O) Electrical (E) Optical (O)
Trib
Integrated Switching + WDM
Photonic Integration
PICs Enable On-Demand Network Bandwidth
100101011101010000101011 100101010101101011010101
110101000010101110010101 001010111011010110010101
Inte
grat
ed P
ho
ton
ics
Inte
grat
ed P
ho
ton
ics
Pervasive Digital Switching
Integrated Switching + WDM
Photonic Integration
10010101110101010000 10010101010110101011
10010101110101010000 10010101010110101011
Software-enabled “Ease-of-Use”
Digital switching at every node: OTN evolving to packet/OTN
Unconstrained bandwidth everywhere
Lowest cost per switched Gb/s
10010101110101010000 10010101010110101011
10010101110101010000 10010101010110101011
Digital Optical Networks
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
nLM
MTB
F (Y
ear
s)
1
10
100
1,000
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
FIT
No
. of
fie
ld h
ou
rs (
Mill
ion
-ho
urs
) PIC’s have been proven to be ultra reliable
Over 550M field hours without failures Entire PIC reliability better than single
discrete laser (FIT = 1.6)
High component reliability drives excellent Line Module reliability.
Line Modules MTBF of ~60 years
Next Generation DWDM 500Gb/s WDM “System on a Chip”
Move from OOK Modulation to Phase Modulation Creates an Optical Component “Explosion”
Tx
Rx
OOK
CMOS
PM-QPSK (DP-QPSK)
Photonic Integration is Required to Scale Space, Power and Reliability
500G, Large Scale, Monolithic PIC Implementation
500G Tx PIC
500G Rx PIC
Number of channels 5 x 100G
Monolithic InP Chips 2
Optical elements > 600
“Gold Box” Replacements > 100
Fiber Replacements > 400
COST
SIZE
POWER CAPACITY
RELIABILITY
01001010101110101100101011010101101000110101
PIC’s lower costs & enable
greater functionality
Enable more functionality • Integrated switching
• Higher density design
• Greater convergence
Room for more • Packet convergence
• Scalable coherent networks
• Multi-Terabit Superchannels
Switching MPLS LSR
PIC’s enabling a generational change to meet market demands
PIC’s enables OPEX savings
Not just terabit scale…
Less Power
Less Space
Lower TCO 69% less
# Modules/Cards 9,770
3,024
67% less
# Chassis 568
189
33% less
Rack Space
150%
100%
50% less
Power
200%
100%
4D Junction; 1T/degree; 25% Add/Drop
Capacity
100%
~250% ~2-3X more
56% lower
Total Costs 225%
100%
Thank You