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Using CSS and <div> tags for page layout
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In Lab1 we used tables to define how the page layout will look.
Works fine but if asked to redesign it is difficult to modify.
A <div> tag combined with CSS will create a page that is easy to manage and manipulate later.
A <div> tag defines a division or section in a HTML document
It is often used to group block elements to format them with styles.
The <div> tag is supported in all major browsers
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The <div> tag is a block level element The <div> tag can contain nearly any other tag The <div> tag cannot be inside <p> tags The <div> tag is not a replacement <p> tag The <p> tag is for paragraphs only while <div> tag defines
more general divisions within a document Don’t replace <p> tags with <div> tags Good idea to label your <div> tags as you place them in
the document Also good idea to close your <div> tags as soon as you
open them, then place the contents within the element
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Site logo at top leftThe logo appears at the top left and also acts as a hyperlink back to sites home page
Navigation barThis incorporates the site logo in a top horizontal navigation bar but also has a left hand side navigation bar .
Breadcrumbsbreadcrumbs tell the user where they are relative to the home page. Also the components of the breadcrumb list should be hyperlinked.
Three-region layoutuses the above patterns where there is a site logo, navigation bar top and left (and maybe breadcrumbs) and a third section for content
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breadcrumbs
Left navigation
logo search
Main contentRight side content
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Left navigation
logo
Main content
Top navigation
Just setting up three separate <div> like in the code below will not result in the page being laid out correctly
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To get the divisions positioned correctly you need to use CSS
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Need to add the link into the code
div_styles.css
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This shows the three divisions but they are not lined up all that well. We need to understand a little more about how “float” works
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float property allows you to position your web page designs Can only float block-level elements
eg <img />, <p> </p>, <ul> </ul>, and <div> </div> Can float to either the left or right. Any element that follows the floated element will flow
around the floated element on the other side. Should always define the width of a floated element A floated element will move as far to the left or right of the
container element as it can. If the container element is the <body> tag the floated div
will sit on the margin on the page If the container element itself is contained by something
else the floated div will sit on the margin of the container We are going to add a “wrapper” div to our previous eg.
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The next slide shows the CSS
wrapper div
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Finally if you would like your layout to be centred then you centre the wrapper div by setting the left and right margin to be equal
1. (a) Create the following web page using <div> tags and CSS. Choose your own colours and fonts
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300px wide300px wide
1. (b) Modify the code from part (a) and place a wrapper class around the two divs and centre them.
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2. (a) Create the following web page using <div> tags and CSS. Choose your own colours and fonts
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Download the Act10 images folder from the MyChisholm web site
You are going to change the way Lab2 is set up and now use <div> tags and CSS (rather than a table) to layout your page.This means your XHTML and your CSS file will both need to be modified
Reminder:
The site consists of four pages:welcome.htmlbaked_pears.htmlpumpkin_creme_brulee.htmlcontact_me.htmlThese pages are shown over the next four slides
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header <div>
left_nav <div>
content <div>
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In this section you learnt how to use <div> tags and CSS to layout a web page. Covered: <div> tags float property CSS Design patterns
The next section looks at how to make your page more interactive by adding javaScript to your page
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