OFF-GRID RENEWABLE ENERGY AS A CHANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA

Ratner SvetlanaInstitute of Control Science, Moscow

Carbon intensity of some economies in the world (amount of greenhouse gas emissions /GDP)

Russian Electricity production by sources, 2010.

Barriers to Technology Diffusion

According to IEA • Technical• Economic (Efficiency, capacities, output,

finantial)• Institutional (including legal)• Behavioural (Informational)According to S.Shelton, Georgia Institute of Technology• Infrastructure

Technological scheme of electrical power supply in Russia

The level of centralization of population and economic activity in the major cities in some

regions

Typical apartment house

Focus of research

• Small wind energy systems (SWT)• Solar thermal collectors• Heat Pumps• Biogas plants• Solar PV panels

Method of research

• JEDI model (input-output): environmental effects, number of jobs, salaries, and overall economic activity

• Identification of the potential beneficiaries (Force Field Analysis, Kurt Lewin)

Environmental EffectsTechnology Potential Market Potential

Environmental Effects

Small Wind 1,760 SWT installations a year

5,000 tons of GHG

Solar Thermal 1,760 2 sq.m installations a year

10,000 tons GHG

Biogas plants 33 poultries8 pig farms

The decrease in waste water as 0,3

billion m3;20,700 tons GHG

Heat Pumps 15,542 installations a year

20,800 tons of GHG

Potential beneficiaries

• Domestic producers of small wind turbines (13% of world manufactures)

• Solar cells manufacturers (2 of well-known manufacturers are located in Krasnodar)

• Small service companies • Companies with foreign capital (by LLC "Klaas-

Kuban“)• Biogas-station producers• Population

The perspectives of development

• The modeling of interaction between groups of potential beneficiaries and pollutant-industries lobbies

• Investigation of information barriers and cross-country comparisons;

References

Barriers to Technology Diffusion: the Case of Solar Thermal Technologies. Cédric Philibert, International Energy Agency, 2006Lewin K. (1943). Defining the "Field at a Given Time.“ Psychological Review. 50: 292-310. Republished in Resolving Social Conflicts & Field Theory in Social Science, Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 1997.Lewin, K. (1946) Action research and minority problems. J Soc. Issues 2(4): 34-46

Thank you!

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