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Presentación que el Dr. Yoon Chung, presidente de la Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Creativity (KOFAC). Chung utilizó la presentación para ilustrar la conferencia que pronunció el 28 de mayo del 2010 en Barcelona, en el contexto del Máster de Comunicación Científica, Médica y Ambiental que imparte el Instituto de Educación Continua de la Universidad Pompeu Fabra, y que coordina y dirige el Observatorio de la Comunicación Científica.
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The Development S&T and Science Communication
in KOREA
2010. 5
“과학이 문화로, 창의가 희망으로”
Dr. Yoon CHUNGPresident, Korea Foundation
for the Advancement of Science & Creativity
CONTENTS
About Korea
KOFAC and Its Activities
Three Prime DIRECTIVES
- Creativity
- Collaboration
1
3
4- Involvement
Vision & Future5
The Development of Science &Technology 2
The Seoul Olympic Games
(1988)
World Cup Games
(2002)
1
GNI per capita
(World’s 36th)
Gross Domestic Product
(World’s 14th)
Trading Volume
(World’s 11th)
OECD Membership
(1996)
G20 Host Country
(2010)
Dynamic country with beautiful mountains, rivers and four distinguished seasons.
(48 Million Population)
About KOREA
From an impoverished country in the 60s
to an advanced country in the 21st century
2
<The IMD World Competitiveness Yearbook>
Area Ranking
Science Infrastructure 3rd
Higher Education 4th
Employment Rate 6th
Merchandise Export 12th
Technological
Infrastructure
14th
Educational
reform
• Korea has the latest technologies in
Information-electronics, ship building, automobiles and steel making industries
• Future-oriented green energy, bio-tech and nano-tech
• 83.8% go to college
• 115,000 Doc. degree
- 33,000 from overseas
Science &
technology
reform
• $33.7 Bil. invested in R&D (3.47% of the GDP, world’s 4th highest)
• over 200,000 researchers
About KOREA
Behind its success, there are outstanding human resources &
competitive science & tech
The development of S&T
3
• Unique Culture & Science(5,000 years of history)
– A language and characters, Hangul (한글)
• Paradigm shift from “Catch up” to “Creative innovation”
• Generating new industries based on excellent human resources and S&T
• Around 2.5% of world capability (Technology, Industry & Economy)
– A top 10 level country in terms of GDP, Trade and S&T
– Chairing G20 Submit(November. 2010)
• The world’s most outstanding country in industrialization, information and democracy
Period System • Policies
60’s-70’s • Ministry of Science & Technology
• National Science & Technology Promotion Act
• Government-funded Research Institutes(GRIs)
• First 5-year National Plan for Economic Development
80’s • National Science & Technology Promotion Committee
• GRIs + Private Research Institutes(PRIs)
90’s • Ministry of Information and Communication
• National Science & Technology Council(NSTC)
• Science & Technology Framework Law
• GRIs + PRIs + Universities
• Act for promoting industries oriented technologies
2000 and after• Elevate minister of science and technology to a deputy prime-minister level
• National Technology Road Map(NTRM)
• Long-term plan for green growth, future technology
The development of S&T
4
Korean S&T System & Policies
Period Achievements
60’s-70’s • KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute),
KIST (Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
• Textiles, Chemicals, Steel
80’s • Technology introduction
• Collaboration between public and private sectors
• Expansion of overseas study, utilization of HR trained in overseas
• Shipbuilding, Automobile, Semiconductor
90’s • National Big Science R&D programs
- Frontier R&D program, Creative Research initiative project
• Patent registrations and SCI publications
• Display, Cellular phone, Nuclear power plant
2000
and after
• Improved R&D investment structure (government : private = 3 : 7)
• Self-reliance on nuclear technology (power supply)
• Bio-industry, Green Tech, Hi-Tech electronics
The development of S&T
5
Achievements in the Development of the Korean Science & Technology
The 1st generation in the R&D
※ Preferred treatment in salaries, houses, vacations andindependent research activities
Inviting scientists Studied in overseas (invitation scientists) project (70’s –80’s)
6
• Around 300 researchers between 1968 and 1980
– Korean-American Scientists and Engineers Association (1971)
– Korean-German Scientists and Engineers Association (1973)
government invited Korean P.h.D scientists from overseas• Developing for heavy industry and R&D
• Deregulating policies of studying overseas since 1980s
• 13 overseas Korean scientist associations (2010)
Government R&D Budget(billion USD)
9.6
10.7
11.914.4
2008 2009 2010 2012(Plan)
2008
2008 2009 2010 2012(Plan)
2009(Estimate) 2010(Plan)
Ratio of fundamental R&D(%)to government R&D investment
25.6%29.3%
31.3%35.0%
8.8%8.0%
11.1%
Private R&D (billion USD) Increase rate compared to last year (&)
The development of S&T
7
Compatibility of the S&T in Korea (Ⅰ)
Government R&D Increase rate of R&D
Increase rate of the total government budget (%)
Increase rate of the R&D budget (%)
2009 20102008
annual average of 7.1%
annual average of 11.8%
7.9%
13.3%10.8% 11.4%
6.4% 6.9%
Prospect of private R&D investment Ratio of government R&D investment
21.8 23.5 26.1
• Total National R&D budget (38 billon USD, 2010) : Government + Private
The development of S&T
8
(Public, Private)
International Patents
2003 2005 20062004 2007 200820022001
1984 1997 2008
6,295(4th)
7,908(4th)
1,891
2883010
1981
35,569(12th)
1997 2008
7,870(18th)
4(53th)
S&T competitiveness (IMD)
3th
14th12th
13th
17th
14th
10th7th
5th
21th
17th
24th
8th
2th
6th 6th
14th 14th
2009
Number of Research Papers (Rank)
S&T research papers
Compatibility of the S&T in Korea(II)
Competitiveness in Science Competitiveness in Technology
Number of International PatentsNumber of patents registeredin the U.S.
• Government R&D has focused on solving global issues
• R&D System to improve efficiency
- Strengthening overall coordinating in adjustment, evaluation and management
World’s
100s-levels
Focused on
Catch up /
CompetitionWorld Top 10s
Focused on
Creative innovation /
Pioneer
The development of S&T – Future direction(1)
9
(climate change, diseases, energy, foods and water shortages)
- Evaluating, analyzing and utilizing intellectual assets for globalization
- Linking infrastructure(accelerator, nano-fab, nuclear fusion, disaster prevention & safety, nuclear reactor) with R&D activities
• Expanding Globalization
- Combining original technologies on IT & GT
• Enhancing Public Awareness of Science & Technology
- Strengthening science and risk communication for general public
• Strengthening Collaboration
- Industry: Developing applied technology
The development of S&T – Future direction(2)
10
Balanced growth between quantity & quality
- Reinforcing creative education for youth
sharing infrastructure & HR with industries & universities
- University: Research on basic science and cultivating HR
- Research institute: Executing big science programs related global issues,
- Global collaboration in big science like nuclear fusion, marine/space tech
KOFAC and its activities
Cultivation of world-class
future global leadersStrengthening
education
for the gifted and
talented
Developing creative human resources
Enhancing public understanding of science
and global issues
Excellence
Creativity
Rationality Supporting school youth’s science
activities
Building the foundation for coalition
among science, humanities & arts
Cultivation of creative human
resources through the reinforced
math and science education
11
DIRECTIVE 1 : Involvement
• Korea’s promising future leaders award
Supporting Science Culture
• Science Times / ScienceAll
• Science Culture Academy & SCRC
- for providing scientific information
• Science Culture Grants
- for 100 creative and talented future leaders
among the youth group
- for academic research & professional education
※SCRC : Science Culture Research Center
- for private-level science culture projects
(59 projects a year)
12
Diversifying Science Culture Experience
• Science Ambassador
- science lectures by leading scientists &
• Korea Science Festival
- Korea’s largest interactive science festival
• ISEC
- research-oriented biannual camp from
※ISEC : International Youth Science & Engineering Camp
DIRECTIVE 1 : Involvement
(since 1997, 200,000 visitors in 2009)
11 countries
engineers
(1,100 ambassadors in action)
13
DIRECTIVE 1 : Involvement
Sharing Science Culture Experience
• Science Volunteers Program
• Everyday Science Class
- for youth at local community centers
• Youth Science Club (YSC)
- for science club activities at schools
- 1,000 volunteers from 83 universities
- College volunteers teach STEM to underprivileged
area
(690 clubs in 2009)
(493 classes)
14
“Hope of
Planet Earth” inthree colors
Public Awareness of Global Issues
- exhibition, public lectures, concerts and performance
DIRECTIVE 1 : Involvement
• RGB campaign
• Development and distribution of TV documentary programs, books and cartoons
15
• Launching the first “Korea International
Enhancing Student’s
Creativity in STEM
DIRECTIVE 2 : Creativity
Science & Engineering Fair (KISEF)”
- sending the winners to ISEF in U.S.(May, 2010)
16
• Creativity & Character Education
• Creative hands-on activity in cooperation
with Industry/University/Research Institute
Encouraging student’s
Creativity in school
• Strengthening the gifted & talented
DIRECTIVE 2 : Creativity
• National curriculum development
- designating science oriented high school
- honors programs (HP)
& undergraduate research program (URP)
- reinforcing math & science education
17
• Next-generation math and science textbooks
Development and distribution
of creativity contents
18
• Creativity Resources Center
- development and collection of world-class
- experiment-oriented textbooks designed to
stimulate students’ creativity and interest in
science
science and math educational resources
- experiment kits, visual references, and publications
DIRECTIVE 2 : Creativity
DIRECTIVE 3 : Collaboration
• Collaboration Café
Collaboration Café & Festival
19
- arena for experts in S&T,
- discuss about future society and collaborated
• Grants for collaboration activities
- creative theater : performances where
- science storytelling: creative writing on science
- visualization of science: visual works that make
▶ Collaboration festival: once a year
social and liberal sciences, culture, and arts
technologies
science is merged with culture and arts
science easy to understand
projects, where science is the main theme
Key Message
S+C=AScience + Creativity = Answer × Advancement
2
20
Promoting scientific literacy & enhancing logical thinking power
Visions for the future of Korea
Science-oriented creative society
Cultivating global future leaders by strengthening math & science
education