Manoel teixeira souza

Manoel Teixeira Souza Júnior, Ph.D. – Embrapa Agroenergy - General DirectorManoel Teixeira Souza Júnior, Ph.D. – Embrapa Agroenergy - General [email protected] 55.61.3448.4246 [email protected] 55.61.3448.4246 www.cnpae.embrapa.br

In the Ground, Where it All Begins… Maximizing existing agriculture lands and Brazil’s abundant degraded pastures; Long-term planning and land acquisition with sustainability standards in mind; Comparing the cost and potential of alternative feedstocks: jatropha; castor; African palm;

Macauba palm; sorghum; energy cane; How to execute successful large-scale planting for the biofuel sector? Improving mechanization of harvests and advances in the collection of sugar cane straw and

other biomass.

2020 – 56 Million2009 – 29 Million

93%BRASIL

2011 – 32,5%

+6.6%2010-2011

1973 – First petroleum crisis;1973 – First petroleum crisis; 1974 – ProAlcool Program is launched;1974 – ProAlcool Program is launched; 1977 – 4.5% Ethanol added to Gasoline;1977 – 4.5% Ethanol added to Gasoline; 1979 – 15% Ethanol added to Gasoline;1979 – 15% Ethanol added to Gasoline;

1980 – Second petroleum crisis;1980 – Second petroleum crisis; 1983 – Cars running on ethanol are 90% of the sells;1983 – Cars running on ethanol are 90% of the sells; 1985 - 22% Ethanol added to Gasoline;1985 - 22% Ethanol added to Gasoline; 1989 – Drop in petroleum prices (gasoline = ethanol);1989 – Drop in petroleum prices (gasoline = ethanol);

1990’s – 20-25% Ethanol added to Gasoline;1990’s – 20-25% Ethanol added to Gasoline;

2003 – Flex Flue Technology;2003 – Flex Flue Technology; 2005 – PNPB is launched;2005 – PNPB is launched; 2007 – Third petroleum crisis;2007 – Third petroleum crisis; 2008 – B2 becomes mandatory;2008 – B2 becomes mandatory; 2008 – Ethanol consumption similar to Gasoline (April);2008 – Ethanol consumption similar to Gasoline (April); 2010 – B5 becomes mandatory (3 years in advance);2010 – B5 becomes mandatory (3 years in advance);

2011 – ANP & Ethanol (18-25%);2011 – ANP & Ethanol (18-25%); 2011 – Ethanol crises in Brazil;2011 – Ethanol crises in Brazil; 2012 – PNPB (Phase 2) is expected to be launched;2012 – PNPB (Phase 2) is expected to be launched;

2012 to 2020 and beyond: INCREASE EFFICIENCY & DIVERSIFY FEEDSTOCKS2012 to 2020 and beyond: INCREASE EFFICIENCY & DIVERSIFY FEEDSTOCKS

Biofuels History in BrazilBiofuels History in Brazil

The National Biodiesel Production & Use Program - PNPBThe National Biodiesel Production & Use Program - PNPB

Soybean and the PNPBSoybean and the PNPB

81% of the Biodiesel 81% of the Biodiesel comes from soybean oilcomes from soybean oil

PNPB in 2020…PNPB in 2020…

2020

6.85billion L

to be used by food industry (internal market) & biodiesel

6.85billion L


Soybean oil in 2020Soybean oil in 2020

6.85billion L


6.85billion L


Diesel in the pump & Biodiesel – Demand in Million L Diesel in the pump & Biodiesel – Demand in Million L

Fonte: EPE.

6.85billion L


6.85billion L



Fonte: EPE.

6.85billion L


6.85billion L



Fonte: EPE.

Will we do the same as Argentina?Will we do the same as Argentina?

Processing 100% in BrazilProcessing 100% in Brazil

What to do to guarantee B10 or B20?What to do to guarantee B10 or B20?

33,73%33,73%

32,37%32,37%

3,87%3,87%

36,24%

Vegetal Oil – World Production by main crops (million tons) – FAO 2011Vegetal Oil – World Production by main crops (million tons) – FAO 2011

CropCrop Oil Content Oil Content (%)(%)

Productivity Productivity (2010/11)(2010/11)

Production & Harvest Production & Harvest Area (2010/11)Area (2010/11)

Castor bean (Ricinus comunis)

50-55 644 kg/ha 141,300 tons219,300 ha

Sunflower (Heliantus annus)

40 1,255 kg/ha 76,700 tons61,000 ha

Cotton seed (Gossypium hirsutum)

21-28 2,303 kg/ha 3,225,500 tons1,400,300 ha

Peanuts(Arachis hipogaea)

45 2,674 kg/ha 226,500 tons84,500 ha

Canola(Brassica napus)

38 1,505 kg/ha 69,700 tons46,300 ha

Oil Palm(Elaeis spp.)

20 12,147 kg/ha 1,292,713 tons106,420 ha

Coconut(Cocos nucifera)

60 6,884 fruits/ha 1,891,687 thousand fruits274,773 ha

Bottlenecks: Cultivars, Seeds, Pesticides Registered, Agricultural Extension, Public Policies:

Credit, Price, Promote Growers Association.

Feedstock Diversification and the PNPBFeedstock Diversification and the PNPB

Source: IBGE-SIDRA 2012.

Brazil – Production – 2010: 1,292,713 tonsBrazil – Production – 2010: 1,292,713 tons Pará: 1,058,381 tons (82%)Pará: 1,058,381 tons (82%)Bahia: 231,272 tons (17%)Bahia: 231,272 tons (17%)

Imports ~60% Imports ~60%

Oil Palm Production in Brazil in the last decade.Oil Palm Production in Brazil in the last decade.

232.8 million ha of land – climatic & soil aptitude for oil palm cultivation; Excluded: all areas covered with native vegetation, under protection (conservation units, national, state and

municipal parks), indigenous people’s land and fragile ecosystems; as well as areas that suffered human impact after 2008;

Cultivation allowed in 31.8 million ha – 13.7% of land with climatic & soil aptitude – 3.7% of the Brazilian territory; Management level B – Preferential area in the AML: 73.374 Km2 or 7.334.426 ha (or the equivalent to 58% of the

area cultivated today in Malaysia & Indonesia).

AL BA PE

SE ES RJ

Is there area to produce oil palm in Brazil?Is there area to produce oil palm in Brazil?

The answer is: YES!So, what is missing?The answer to the second question is:

Do we have the technology for oil palm production?Do we have the technology for oil palm production?

Source: National Biomass Strategy 2020: New wealth creation for Malaysia’s palm oil industry

Oil Palm – Is it only about oil?Oil Palm – Is it only about oil?

An opportunity to promote the bio-refinery concept…An opportunity to promote the bio-refinery concept…

Plant species in domestication…Plant species in domestication…

Feedstock Diversification and the PNPBFeedstock Diversification and the PNPB

Thank you!Thank you!

EMBRAPA AGROENERGY - www.cnpae.embrapa.brEMBRAPA AGROENERGY - www.cnpae.embrapa.br