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Ninti One research presentation day, 8 August 2013, National Portrait Gallery, Canberra. Theme 1: Productive Landscapes
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2013 Ninti One Research Presentation Day
Innovation for Remote Australia
www.nintione.com.au
Theme 1 – Productive Landscapes
Facilitator: Kevin Williams
Speakers: Andy BubbSally LeigoFiona Haslam McKenzieDigby RaceMary‐Anne Healy
Ninti One and the Pastoral IndustryAndy Bubb – 21st Century Pastoralism Project Leader (2007‐2010)
Australia’s Rangelands
• Australia is the driest inhabited continent in the world; • 81% of it is either arid or semi arid land • Highly variable rainfall in timing and intensity
Australian Climate ZonesTropicalTemperateSubtropicalGrasslandEquatorialDesert
Australia’s Rangelands• Have supported at least 40,000 years of Aboriginal occupancy• Major source of Australia’s exports through mining and Agriculture• Desert syndrome
i) Climate variability, ii) Scarce Resources, iii) sparse population, iv) Remoteness, v) social variability vi) local knowledge vii) cultural differences
Pastoralism in the Australian Rangelands
• 3000 Pastoral enterprises across the Australian Rangelands. Well established, enduring, resilient and economically profitable
• Research and development within Rangeland Pastoralism traditionally divided by state borders, deserts and organisational structures
• Sometimes viewed as ‘less productive areas of temperate production’ rather than ‘highly productive arid zone enterprises’
21st Century Pastoralism•Recognised the linkages between remote rangeland enterprises
•Identified that businesses operate on huge scale, profitability is based on low input/low output model
• Alice Springs region Northern Territory cattle station averages:
•3800km2 running 6000 cattle by 3‐6 staff members
•11 Paddocks averaging 335km2, 27 watering points
•Huge amount of time and money spent on checking and maintaining water
21st Century Pastoralism
Telemetry costs and recovery period
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
Napperby Mt. Ive Monkira De Rose Hill Quinyambie
Remote Management Technology Cost 1st year indicative saving
• Tested commercially available technologies on working cattle enterprises
• Pastoralists employed as researchers and became key communicators of results to their peers in industry
Utilising Technology:WaterSmart Pastoral Production Project
Utilising Technology:The Remote Livestock Management System
Challenges to production are:• Availability and cost of
labour• High costs associated with
managing cattle• High cost of collected data
potentially outweighs the benefits
• Worker safety can be a challenge
• Automating these processes was a major outcome for Ninti One and Partners
AUTOMATIC WEIGH IN
SOLARPANELS
COMPUTERCONTROLLER
COMPUTER RECEIVES
TELEMETRYINFORMATION
Remote livestock management system elements
Utilising Technology:Towards Precision Pastoralism
• Individual animal data• Accurate
• Spatial data• Remote sensing with high spatial resolution (MODIS)
more frequently
Increasing Adoption• Pastoralists are linked strongly to a geographical location
• Pastoralists understand technology quicker when they are able to “see, touch and feel” it
Increasing Adoption
• Pastoralists are time poor and continually stretched across many areas of their business
• Pastoralists are conservative with investment and are unlikely to change production practice without a solid or sound business case
www.nintione.com.au
Productive Landscape
Enduring Community Value from Mining
Professor Fiona Haslam McKENZIE
Background and Research Context• This research program is:
• Analysing how mining activities in remote areas can leave a legacy of enduring benefits to communities and SME beyond the mines life.
• Benefits and costs – where and for whom?
• Developing strategies for Risk and Resilience
The Granites
Jabiru
Leigh CreekRoxby Downs
Tom Price
Onslow
Impacts• Direct employment opportunities from mining
• More opportunities and potential enduring benefits in support services
• Dramatic impacts on communities e.g. –• long distance commuting • Poor strategic planning (lifecycle planning)• Population churn
Impacts• Long distance commuting. Research shows that:
• More could be done by companies, including contractors, construction and resource companies to ensure communities derive benefits from long distance commuting
• All spheres of government have a responsibility to provide workable and responsive guidelines and frameworks
• There are benefits from long distance commuting which could be better captured and understood
Achievements
• Productive collaborations between major mining companies operating in the Pilbara (WA) and Tanami (NT) regions enabling tracking and mapping of labour force mobility, workforce income dispersion and regional economic leakage
• A pilot study conducted by the Western Australian Department of Justice to more accurately track domestic violence, drug and alcohol abuse and incidence of crime by employees who identify as long distance commuters in the resources and allied industries.
Achievements• The socio‐economic impacts of long distance commuting (LDC) on two
source communities, tracking impacts on the:• The local economy• The commuting worker• The family in the source community• Community services• Health and education services
Results so far ….• Long distance commuting is a diverse and dynamic phenomenon which
could be better managed and understood. It is not all bad, in fact, there are many benefits.
• Many benefits from mining flow to capital cities and boardrooms –capturing the benefits at the local level demands fundamental corporate re‐assessment about corporate social responsibility
• Mine lifecycle planning is very important, but plans cannot be static. Communities and economies are fluid and plans must therefore be responsive.
• Government has a vital role to ensure optimal strategic planning and prescient community and infrastructure investment
Results so far ….
• Mine lifecycle planning is very important, but plans cannot be static. Communities and economies are fluid and plans must therefore be responsive.
• Government has a vital role to ensure optimal strategic planning and prescient community and infrastructure investment
www.nintione.com.au
Productive Landscapes:
Climate change adaptation Energy futures New carbon economies
Principal Research Leader ‐ Digby Race, CSIRO
38
Key project research questions1. What are the feasible options for adaptation to climate change
in remote Australia that enhance community liveability & business viability?
2. What are the feasible options for adoption of renewable energy & energy efficiency measures by households & businesses in remote Australia (inc. transport systems)?
3. What are the commercial opportunities for remote communities to benefit from the ‘carbon economy’?
Systems approach
Climate change impacts
Climate change adaptation
Energy futures
Futures by
design
Increasing heat (more intensive ‘heatwaves’) affecting community health & workforce productivity
Increasing extreme weather events (flooding, storms)
Increasing operating costs (for cooling) & reducing productivity (agriculture)
Damaging infrastructure & limiting transportation
Changes –incremental & transformative
Changing work practices (outdoor activities informed by current weather)
Adopt energy & water efficiencies
Increasing use of affordable renewable energy – domestic & business
Invest in more robust infrastructure –domestic, business & transport
Projected impacts for Central Australia• Increase in days per year over 35°C from 90 (current) to 132‐182 (by
2070) – leading to increased heat stress (heat‐related deaths could increase by as much as 10 times in QLD & the NT by 2100, Hughes & McMichael 2011);
• Increase in sickness & hospital admissions (& associated lost days at work/school & additional care required) (health care services cost $5,000 per person & expected to nearly double by 2050, Hughes & McMichael 2011);
• Extreme weather events can compound the delivery of health services – increase demand yet limit provision (flooding & cyclones in QLD during 2010‐11 caused $18 million damage to health services);
Projected impacts for Central Australia (continued ...)
• Impacts on the productivity of agricultural industries (contribution to Aust’sGDP from agriculture to decline by 20% in 2100, with most decline concentrated in Northern Aust, Garnaut 2008);
• Significant increase in the required energy for cooling, but a small reduction in the energy required for heating;
• Costs for maintaining roads & other infrastructure expected to rise.
41Crossing the Todd River in Alice Springs (Photos: D. Race & J. Addison)
Exposure in Central Australia
42Source: J. Addison 2013; graph design: R. Brown
Recent (2003) & projected days above 35°C at selected towns under ‘high’ emission scenario.
43
Source: Suppiah et al. 2007.
“... it is clear that people will need to adapt to changing (climatic) conditions ...” Productivity Commission (2012)
Emerging results: Climate change adaptation The Northern Australian beef cattle industry:• value• sensitivity rainfall variability • challenging herd management• access to markets• electricity & fuel costs• ‘tools’ to assist producers
44
(Photo: Manchini, Flickr Creative Commons)
Transport disparity in remote Australia
45
• People living in remote Australia are more dependent on private transport, yet face higher costs & more dangerous driving conditions;
• What are the alternatives for more affordable & safer transport for remote Australians?
Source: B. Spandonide 2013.
Energy futures: efficiencies & renewables
46
Alice Solar City (ASC) initiative: $37 million during 2008‐2013
ASC: about 30% households involved
47Source: L. Havas et al. 2012.
Lessons from ASC
48
Household income not a good predictor of PV adoption
No ‘rebound’ affect in energy usage by PV adopters
Sou
rce:
L. H
avas
et a
l. 20
12.
Sou
rce:
L. H
avas
et a
l. 20
12.
Co‐benefits in a ‘carbon’ economy
• Correlation of ‘carbon’ businesses to bio‐activity
• ‘Carbon’ benefits from changes in land management
• Australian Government support
• Economic incentives
• Co‐benefits will add‐value to the price of carbon, thereby expand the carbon economy.
49
Key messages from project so far ...• Combination of ‘climate & energy’ issues is anticipated to be a major
driver of change in remote Central & Northern Aust – will affect agricultural industries, community & workforce health, infrastructure;
• Conventional adaptation to climate extremes is energy & water‐intensive, unlikely to be sustainable in remote Central & Northern Aust – focus on improving energy & water efficiency & alternatives to enhance ‘liveability’;
• Co‐benefits from carbon‐cultural landscape management can be applied to Aust’s remote productive landscapes – may lead to transformational change in commercial opportunities;
• Building the adaptive capacity of people & organisations is required:• No regrets,
• Flexible,
• Hard & soft (e.g. Invest in physical & social capitals).
50
51
Project partners• CSIRO, • Centre for Appropriate Technology, • Charles Darwin University, • Northern Territory Government,• Tangentyere Council,• Northern Territory Government Power & Water Corporation,• Australian Government Department of Regional Australia, Local
Government, Arts and Sport.
Project teamJane Addison (consultant), Tira Foran (CSIRO), Lisa Havas (CDU), Catherine Matthews (CDU), Cathy Robinson (CSIRO), Glenn Ronan (NTG), Bruno Spandonide (CAT), Danny Ware (Ninti One) & Digby Race (CSIRO)
52
Further details
Digby RacePrincipal Research Leader E: [email protected]: 0419 638 406www.crc‐rep.com.au
www.nintione.com.au
Productive Landscapes
Integrating climate change science into rangelands natural resource management
Project manager – Mary‐Anne Healy
Natural resource management (NRM) in Australia• Natural resources include soil, water, landscapes,
plants and animals
• Active management of natural resources and the effect on quality of life now and in the future
• 56 NRM regions
• Group/board/committee of community (and government) representatives
• Developing strategic plans for their region
• Funded by Australian government, state governments and other partners to implement on‐ground actions
Clean Energy Future
• Australian Government Clean Energy Future Plan• Regional Natural Resource Management Planning for Climate
Change Fund• providing $43.9 million over five financial years to improve regional
planning for climate change and help guide the location of carbon and biodiversity activities.
• aims to improve the capacity of regional NRM organisations to plan for climate change
Rangelands Cluster Project
Rangelands Cluster Project• Research partners – CSIRO and Monash University
• NRM organisations:• Alinytjara Wilurara NRM• Desert Channels Qld• Rangelands NRM WA • SA Arid Lands NRM• South West NRM (Qld) • Territory NRM• Western CMA (NSW)
www.nintione.com.au